Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Risk In Emergency Research Using A Waiver Of/Exception From Consent: Implications Of A Structured Approach For Institutional Review Board Review, Andrew Mcrae, Stacy Ackroyd-Stolarz, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

OBJECTIVE: To apply component analysis, a structured approach to the ethical analysis of risks and potential benefits in research, to published emergency research using a waiver of/exception from informed consent. The hypothesis was that component analysis could be used with a high degree of interrater reliability, and that the vast majority of emergency research would comply with a minimal-risk threshold.

METHODS: A Medline search and manual search were done to identify studies using a waiver of/exception from informed consent published between July 1996 and December 2000. A review panel of physicians and bioethicists independently classified nontherapeutic procedures in each study …

Meaningful Work As Due Inducement, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Disclosure Of Research Result To Research Participants: Needs And Attitudes Of Adolescents And Parents, Conrad Fernandez, Shaureen Taweel, Eric Kodish, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

BACKGROUND: Researchers have a moral responsibility to offer to return research results to participants, but the needs and attitudes of parents and adolescents with cancer in paediatric oncology regarding the issue are relatively unknown.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the needs of potential research participants or their guardians with respect to the offer of a return of research results. METHODS: A questionnaire was used in a focus group and in telephone interviews with eight adolescents and 12 parents of children with cancer. The participants were asked to respond to the questions and to comment on the inclusiveness of the questionnaire.

RESULTS: The …

Downward Delegation Of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Decision-Making In A Restricted-Resource Environment: The Pitfalls Of Bedside Rationing, Christopher Simpson, Barry Hoffmaster, Paul Dorian

C. Barry Hoffmaster

Implantable cardioverter defibrillators have been shown to reduce all-cause mortality in some patient populations at risk of sudden death. New Canadian guidelines recommend implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy for these patients. However, the need for these devices exceeds the funded volumes in many Canadian jurisdictions. As a result, rationing of this resource has been necessary. While rationing at the macro (Ministry of Health) and meso (hospital) levels has achieved some level of acceptance by society, the responsibility for the decisions taken at the micro (individual) patient level actually rests with the physician at the bedside. This 'bedside rationing' creates a moral …

A Death In The Family: Reflections On The Terri Schiavo Case, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Is Clinical Research And Ethics A Zero-Sum Game?, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Protecting Communities In Research: From A New Principle To Rational Protections, Ezekiel Emanuel, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Ethics In Speech-Language Pathology: Beyond The Codes And Canons, Louis Charland, T. Eadie

Louis C. Charland

No abstract provided.

Emotion Experience And The Indeterminacy Of Valence, Louis Charland

Louis C. Charland

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Risks Of Non-Therapeutic Research In Children, Paul Miller, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

The Heat Of Emotion: Valence And The Demarcation Problem, Louis Charland

Louis C. Charland

No abstract provided.

A Critical History Of Individual And Collective Ethics In The Lineage Of Lellouch And Schwartz, Charles Heilig, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

The notions of individual and collective ethics were first explicitly defined in the biostatistical literature in 1971 to motivate a mathematical solution to a posed ethical dilemma. This paper reviews key antecedents to these concepts and traces explicit references to them over time, primarily in the biostatistical literature. Following a historical exposition of these texts, a critical thematic analysis shows the following: the normative force of these concepts has not been adequately argued. Individual and collective ethics do not solve the problem of how to use accumulating data to inform ethical action. The notions of the "individual" and the "collective" …

Emotion, Louis Charland, Robert Gordon

Louis C. Charland

No abstract provided.