Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Acceptability And Feasibility Of Web-Based Diabetes Instruction For Latinos With Limited Education And Computer Experience, Sharon A. Fitzgerald, Victor E. Martinez-Zavala, Kenia Yazmin Reyna Blanco, A Paula Cupertino, Mugur V. Geana, Edward F. Ellerbeck

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Introduction: The internet offers an important avenue for developing diabetes self-management skills, but many Latinos have limited experience with computer-based instruction.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of delivering a web-based diabetes education program in a computer classroom for Spanish-speaking Latinos.

Methods: Spanish-speaking Latinos (n=26) attended two classroom sessions to learn computer skills while navigating a web-based diabetes education platform. Diabetes knowledge was assessed before and after the intervention; structured interviews were completed to assess program acceptability.

Results: Half of participants (50%) had not previously used a computer. Post-intervention, diabetes knowledge improved significantly (p=.001). The majority of participants (86%) …

Type Ii Diabetic Patients«Sq» Satisfaction With The Management Plan In Family Health Centers In Port Said City, Egypt, Ahmed Ragheb, Nagwa N. Hegazy, Taghred M. Farahat, Wesam Yousef

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective The aim of the study was to assess  type II diabetic patients«SQ» satisfaction with the management plan in family health centers (FHCs) in Port Said city. Background Diabetes mellitus is a common and potentially disabling chronic disease, with increased risk for microvascular and macrovascular complications. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 participants after calculation of the sample size. All diabetic participants who were registered at all FHCs were interviewed using semistructured questionnaires to obtain sociodemographic characteristics and to assess type II diabetic patients«SQ» satisfaction toward counseling and treatment plans. This was followed by a …

Addressing Diabetes Prevention At The American Indian Summer Medical Wellness Camp, Mahpiya Vanderbilt, Francine Gachupin, Phd, Mph

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

American Indian youth ages 10-19 are nine times more likely of being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes compared to non-Hispanic whites. A family history of diabetes, being overweight, and being inactive are the main risk factors for type 2 diabetes. The American Indian Summer Medical Wellness Camp is a six day camp for American Indian youth where they are taught about nutrition and fitness in an effort to prevent diabetes. What I looked at is if students who have attended the camp in previous years make different choices than the youth who have never attended camp. I hypothesize that if …

An Intervention To Promote Navajo Gardening, Nutrition, And Community Wellness, Sonia Avitia, Mark C. Bauer, Phd, Linda Garcia

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

The rates of diabetes and obesity in Navajo communities are higher than national rates. A healthy diet of fresh fruits and vegetables will help to prevent and reduce such rates. So the project focuses on promoting gardening to make vegetables and fruits more accessible at the comfort of one’s own home. Previous research in this area shows that gardeners consume 2 more servings of fruits and vegetables than nongardeners. Thirty participants were recruited by flyer distribution at chapter houses, senior centers, and community centers, from four Navajo targeted areas: Shiprock, NM; Tsaile, AZ; Lukachukai, AZ, and Hogback, NM. With the …

Prescription Drug Costs: Does Neighborhood Matter?, Abigayle Alexander, Lisa M. Lapeyrouse, Phd

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

The price of pharmaceuticals can impact one’s ability to purchase needed medication(s). If one cannot afford necessary prescriptions the resulting medication noncompliance can lead to further health complications, increasing the risk of disability, disease progression, and mortality (Mojtabai & Olfson, 2003; Sherbourne, Hays, Ordway, DiMatteo, & Kravitz, 2010).

In this research study we aim to answer two questions: (1) Is there a relationship between neighborhood characteristics (population size, race/ethnic composition, median income, and crime) and access to pharmacies?; and (2) Is there a relationship between neighborhood characteristics and pharmaceutical prices? Using 2009-2013 American Community Survey Data, Census block group data …

Traditional Medicine As A Treatment For Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus, Ronalei Ronny, Christopher U. Kitalong, Phd

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Diabetes is a common life-long health condition. It is a serious and costly metabolic disease which is now one of a growing concern in the whole world including the Republic of Palau. There are two main types of diabetes: Type I diabetes and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). People living with diabetes may have to deal with short-term or long-term complications as a result of their condition. Short-term complications include hypoglycaemia diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS). Long-term complications include how diabetes affects your eyes (retinopathy), heart (cardiovascular disease), kidneys (nephropathy), and nerves and feet (neuropathy). In the …

Effectiveness Of Traditional Treatments Of Diabetes In Pohnpei, Federated States Of Micronesia, Sonsha Padock, Nacanieli Tuivavalagi, Phd, Fredson Ardos, As, Jackson Philip, Bs, Paul Dacanay, Md

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Diabetes is the second leading cause of death in Pohnpei – next only to heart disease. However, households in Pohnpei are struggling to make ends meet and find it difficult to afford hospital treatments. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of selected traditional treatment methods for diabetes using local plant products. We hypothesize that the traditional treatment methods of diabetes could also be effective.

Data was collected through interviews and discussions with 17 diabetic patients who have undergone different forms of treatments, and with five medical practitioners. Effects of five treatments were explored: lime and lemon …

Unhealthy Eating Habits In The Marshall Islands Result From Deteriorating Reef Systems, Josephine Lalita, Lyla Lemari, Aa

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Small Island nations such as the Marshall Islands (RMI) have limited resources. In order to provide food to its population of about 60,000, the Marshallese have had to replace traditional food with foreign imports. A result of this is the prevalence of obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The most common NCD is diabetes. Diabetic patients are encouraged to follow strict diets that include mostly traditional, local food such as fish; however, because of environmental factors, fish populations are threatened.

The objective of this study was to understand the relationship between healthy reefs, healthy fish populations and the health of communities …

Aspartame: An Investigation Of The Use Of Artificial Sweeteners, Carlson John, Alvin Page, Bsc

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Aspartame is an artificial, non-saccharide sweetener used as a sugar substitute in many foods and beverages. Aspartame is two hundred times sweeter than regular sugar. Many people prefer to use artificial sweeteners like aspartame as it does not affect blood sugar in the same way as natural sweeteners, does not promote tooth decay, and has been shown to be beneficial in weight control. However, it has also been linked with the development or aggravation of diabetes mellitus, convulsions, headaches, depression, hypertension, arthritis, and other medical conditions. We hypothesize that natural sweeteners are healthier than artificial sweeteners, like Splenda.

Artificial sweeteners …

Β-Cell Plasticity, Ahmed A. Shoaib, Mohammed A. Farahat, Nabil A. El-Kafrawy

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective: The aim of this study was to present the current trends and methodologies in the preservation of the β-cell function by targeting the β-cell mass. Data sources: Medical text books and also the ScienceDirect database were searched from the start date of the database and a search was performed on January 2014 with no language restrictions. Data selection: The selected articles are systematic reviews and experimental studies that address the β-cell plasticity and the β-cell mass and plasticity. Data extraction: Extraction was performed according to the quality, validity, and originality of the selected reviews and studies that fulfilled the …

Osteoprotegerin In Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Microalbuminuria, Gehan K. El-Saeed, Rawaby A. Atta, Said S. Ahmed Khamis, Seham Khodeer

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objectives: The aim or the study is to study the role of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients with microalbuminuria as an early marker of atherosclerosis. Background: OPG is a bone-related glycopeptide produced by vascular smooth muscle cells because of arterial damage. OPG is a glycoprotein that is part of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily mainly involved in bone metabolism, but it is also found in various other tissues such as vascular smooth muscle cells. Participants and methods: The study included 80 individuals divided into three groups: group I included 20 T2DM patients without microalbuminuria, group II …

Muscle Mir-27a Is Decreased During Diabetes And Is Regulated By Calcineurin Signaling, E. Muñoz, A. Folk, J. Rahnert, X. Wang, S. Price, J. Jeka, J. Park, M. Hudson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Please refer to the pdf version of the abstract located adjacent to the title.

Facilitators And Barriers To Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Among Rural African American Adults, Dina Byers, Katy Garth, Dana Manley, Diane Chlebowy

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify facilitators and barriers to self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among African American adults living in rural communities. Research indicates that African Americans experience higher rates of T2DM and diabetes-related complications than other ethnic groups. In Kentucky, diabetes is now the fourth leading cause of death by disease among African Americans.

Methods: Twenty-two African American adults with T2DM were recruited from three churches in rural communities in Kentucky. Three focus groups were conducted to identify factors that made managing diabetes easier (facilitators) and factors that made managing diabetes more …

Racial Disparities In Outcomes Following Kidney Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience, Vani Nilakantan, Maharaj Singh, Ruth M. Perez, Yang Shi, Ahmed Dalmar, Brittany T. Last, Ajay Sahajpal

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose

Kidney transplantation remains the best treatment option for end-stage renal disease. However, despite overall improvements in patient and graft survival rates after kidney transplantation, differences in outcomes still exist among different racial and ethnic groups, with African-Americans having lower graft survival. Gaps continue to exist in the understanding of how demographic factors contribute to the varying outcomes among racial/ethnic groups.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated kidney transplant outcomes in four racial/ethnic groups over a 12-year period at a large tertiary care center. Primary and secondary study outcomes were patient and graft survival across groups. To determine factors that might predict …

Effects Of A Self-Management Educational Program On Metabolic Control In Type 2 Diabetes, Hosein Ali Sadeghian, Sri Venkata Madu, Kamal Agrawal, Aanjor Tupil Kannan, Kireet Agrawal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: India has 63 million diabetic people and the overall prevalence of diabetes in this country is 8.37%. Lifestyle modification by education is the most cost-effective strategy to have better metabolic control. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a self-management educational program on control of type 2 diabetes Materials and methods: It was a randomized controlled interventional study conducted among 306 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Diabetic Clinic at G.T.B. Hospital, Delhi, from March 2010 to May 2013. The intervention was in the form of group education based on a self-management program, …

Analysis Of Diabetes-Related Cerebellar Changes In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Nuri̇ye Güzi̇n Özdemi̇r, Feray Akbaş, Tuğba Koti̇l, Adem Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy has been extensively studied and reported, but the number of studies that have investigated diabetes-related changes in the central nervous system are limited, with even fewer studies on the cerebellum. The aim of this experimental study was to perform a histologic analysis of the diabetes-related changes in the cerebellums of diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Twenty Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 200 and 220 g were included in the study. Diabetes was induced in 14 of these rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin dissolved in saline, while 6 animals constituted the control …

Effects Of Crocin On Experimental Obesity And Type-2 Diabetes, Ömer Hazman, Laçi̇ne Aksoy, Ahmet Büyükben

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study is to scrutinize the effects of crocin on obesity and type-2 diabetes, with an approach that takes oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters into account. Materials and methods: The experimental obesity model was created by utilizing a 10-week-long high-fat diet (HFD). An experimental type-2 diabetes model was created by injecting multiple low-dose streptozocin (STZ) injections into rats that were fed with the HFD. The treatment groups were administered a daily crocin dose of 150 mg/kg for 6 weeks via gavage. Results: Findings of the study demonstrated that crocin could be effective in relieving the symptoms …