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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
An Analysis On Whether Or Not Baldness Can Be Reversed, Spencer Waldman
An Analysis On Whether Or Not Baldness Can Be Reversed, Spencer Waldman
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Many men experiencing hair loss often wonder: is there a cure? Can I get my hair regrown? This thesis addresses these very issues, the anatomy of the pilosebaceous hair, the hair growth cycle, and the suggested causes of male pattern hair loss are examined. Finally, the various drugs that have been suggested to reduce hair loss and even cause hair regrowth are reviewed. After examining the various treatments, it can be concluded with reasonable certainty that hair loss can be halted and often reversed by using FDA approved drugs finasteride and minoxidil. Other drugs such as ketoconazole and dutasteride have …
Mechanical Factors Affecting Heart Morphogenesis, Moshe Fenster
Mechanical Factors Affecting Heart Morphogenesis, Moshe Fenster
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
For years, the genetic element of heart morphogenesis has been studied. This review focuses on a relatively new area of study, namely, mechanical factors influencing heart morphogenesis. To understand the context of the role of mechanical factors in heart development, an extensive review of the stages of heart morphogenesis is provided. It is found that shear stress, surface tension, fluid forces, and contractions of certain cells play a role in various stages of heart development. Numerous studies have shown that in cases where these mechanical forces were modified, abnormal heart defects were produced. These studies prove that the mechanical forces …
From Squirrels To Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Cbt): The Modulation Of The Hippocampus, Rachel Ariella Bartfeld
From Squirrels To Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Cbt): The Modulation Of The Hippocampus, Rachel Ariella Bartfeld
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The legitimacy of psychotherapy can often be thrown into doubt as its mechanisms of action are generally considered hazy and unquantifiable. One way to support the effectiveness of therapy would be to demonstrate the physical effects that this treatment option can have on the brain, just like psychotropic medications that physically alter the brain’s construction leaving no doubt as to the potency of their effects. Beginning with the understanding of therapy as a behavior, this paper first questions the possibility of behavior effecting measurable change on the brain. Examining diverse samples of both animals and humans repeatedly shows that the …
Vigorous Exercise Effect On Cardiovascular Health, Aryeh Mahana
Vigorous Exercise Effect On Cardiovascular Health, Aryeh Mahana
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Many studies examine the effects of vigorous cardiovascular exercise on the heart. Intense exercise causes frequent muscle contractions in the heart and specific biomarkers that usually signify a myocardial infarction are released into the bloodstream. However, studies indicate that there might not be a correlation between the release of biomarkers and cardiac function. Another study shows that long term vigorous exercise negatively affects the heart by dramatically increasing the mass and volume of the right and left ventricles, thereby resulting in hypertrophy. The cardiac hypertrophy is still evident even after the subjects have stopped exercising. Cardiac hypertrophy results in myocardial …
The Hormones Of The Placenta, Shaya Oratz
The Hormones Of The Placenta, Shaya Oratz
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The human pregnancy begins with fertilization and implantation. As the embryo evolves and develops within the uterus of the mother, the placenta is formed. The placenta is a transient organ that develops to meet and accommodate specific needs during pregnancy. Its two major functions are the exchange of nutrients and gases between the mother and fetus and its role as an endocrine unit. Through the production and release of many hormones the placenta works to regulate the many necessary physiological changes in the mother in order to maintain the pregnancy, meet the needs of the developing fetus and prepare the …
Bioengineered Hearts, Rivky Loeb
Bioengineered Hearts, Rivky Loeb
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Heart disease is one of the highest causes for fatality in the world. Although many such diseases can be treated by a heart transplant, this in itself can cause countless problems. Aside from the high demand for donor hearts, there is the risk of the patient’s immune system rejecting the transplanted heart. A bioengineered heart would reduce the need for donor hearts, and thus save countless lives. Finding a suitable scaffold, obtaining appropriate cells, and ensuring that the tissue will function properly are the main focuses in creating an artificial heart. While most of the studies done have been concentrated …
Stem Cells As A Cure For Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Chaya K. Hirsch
Stem Cells As A Cure For Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Chaya K. Hirsch
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disease which affects approximately 30,000 Americans at any given time (alsa.org, 2010). The etiology of this terminal disease unfortunately remains an unsolved mystery and has therefore severely limited the ability to find a cure. The use of stem cells to regenerate neurons has been vastly studied and have produced very promising results. However, its practicality as a cure or treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS, is greatly compromised. Three different therapies involving stem cells were examined, Embryonic Stem Cells (ESC), induced pluripotent stem cells, (iPSC) and direct reprogramming of adult …
Apoptotic Neurodegeneration In The Developing Human Brain: Possible Role Of General Anesthetics In Its Genesis, And Of L-Carnitine In Its Reversal, Yisroel Yitzchok Rosenfeld
Apoptotic Neurodegeneration In The Developing Human Brain: Possible Role Of General Anesthetics In Its Genesis, And Of L-Carnitine In Its Reversal, Yisroel Yitzchok Rosenfeld
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Recent studies suggest that general anesthetic (GA) agents administered to developing rats, through its mechanism as an NMDA antagonist or a GABAa mimetic, may damage developing neural cells by inducing a higher rate of programmed cell death (apoptosis). Similar heightened degeneration was also apparent in higher primates such as the monkey. This warrants strong concern, as every year thousands of pregnant women and children below 1 year of age undergo a surgical procedure in which GAs are used. A spike in neuroapoptosis may lead to long term cognitive deficiencies lingering into adulthood. Are humans vulnerable to these affects? Different pathways …
The Effects Of Emotional Experiences On Memory Processing, Naomi Berkowitz
The Effects Of Emotional Experiences On Memory Processing, Naomi Berkowitz
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Neural regions, specifically the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex overlap in functions of emotion and memory, indicating a degree of interrelatedness between the two functions. Lesions in medial temporal lobe regions result in an impairment of memory processes specific to emotional stimuli. Additionally, amygdala activity is increased for all valence memory as opposed to neutral. Arousal levels of high and low valence memories affect the pathway for encoding in the brain, and determine the vividness and episodic detail with which a memory will be recorded. The amygdala-hippocampal network is involved in high arousal memory, while a prefrontal cortex-hippocampal network is …
Molecular Mechanism Of Xy Gonadal Dysgenesis, Griendy Indig-Weingarten
Molecular Mechanism Of Xy Gonadal Dysgenesis, Griendy Indig-Weingarten
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
One of the fundamentals of human sociology is the characterization of the people around us based on gender. We tend to think of gender as a strict binary system where the option is clear: boy or girl. Although society usually honors this dichotomy, biology allows more flexibility to the definition of male versus female. Estimates state that one in every 2000 births is one with a disorder of sex development (The Intersex Society of North America 2006). Some of the disorders are visually obvious while others are only discovered later on in life. Regardless of when the disease first becomes …
The Effect Of Melatonin On The Ovaries, Jaclyn Starr
The Effect Of Melatonin On The Ovaries, Jaclyn Starr
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Melatonin is a very small molecule whose effects can be both detrimental and beneficial to the ovaries depending on its concentration. Too much of anything is usually not good and so is the case with melatonin. Very high doses can be damaging, but in the right amount melatonin may be able to combat various diseases and increase the chances for fertility in women.
Cardiac Jelly And Its Roles In Heart Development, Sara Zucker
Cardiac Jelly And Its Roles In Heart Development, Sara Zucker
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The following is the introduction to this article: The complexity of the developing and functioning heart has always intrigued scientists. One of the many ambiguous areas in the understanding of cardiac development is the role of a gelatinous substance commonly referred to as cardiac jelly, (Davis, 1924) and more recently the myocardial basement membrane (Little and Rongish, 1995). Researchers have been studying this material to determine its roles. Their studies led them to believe that this jelly-like substance may be involved in vital embryological roles including the actual morphogenesis of the heart, such as heart valve formation and pumping. When …
Cardiac Tissue Regeneration - The Use Of Stem Cells, Chavy Friedlander
Cardiac Tissue Regeneration - The Use Of Stem Cells, Chavy Friedlander
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The following is the introduction to the article: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of illness and fatality. Diseases such as coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction and subsequent congestive heart failure pose a serious problem to much of the population in the Unites States and all over the world. The heart’s compromised function that results from the above conditions is so influential as the heart has little capacity to repair its lost tissue; once the cardiac myocytes are destroyed its effects are amplified by a drastic decrease in cardiac function. Until recently with the advent of stem cell technology, researchers …
The Nerve Cells Of The Retina, Penina Winkler
The Nerve Cells Of The Retina, Penina Winkler
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The visual pathway in the retina consists of a chain of different nerve cells. Light first travels through all the layers until it reaches the photoreceptor layer, the rod and cone layer. Rods and cones use photopigments, which contain opsin and a chromophore, to help them convert light into energy. This energy is then passed on to the horizontal and bipolar cells. Horizontal cells prevent the hyperpolarization of peripheral rods and cones if needed, and they receive color-coded signals from cones that they then continue along the optic pathway. Bipolar cells can be divided into rod bipolar cells and cone …