Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Labrad : Vol 47, Issue 2 - December 2022, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi

LABRAD

• From the Editor’s Desk
• Case Quiz
• Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography Clinical Usefulness of Biochemical Parameters in Prenatal Diagnosis of Down Syndrome In First and Second Trimester
• The Science of Efficiency in a Clinical Laboratory
• Updates in new WHO Blue Book
• Monkeypox vs. COVID-19
• From the Diary of a Researcher- Notes on Understanding Beta-Thalassemia and Metabolic Bone Disease
• Significance of Audit in a Clinical Laboratory
• Microsatellite Instability (MSI) Testing
• Pre-Analytical Variables Affecting Coagulation Testing
• Grading of Soft Tissue Sarcomas
• Recent Updates in 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms
• MMR and MSI Testing in Malignancies
• Transforming Pedagogical Framework of Pathology through Social …

Mammography Among Nepali New Americans, Rose Eiduson

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

This presentation describes an effort to increase uptake of mammograms among Nepali New Americans at the Community Health Centers of Burlington, VT. After interviewing the Medical Director and hearing from patients about barriers to mammography, an infographic and Powerpoint slide was created and will eventually be translated into Nepali. Future efforts to improve uptake of mammography could include a preventative care course for New Americans and/or a coordinator assigned to preventative care efforts.

Diagnosis Of Triple Negative Breast Cancer (Tnbc) Using Mammography, Sarah Mihalka

Medical Imaging Senior Posters

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a malignant, aggressive cancer that can affect men or women. Mammography is very helpful in diagnosing this type of cancer. The only option at this time for treatment for TNBC is cytotoxic chemotherapy. There is research being conducted to obtain more treatment options for patients. This is proving to be difficult because TNBC is negative for all hormone receptors. On a mammogram, this cancer may present as a lobulated mass with or without calcifications. This comes as a surprise because most masses present on a mammogram tend to be spiculated. This proves for an …

Diagnostic Imaging Of Inflammatory Carcinoma Of The Breast With Mammography And Sonography, Aubrey Bullock

Student Research Poster Presentations 2021

Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma (IBC) is a rare type of breast cancer with a high incidence of metastases that makes the breast tender, red, swollen, and sometimes exhibits an orange peel appearance. These type of cancer cells block lymph vessels in the skin of the breast and develops rapidly. Risks factors include sex, lifestyle, age, reproductive factors, race, obesity, and family history. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women. Approximately 1 in 8 women have a risk of developing breast cancer. The most accurate way to diagnose inflammatory breast carcinoma is via mammography and/or sonography. Mammography/and …

Comparing 2d Vs 3d Mammography In Breast Imaging, Kelsey Little

Student Research Poster Presentations 2021

This project offers a comparison of 2D digital mammography (DM) and 3D digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) to determine if one is more superior than the other in breast imaging. Types of mammography exams, different projections, breast cancer, equipment definitions, advantages, and disadvantages are also discussed. Breast cancer is one of the most common and most treatable types of cancer detected in women. Equipment is frequently evolving to better improve image quality and patient comfort. DM takes a stationary image of the compressed breast at one angle while DBT takes images in slices at multiple angles. This allows for better visualization …

Breast Lesion Localization: Savi Scout, Madison L. Keegan

Medical Imaging Senior Posters

Breast Lesion Localization: Savi Scout

Madison Keegan

Faculty Advisor: Dr. Elaine Halesey, Ed.D., R.T.(R)(QM)

The Savi Scout is a localization procedure used to help identify non-palpable breast lesions under mammographic or ultrasound guidance, by way of placement of a non-radioactive reflector through a delivery system. The modality of mammography uses screening and diagnostic exams by creating images of the breast to better visualize anatomy as well as possible lesions. The radiographic detail determines the type of breast tissue such as fatty, dense, or extremely dense and with age the tissue type can change. Non-palpable breast lesions are identified with imaging …

The Complexity Of Diagnosing Sclerosing Breast Adenosis, Lauren Sokirka

Medical Imaging Senior Posters

The Complexity of Diagnosing Sclerosing Breast Adenosis

Lauren Sokirka

Dr. Elaine Halesey, Ed.D., R.T.(R)(QM)

Abstract

This project explains the research conducted on the complexity of sclerosing breast adenosis and the specific findings that can lead to a misdiagnosis. Explanation of the disease, methods of diagnosis, case-studies, and risk factors are discussed. In addition, common presentations in misdiagnoses in imaging modalities such as MRI, mammography and ultrasound are included in this project. Sclerosing adenosis is dominantly found in women around the perimenopausal age and usually does not show any symptoms. When the breast is imaged through multiple modalities, the presentation of …

Breast Density Awareness, Alyssa Acker

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

Breast density refers to the amount of fibrous and glandular tissue in comparison to fatty tissue demonstrated on a mammogram. A woman’s breast density is significant because as the density of the tissue increases, the woman’s risk for developing breast cancer increases and the more challenging for microcalcifications or lesions to be seen on mammography images. The Mammography Quality Standards Act, requires radiologists or imaging facilities to send each patient a written summary of their mammogram report and communicate to the patient if their results suggest further imaging. In addition to this requirement, 38 states that have passed a Breast …

Diagnosis Of Gynecomastia Utilizing Mammography, Dempsey Hollenbeck

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

Mammography is a low dose radiographic imaging of the breast tissue. Screening and diagnostic mammography are both utilized to examine breast tissue, however diagnostic mammography is only performed on patients presenting with symptoms. Gynecomastia is a benign enlargement of male breast tissue that may occur at any age. Gynecomastia is often idiopathic, but there are multiple possible causes involving hormones, conditions, medications, and substances. Gynecomastia presents radiographically different depending on how long it has been present in the body. The different diagnosis patterns are early dendritic, late dendritic, and diffuse glandular. Many pathologies in the male breast present similarly on …

Breast Imaging: Comparison Of Mammography, Ultrasound, And Mri, Samantha Coleman

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

Breast imaging is an integral medical examination for both screening and diagnosis of breast disease. Through literature review and use of a case study comparing mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the research illustrates the essential role of each imaging modality in differentiating breast tissue characteristics that lend to rendering a diagnosis. The case study showcases an example of mammography being the first choice of imaging with ultrasound and MRI utilized to further characterize the findings seen on mammography. For effective patient management, biopsy is required for final diagnosis of pathology with ultrasound as the preferred modality for guidance …

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis For Dense Breasts, Emily Kerbaugh

Medical Imaging Senior Posters

Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), also referred to as three-dimensional digital mammography provides a new technique that can aid in dense breast imaging. Mammography is the process of creating images of the breast for screening and diagnostic purposes by using low dose radiation. Screening mammograms are performed once a patient is age forty and then annually after that. It is used to provide an earlier detection of breast cancer for a better chance of survival. Diagnostic mammograms are performed when a patient has a strong family history of breast cancer or clinical evidence, such as, a breast lump. Most cancerous lesions …

Interventional Breast Imaging, Agripina Torres

Medical Imaging Senior Posters

Interventional breast imaging is essential in the diagnosis of abnormal findings in the breast tissue. Interventional breast imaging began as an open excision; the breast was biopsied through a surgical procedure that required the whole breast to be excised, thus allowing a sample of the breast tissue to be obtained. With this type of biopsy, the patient would have a longer recovery time, a higher cost, and, in some cases, unnecessary excisions. Image guided breast intervention, however, has led to the decline of open excisions. Biopsies performed under the guidance of an imaging modality allow breast interventions to be safe, …

Evaluating The Effects Of Contraceptive Use On Breast Pathology And Tissue Density Using Digital Breast Tomosynthesis, Madison Fleischman

Student Research Poster Presentations 2020

This poster discusses how the long-term use of hormonal contraceptives can affect breast density and pathology, and the efficiency of 3-Dimensional (3D) mammography in evaluating dense breast tissue and detecting these pathologies. The results of research on long term use of estrogen-based hormonal birth control and its effect on breast tissue density and the risk of breast cancer, the relationship between breast tissue density and risk of breast cancer, and the efficiency of 3D vs. 2-dimensional (2D) mammography in screening dense breast tissue and identifying breast pathology are presented. Results of the studies show that long-term exposure to hormonal contraceptives …

Oncolog, Volume 63, Number 01, January 2018, Bryan Tutt

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Immunotherapy for Genitourinary Cancers: Clinical trials explore immune checkpoint inhibitors for bladder, kidney, prostate cancers
• Active Surveillance for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: COMET trial compares frequent mammography to standard treatment with surgery
• Radiation Plus Chemotherapy for Nasal NK T Cell Lymphoma: Clinical trial may standardize treatment for rare cancer
• HOUSE CALL: Mammography Is Essential for Breast cancer Screening- FDA warns against clinics that advertise screening without mammography
• USEFULRESOURCES: Videoconferences Allow Collaboration in Cancer Prevention, Treatment, Survivorship

Breast Density Notification: A Primary Care Summary, Nicole Lin Mendelson

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

On January 15^th, 2017 Vermont Senate Bill 157 took effect requiring healthcare facilities that perform mammography to provide patients information that identifies their individual breast tissue classification. 40-50% of women fall into the category of having increased breast density. Increased breast density reduces the sensitivity of mammography and increases the chance that cancer will not be detected. Additionally, women who have dense breasts are at an increased risk for developing breast cancer. Supplemental screening provides an opportunity to increase detection of breast cancer, but comes with an increased rate of false positives. With this new law in place, …

Oncolog Volume 55, Number 02, February 2010, Joe Munch, John Lebas

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Risk-Based Cancer Screening: M.D. Anderson's revised guidelines offer more precise individualized recommendations on screening for common cancers.
• Screen Guidelines INBRIEF
• Electronic Navigatin Biopsy for Peripheral Lung Lesion Diagnosis
• House Call: Couples and Cancer: Cancer-Related Issues Can Disrupt Relationships
• INBRIEF: Researchers Find Glioblastoma's Resistance to Treatment Rooted in Immunosuppression

Oncolog Volume 51, Number 02, February 2006, Sunni Hosemann, Ellen Mcdonald Phd

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Emergency Care for Cancer Patients
• Bringing Clinical Trials to the Community
• House Call: Understanding the Immune System
• DiaLog: Cognitive Dysfunction in Cancer, by Christina Meyers, PhD, Professor and Chief, Section of Neuropsychology

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 12, December 2007, Sunni Hosemann, Diane Witter, Huong Le-Petross Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Worth More than a Thousand Words\
• A Step Forward for Stents
• House Call: Getting the Most From Your Doctor Visit
• DiaLog: Is MRI Better for Breast Screening?, by Huong Le-Petross, MD

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 10, October 2004, Dawn Chalaire, Sunni Hosemann, David Galloway, Karen Basen-Engquist Phd, Mph

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Treating Head and Neck Cancer Requires Extraordinary Coordination Among Disciplines
• Researchers Seek to Understand the Mysteries of Uterine Cancer and to Find Better Treatments
• Mammography vs. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Breast Cancer Prevention Specialist and a Radiologist Weigh in on the Recent Debate
• House Call: The Role of Alcohol and Tobacco in Head and Neck Cancer
• DiaLog: Sexuality after Gynecologic Cancer, by Karen Basen-Engquist, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Behavioral Health

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 02, February 2004, Sunni Hosemann, Aurelio Matamoros

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Colorectal Cancer Screening: Encouraging Compliance Today and Looking to the Future
• Despite Its Drawbacks, Mammography Is Still Recommended
• Communication Is Essential When Guiding Patients through the Maze of Genetic Breast Cancer Screening
• House Call: Cancer Epidemiology, Step-by-Step
• DiaLog: On Being a Volunteer, by Anderson Network volunteer

Oncolog, Volume 46, Number 10, October 2001, Dawn Chalaire, Kerry L. Wright, Mary K. Hughes Ms, Rn

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Surgical Techniques, New Agents Target Breast Disease with Increasing Accuracy
• Undiagnosed Breast Clinic Provides Answers for Concerned Patients
• House Call: Tips for Coping with the Cosmetic Effects of Breast Cancer
• DiaLog: Breast Cancer and Body Image, by Mary K. Hughes, MS, RN, Department of Psychiatry
• New Screening and Diagnostic Techniques Are Changing the Practice of Breast Imaging

Oncolog, Volume 46, Number 09, September 2001, Beth Notzon, Kerry L. Wright, Renato Lenzi Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Completing the Job: Multidisciplinary Effort Restores Form and Function, Improves Patients' Quality of Life
• House Call: Denial and Cancer
• Protocols: Studies Examine Treatments for Glioma
• DiaLog: Addressing the Problem of Patients' Denial, by Renato Lenzi, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology
• New Replication-Competent Adenovirus Shows Promise against Gliomas in Preclinical Studies

Oncolog, Volume 45, Number 11, November 2000, Rebecca Gershenson Smith, Kerry L. Wright, Kris Muller, Sima Jeha Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Program Addresses Medical, Psychosocial Needs of Young People with Cancer
• DiaLog: Coming of Age ... with Cancer, by Sima Jeha, MD, Medical Director, Adolescent and Young Adult Program
• House Call: Cancer Screening: Early Detection Does Make a Difference
• Endostatin: Phase I Trial Yields Promising Preliminary Results
• Molecular Radiosensitizers Target Proliferation and Apoptosis Pathways in Tumor Cells

Oncolog, Volume 44, Number 09, September 1999, Dawn Chalaire, Alison Rufffin, Vickie J. Williams, Aman Buzdar Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Cautious Approach to Soft Tissue Sarcoma Yields More Favorable Outcomes
• What's to Eat? Encouraging children to eat well for a healthier future
• Orthopaedic Surgeons Save Limbs, Restore Function for Patients with Bone Tumors
• DiaLog: High-Dose Chemotherapy Deserves More Study, by Aman Buzdar, MD, Professor, Department of Breast Medical Oncology
• House Call: Breast Cancer: Understanding the Risks
• Protocols: Sarcoma/Osteosarcoma Clinical Trials

Oncolog, Volume 44, Number 06, June 1999, Jude Richard, Michael Courtney, Alison Rufffin, Dawn Chalaire

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• After Diagnosis, Another Hurdle: Cancer Screening for the Cancer Patient
• House Call: Reduce Cancer Risk With Regular Cancer Screening
• M. D. Anderson Participates in Multinational Breast Cancer Prevention Trial of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene
• Nerve Grafting Attempts to Restore Erectile Function After Prostatectomy
• M. D. Anderson Researchers Study Children's School Lunch Habits and Choices

Oncolog, Volume 44, Number 03, March 1999, Dawn Chalaire, Beth W. Allen, Alison Rufffin

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Vaccines, Other New Options Expand Renal Cancer Therapy Program
• Thirteen-story Alkek Hospital Makes Debut
• Training Takes Prevention and Early Detection Worldwide
• Nephrectomy Before or After Systemic Therapy­--That Is the Question
• House Call: Alcohol and Cancer: Making Sense of a Cocktail of Risks and Benefits
• Protocols: Renal Cell Carcinoma Trials Offer Therapies for Treated and Untreated Patients
• Compass: New Quarterly Supplement Offers Perspectives on Clinical Guidelines

Oncolog, Volume 44, Number 01, January 1999, Stephanie Deming, Lewis Foxhall M.D., Sunni Hosemann, Beth W. Allen

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Innovative PET Camera Readied for Tumor Detection Trials
• House Call: How to Talk With Your Doctor
• Community Physicians: Important Partners With M. D. Anderson
• DiaLog: Liaison Program Strives to Enhance Access, by Lewis Foxhall, MD, Associate Vice President for Health Policy
• Fatigue: The Multidimensional Side Effect
• High Resolution, High Sensitivity, and Variable Field of View Set MDACAM Apart

Oncolog, Volume 43, Number 08, August 1998, Don Norwood, David Bababian, Beth W. Allen, Allison Ruffin, Stephen P. Tomasovic Phd

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma therapy innovations improve patient response
• Tamoxifen helps women escape breast cancer's shadow
• Careful inspection, early detection important in controlling oral cancer
• Protocols: Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Protocols Feature Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Monoclonal Antibodies
• House Call: Americans’ Appetite for Alternative Medicine: Is It a Safe Diet?
• DiaLog: Comprehensive in More Ways than One, by Stephen P. Tomosovic, PhD, Associate Vice President for Educational Programs

Oncolog, Volume 43, Number 07, July 1998, Sunita Patterson, Beth W. Allen, Sunni Hosemann, Porter Storey Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Palliative care outreach extends to all patients, providing a way station for cancer-weary travelers
• Understanding the lure and promise of angiogenesis inhibition
• House Call: Mammography: An Opportunity to Detect Breast Cancer Early
• DiaLog: When Treatments Fail: What Physicians Can Do, What Patients Can Teach, by Porter Storey, MD, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Medicine

Oncolog, Volume 43, Number 05, May 1998, Beth Notzon, Geoffrey Robb Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Careful examinations and sentinel node mapping bolster melanoma detection and staging
• M. D. Anderson plastic surgeons restore hope along with function and appearance
• Protocols: Clinical Trials Offer Treatment for Advanced Melanoma
• House Call: Keep Skins—and Cancer—Under Wraps During Summer
• DiaLog: Reconstructing More than the Breast, by Geoffrey Robb, MD, Director, Surgical Specialties Center