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Double The Battle: Two Cases Of Irreversible Endocrinopathies In Patients Already Fighting Metastatic Cancer., Olesya Petrenko, Nicholas L Stucky
Double The Battle: Two Cases Of Irreversible Endocrinopathies In Patients Already Fighting Metastatic Cancer., Olesya Petrenko, Nicholas L Stucky
Providence Portland Medical Center Internal Medicine 2021
INTRODUCTION: Emergence of cancer immunotherapy has instigated a new era in field of oncology and revolutionized treatment of cancer. In 2011, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) gained approval for treatment of advanced solid and hematological malignancies and have had remarkable results. Since being released, new cases of irreversible endocrine adverse events are increasingly becoming reported and leave patients with a new life-long diagnosis after battling metastatic cancer.
Discussion • 6 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) approved: •CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4) inhibitor Ipilimumab •PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) inhibitors nivolumab, pembrolizumab •PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand 1) inhibitors atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab …