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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Musculoskeletal Injury In Military Special Operations Forces: A Systematic Review, Joanne Stannard, L. Fortington Jul 2021

Musculoskeletal Injury In Military Special Operations Forces: A Systematic Review, Joanne Stannard, L. Fortington

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Introduction: Special Operations Forces conduct military activities using specialised and unconventional techniques that offer a unique and complementary capability to conventional forces. These activities expose Special Operations Forces personnel to different injury risks in comparison with personnel in the conventional forces. Consequently, different injury patterns are expected in this population. The purpose of this research is to establish high-level evidence informing what is known about musculoskeletal injury epidemiology in Special Operations Forces. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using three online databases to identify …


The Effects Of Acute Exercise On Bone Turnover Markers In Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Cassandra Smith, Alexander Tacey, Jakub Mesinovic, David Scott, Xuzhu Lin, Tara C. Brennan-Speranza, Joshua R. Lewis, Gustavo Duque, Itamar Levinger Feb 2021

The Effects Of Acute Exercise On Bone Turnover Markers In Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Cassandra Smith, Alexander Tacey, Jakub Mesinovic, David Scott, Xuzhu Lin, Tara C. Brennan-Speranza, Joshua R. Lewis, Gustavo Duque, Itamar Levinger

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. Background: Bone turnover is the cellular machinery responsible for bone integrity and strength and, in the clinical setting, it is assessed using bone turnover markers (BTMs). Acute exercise can induce mechanical stress on bone which is needed for bone remodelling, but to date, there are conflicting results in regards to the effects of varying mechanical stimuli on BTMs. Objectives: This systematic review examines the effects of acute aerobic, resistance and impact exercises on BTMs in middle and older-aged adults and examines whether the responses are determined by the exercise mode, intensity, age and sex. Methods: We …


Effects Of Spaceflight On Musculoskeletal Health: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Considerations For Interplanetary Travel, Paul Comfort, John J. Mcmahon, Paul A. Jones, Matthew Cuthbert, Kristina Kendall, Jason P. Lake, G. Gregory Haff Jan 2021

Effects Of Spaceflight On Musculoskeletal Health: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Considerations For Interplanetary Travel, Paul Comfort, John J. Mcmahon, Paul A. Jones, Matthew Cuthbert, Kristina Kendall, Jason P. Lake, G. Gregory Haff

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: If interplanetary travel is to be successful over the coming decades, it is essential that countermeasures to minimize deterioration of the musculoskeletal system are as effective as possible, given the increased duration of spaceflight associated with such missions. The aim of this review, therefore, is to determine the magnitude of deconditioning of the musculoskeletal system during prolonged spaceflight and recommend possible methods to enhance the existing countermeasures. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Ovid and Scopus databases. 5541 studies were identified prior to the removal of duplicates and the application of the following inclusion criteria: (1) group …


Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Of Muscle Weakness Identifies 15 Susceptibility Loci In Older Men And Women, Garan Jones, Katerina Trajanoska, Adam J. Santanasto, Najada Stringa, Chia-Ling Kuo, Janice L. Atkins, Joshua R. Lewis, Thuyvy Duong, Shengjun Hong, Mary L. Biggs, Jian’An Luan, Chloe Sarnowski, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Toshiko Tanaka, Mary K. Wojczynski, Ryan Cvejkus, Maria Nethander, Sahar Ghasemi, Jingyun Yang, M. Carola Zillikens, Stefan Walter, Kamil Sicinski, Erika Kague, Cheryl L. Ackert-Bicknell, Dan E. Arking, B. Gwen Windham, Eric Boerwinkle Jan 2021

Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Of Muscle Weakness Identifies 15 Susceptibility Loci In Older Men And Women, Garan Jones, Katerina Trajanoska, Adam J. Santanasto, Najada Stringa, Chia-Ling Kuo, Janice L. Atkins, Joshua R. Lewis, Thuyvy Duong, Shengjun Hong, Mary L. Biggs, Jian’An Luan, Chloe Sarnowski, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Toshiko Tanaka, Mary K. Wojczynski, Ryan Cvejkus, Maria Nethander, Sahar Ghasemi, Jingyun Yang, M. Carola Zillikens, Stefan Walter, Kamil Sicinski, Erika Kague, Cheryl L. Ackert-Bicknell, Dan E. Arking, B. Gwen Windham, Eric Boerwinkle

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2021, The Author(s). Low muscle strength is an important heritable indicator of poor health linked to morbidity and mortality in older people. In a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of 256, 523 Europeans aged 60 years and over from 22 cohorts we identify 15 loci associated with muscle weakness (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People definition: n = 48,596 cases, 18.9% of total), including 12 loci not implicated in previous analyses of continuous measures of grip strength. Loci include genes reportedly involved in autoimmune disease (HLA-DQA1p = 4 × 10−17), arthritis (GDF5p = 4 × 10−13), cell cycle …