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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Evaluating The Health Impacts Of Fruit And Vegetable Intake At The Individual Level And Food Pantry Level Among Food Pantry Users, Jiacheng Chen
Evaluating The Health Impacts Of Fruit And Vegetable Intake At The Individual Level And Food Pantry Level Among Food Pantry Users, Jiacheng Chen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background: Chronic diseases impose heavy burdens on individuals and the healthcare system in the US. Many factors were found to be associated with chronic diseases, including demographics, family history, social environmental factors, and individual behavioral factors such as diet and physical activity. Among those factors, fruit and vegetable intake can have substantial health impacts via a variety of causal pathways. Fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption is generally lower among individuals living in households experiencing food insecurity and rely on food assistance programs. Decreased F&V intake among food pantry users may negatively impact health. However, conducting quantitative analysis on this population …
Metabolic Alterations And Cardiovascular Risk After Hepatitis C Cure In Subjects With Or At Risk For Hiv, Christophe Maxime Fokoua Dongmo
Metabolic Alterations And Cardiovascular Risk After Hepatitis C Cure In Subjects With Or At Risk For Hiv, Christophe Maxime Fokoua Dongmo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection engenders substantial metabolic changes. These changes are altered when the virus is cleared after successful treatment. We measured these metabolic alterations that occur after HCV cure; further, we assessed whether these alterations differed in subgroups defined by patients’ characteristics.
The Media Discourses On Organ Donation And Transplantation In Spain (1954-2020) And Their Implications For Spanish Nationalism, Rebeca Herrero Sáenz
The Media Discourses On Organ Donation And Transplantation In Spain (1954-2020) And Their Implications For Spanish Nationalism, Rebeca Herrero Sáenz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Spain has been the global leader in organ donation and transplantation since 1992, an achievement that has become a source of national pride, in a country where national symbols are heavily contested. In this dissertation I examine the changing meanings that organ donation and transplantation have acquired in contemporary Spain, focusing specifically on their implications for different aspects of Spanish nationalism. To do so, I employ a modified version computational grounded theory, a mixed-methods approach that combines topic modeling with interpretive analysis, to identify and interpret the narratives around organ donation and transplantation circulated by the Spanish press between 1954 …
Treating Anonymous Patients : The Effectiveness, Costs, And Strategies Of Promoting The Use Of Expedited Partner Therapy, Andre Kiesel
Treating Anonymous Patients : The Effectiveness, Costs, And Strategies Of Promoting The Use Of Expedited Partner Therapy, Andre Kiesel
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Despite decades of concerted efforts to prevent their spread, chlamydia andgonorrhea remain two of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections in the United States (U.S.) — exacting a high toll in terms of human health and healthcare expenditure. Though easily cured with antibiotics, both infections may lead to damaging secondary health conditions – known as sequelae – if untreated, including infertility among females. However, treating diagnosed individuals (known as “index patients”) is not enough—it is critical to also care for their recent sex partners as well, lest they reinfect the treated patient. Partner referral is the traditional approach to partner …
Understanding Deaths Of Despair In Us Counties Through Bourdieu's Theory Of Capital, Seulki Kim
Understanding Deaths Of Despair In Us Counties Through Bourdieu's Theory Of Capital, Seulki Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The overarching goal of this dissertation is to examine a recent rise in rates of deaths from suicide, alcohol, and drugs, labeled together as “deaths of despair” in the United States using Bourdieu’s theory of capital. Although the deaths of despair phenomenon is a product of a complex process related to various material and non-material factors, there is no theoretical framework that is able to account for different domains of predictors. Thus, this dissertation aims to fill this gap by drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of capital and systematically investigating the relationships of mortality rates attributed to suicide, alcohol, and opioid …
U.S. Health Professionals' Perspectives On Orthorexia Nervosa : Clinical Utility, Measurement And Diagnosis, And Perceived Influence Of Sociocultural Factors, Christina Sanzari
U.S. Health Professionals' Perspectives On Orthorexia Nervosa : Clinical Utility, Measurement And Diagnosis, And Perceived Influence Of Sociocultural Factors, Christina Sanzari
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Purpose: The current study aimed to investigate United States (U.S.) health professionals’ perspectives on if and how Orthorexia nervosa (ON) should be classified, replicating and expanding upon a previous study in a U.S. sample. Method: Participants (n=100) were U.S. health professionals with experience working clinically with eating disorders, including trainees, Ph.D. psychologists, social workers and master’s level clinicians, and medical health professionals. After reviewing the proposed ON criteria, participants responded to questions regarding the clinical utility of ON, diagnosis and measurement of the proposed condition, and sociocultural influence on the emergence of ON. Views of ON as a useful diagnostic …
Intolerance Of Uncertainty Specific To Compulsive Exercise : Development And Preliminary Validation Of The Exercise-Specific Intolerance Of Uncertainty Scale, Christina Scharmer
Intolerance Of Uncertainty Specific To Compulsive Exercise : Development And Preliminary Validation Of The Exercise-Specific Intolerance Of Uncertainty Scale, Christina Scharmer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Compulsive exercise is poorly understood and difficult to treat. Overlap between definitions of compulsive exercise, eating disorders and OCD suggests that conceptualizations of these disorders may include shared underlying mechanisms, including intolerance of uncertainty. Although intolerance of uncertainty is traditionally conceptualized as a non-specific construct representing an individual’s dispositional distress in the face of general uncertainty, identifying specific forms of intolerance of uncertainty may further assist in understanding the specific factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of problematic behaviors, including compulsive exercise. The current study aimed to develop an assessment instrument that captures exercise-specific variations in intolerance of …
Identifying Risk Factors For Hospitalization With Mental Illness And/Or Behavioral Disorders And Concurrent Temperature-Related Illness In New York State : A Cross-Sectional Study, Heather Aydin-Ghormoz
Identifying Risk Factors For Hospitalization With Mental Illness And/Or Behavioral Disorders And Concurrent Temperature-Related Illness In New York State : A Cross-Sectional Study, Heather Aydin-Ghormoz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background: In New York State (NYS), extreme heat events in the warm months (May – September) are expected to increase over the next 60 years. Additionally, NYS experiences extremely low temperatures in the colder months (October – April). Extreme temperature events are linked to increased emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and mortality for individuals with mental and behavioral disorders. This research aims to characterize individual and regional risk factors for mental and behavioral disorder hospitalizations with concurrent temperature-related illness in NYS. Methods: Using data from the NYS Statewide and Planning Research and Cooperative System between 2005 – 2019, multivariate log binomial …
Covid-19 And Digital Health Literacy In University Students / Narrative Competence And Cognitive Mapping As A Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy In The Education Of Emergent Bilinguals, Molly Kathleen Hadley
Covid-19 And Digital Health Literacy In University Students / Narrative Competence And Cognitive Mapping As A Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy In The Education Of Emergent Bilinguals, Molly Kathleen Hadley
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Early in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic became a global public health concern. College students became dependent on the online environment for learning, but also for receiving COVID-19 information. Understanding digital health literacy (DHL) in this unique population and subsequent prevention behaviors in a digitally connected population during a public health crisis is crucial to prepare for future pandemics. This study explored DHL in college students, their main sources of pandemic information and other information seeking behaviors, adherence to public health guidelines, and intentions to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. During the summer of 2020, 245 New York state college students completed …
The Communicative Capacities Of The Medical Discourse In Authoritarian Societies : The Case Of Aids In Iran, Elham Pourtaher
The Communicative Capacities Of The Medical Discourse In Authoritarian Societies : The Case Of Aids In Iran, Elham Pourtaher
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study explores the role of medical discourse in the Iranian formal public sphere. It examines how an epidemiological wave of HIV/AIDS—known as "the third wave"—highlighted nontraditional sexual behaviors in public and enabled a shift in policy and discourse by the Islamic Republic State. Through analyzing published content on HIV/AIDS from five major Iranian newspapers between 2009 and 2013, this study identified four competing narratives of the third wave which coexist and have a dynamic relationship with one another. First, the medical narrative warns of an unfolding public health crisis and provides a technical perspective to make sense of the …
Environmental Factors And Human Health Interactions : Ultrafine Particles, Temperature Variability, And Proximity To Power Stations, Ian Ryan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background: Air pollution leads to more than four million premature deaths worldwide and nearly 200,000 in the US each year. While there is extensive research relating PM2.5 to hospital visits for various health outcomes, there is relatively little research on ultrafine particles (UFPs), a particularly small and dangerous air pollutant. Another important exposure is temperature due to its association with dehydration, heat stress, and cardiovascular-related hospital admissions. However, relatively little research has been conducted on diurnal temperature range (DTR), or the range of temperature within a single day, which is an important indicator of climate change. Importantly, the interaction between …
Taking A User-Centered Design Approach To Develop A Data Dashboard For New York State Department Of Health And Implications For Improving The Usability Of Public Data Dashboards / Narrative Competence And Cognitive Mapping As A Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy In The Education Of Emergent Bilinguals, Bahareh Ansari
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In recent years, the increased availability of public data dashboards provided opportunities to democratize data access by summarizing large amounts of data into accessible snapshots to facilitate educational efforts and encourage evidence-based decision-making. However, many current practices have not reached their full potential because the dashboard design has not accounted for users’ needs and preferences. This dissertation employed the user-centered design framework with three studies. Study 1 investigated the usability problems of existing public health data dashboards through an expert review of existing dashboards on government websites. Study 2 established the requirements of a usable design for public health data …
Space Weather And Criminal Violence : A Longitudinal Analysis Of Major Us Urban Areas, Richard Mcmillan
Space Weather And Criminal Violence : A Longitudinal Analysis Of Major Us Urban Areas, Richard Mcmillan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The study of criminology began with the investigation of the physical features of humans committing crimes such as homicide. The study of space weather includes the investigation of the physiological manifestations of various forms of space weather on terrestrial-bound humans. These two fields of inquiry are joined in this investigation of the association of space weather with the incidence of criminal violence in the United States. This study of the possibility that a physical force emanating from the Sun or from outer space can affect human behavior in the form of criminal violence is part of a long search for …
Cis-Acting Super-Enhancer Lncrnas As Biomarkers To Early-Stage Breast Cancer, Ali Salman Ropri
Cis-Acting Super-Enhancer Lncrnas As Biomarkers To Early-Stage Breast Cancer, Ali Salman Ropri
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
Radical Trachelectomy For Invasive Cervical Cancer : A Pathway To Fertility For Some, But Not Without Repercussions, Erica Jamro-Comer
Radical Trachelectomy For Invasive Cervical Cancer : A Pathway To Fertility For Some, But Not Without Repercussions, Erica Jamro-Comer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
BackgroundRadical trachelectomy (RT) is a surgical procedure that offers a substantial benefit to women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer: fertility preservation. However, as a newer surgical option, there are still many unknowns about the characteristics and outcomes of women who undergo this procedure after a cervical cancer diagnosis. Initial research in this area indicates that some disparities exist in who has the surgery versus the standard radical hysterectomy procedure; however, these are not fully understood and characterized. Furthermore, little is known about how women plan their families and how their high-risk pregnancies are managed in the absence of a standard …
Association Between Antiretroviral Therapy And Severe Covid-19 Outcomes Among Hospitalized Hiv Positive People With Sars-Cov-2 In Nys, Aizhan Kyzayeva
Association Between Antiretroviral Therapy And Severe Covid-19 Outcomes Among Hospitalized Hiv Positive People With Sars-Cov-2 In Nys, Aizhan Kyzayeva
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
IMPORTANCE The role of antiretroviral therapy (ART) type in people living with HIV (PLWDH) co-infected with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) remains unclear. There is evidence that certain classes of ART may mute the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Evaluating The Relationship Between Orthorexia Nervosa, Eating Disorder Symptomatology, And Related Psychological Constructs In An Undergraduate Mixed-Gender Sample, Kimberly Marie Martinez
Evaluating The Relationship Between Orthorexia Nervosa, Eating Disorder Symptomatology, And Related Psychological Constructs In An Undergraduate Mixed-Gender Sample, Kimberly Marie Martinez
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The pursuit of a healthy lifestyle has become a central focus of Western societies over the past few decades. As rates of chronic conditions, such as obesity and type II diabetes, continue to rise, so too has the desire to maintain one’s optimal state of health. For some, the pursuit of a healthy diet becomes an obsession that interferes with one’s physical and psychological wellbeing. Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is a proposed eating disorder characterized by a pathological fixation on healthy eating. Unlike other established eating disorders (EDs), ON is focused on the quality of one’s diet, rather than the quantity …
Food Environment, Food Acquisition Behavior, And Fruit And Vegetable Consumption Among Burmese Immigrants And Refugees : A Socio-Ecological Study, Hnin Wai Lwin Myo
Food Environment, Food Acquisition Behavior, And Fruit And Vegetable Consumption Among Burmese Immigrants And Refugees : A Socio-Ecological Study, Hnin Wai Lwin Myo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background: Using the framework of the Socio-Ecological Model, the current study aimed to investigate the associations between nutritional knowledge, food environment, food acquisition behavior, and daily recommended fruit and vegetable consumption (≥5 cups of fruits and vegetables) among Burmese refugees and immigrants in the Capital Region, New York. Methods: During July - November 2018, a cross-sectional survey with face-to-face interviews was conducted among Burmese refugees and immigrants aged 18 years and older living in Albany and Rensselaer counties (n=173, 52.0% female, mean age = 42.8). Daily recommended fruit and vegetable consumption was determined as ≥5 cups of fruit and vegetable …
Phase And Dark Field Radiography And Ct With Mesh-Based Structured Illumination And Polycapillary Optics, Uttam Pyakurel
Phase And Dark Field Radiography And Ct With Mesh-Based Structured Illumination And Polycapillary Optics, Uttam Pyakurel
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Imaging can be performed with a variety of techniques. For example, gamma radiation is used in nuclear medicine and radiation therapy A challenge in using gamma rays is the risk of high radiation exposure, which requires extensive custom shielding. The transmission of gamma rays through 3D printed shielding was measured to evaluate the required thickness of the shielding.Conventional radiography depends on x-ray attenuation. Another imaging technique, X-ray phase imaging, is known to improve the contrast of images relative to conventional imaging for low density materials. Phase differences imparted by soft tissue are roughly 1000 times larger than attenuation differences. Further, …
Disability In An American Indian Community : Prevalence, Distribution, And The Role Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Thoin F. Begum
Disability In An American Indian Community : Prevalence, Distribution, And The Role Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Thoin F. Begum
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Phthalates have been implicated as reproductive toxicants in animal models and in human populations. This study examined associations between potential exposure sources and urinary phthalate concentrations among couples undergoing infertility treatment. Women (n=56) and their male partners (n=43) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) were enrolled in a prospective cohort investigation of environmental chemicals and IVF outcomes at an academic medical center. On the day of oocyte retrieval, participants provided urine samples and completed questionnaires detailing use of personal care products (PCPs), and consumption of medications, foods, and beverages in the preceding 24-hours. Urine was analyzed for MEP, MBP, MPP, MHxP, …
Effects Of Metal And Polychlorinated Biphenyls Exposures And Fish Consumption On Cognitive Function In Adults, Nozomi Sasaki
Effects Of Metal And Polychlorinated Biphenyls Exposures And Fish Consumption On Cognitive Function In Adults, Nozomi Sasaki
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Cognitive decline often occurs with aging, independent of development of neurodegenerative diseases. Little is known about how to prevent cognitive decline or what cofactors, hereditary or environmental, may accelerate or protect against it. In young people, metals, including lead, cadmium, arsenic, methylmercury, and some organic compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are known to decrease cognitive function. Consumption of fish is a route of exposure to methylmercury and PCBs, but fish also contain omega-3 fatty acids that are reported to enhance infant neurodevelopment and postnatal cognitive performance. Yet, a recent systematic review concluded that there was inconclusive evidence the omega-3 …
System Measurements For X-Ray Phase And Diffraction Imaging, Erik Wolfgang Tripi
System Measurements For X-Ray Phase And Diffraction Imaging, Erik Wolfgang Tripi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In medical imaging, X rays are used to look inside the body to find fractures in bones, abnormal masses, cavities in teeth, and so on. What makes X rays so good at looking at these types of structures is the X ray’s penetration power. When imaging soft tissue to search for tumors, X-ray images tend to have difficulty performing well. The reason for this is that the background structures, such as fat or fibro glandular tissue have similar absorption coefficients as the tumor. Mammography tends to have a high false positive rate and can miss tumors entirely as well. There …
Genomic Epidemiology Of Clinical Salmonella Enterica In New Hampshire, 2017-2020, Madison R. Turcotte
Genomic Epidemiology Of Clinical Salmonella Enterica In New Hampshire, 2017-2020, Madison R. Turcotte
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica remains a challenging public health threat. We aim to characterize the population structure and evolutionary history of 394 genomes of S. enterica isolates recovered from human clinical cases in New Hampshire, USA from 2017 to 2020. The population is phylogenetically diverse, consisting of 78 STs and 67 serotypes. We detected 61 genes associated with resistance to14 different antimicrobial classes. Rather than a single multidrug resistant clone expanding in the state, we found multiple lineages carrying different combinations of independently acquired resistance determinants. New or emerging lineages can therefore rapidly spread over relatively short timeframes. In …
Disability In An American Indian Community : Prevalence, Distribution, And The Role Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Thoin Farzana Begum
Disability In An American Indian Community : Prevalence, Distribution, And The Role Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Thoin Farzana Begum
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Akwesasne reservation along the St. Lawrence River has experienced significant exposure to several persistent organic pollutants due to rapid industrialization. The Aluminum Company of America, General Motors, and Reynolds Metals operated aluminum foundries that used polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as hydraulic fluids, which contaminated the community environment, the soil, air and water, and community food sources with PCBs. We administered the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS II) to 119 Akwesasne Mohawk adults residing along the St. Lawrence River in New York. We used exploratory factor analysis to summarize the 36- items comprising the WHODAS II. The 7 …