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Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Evaluability Assessment Of Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention And Sexual Health Program, Be Proud! Be Responsible! In New York State, Veronica Eileen Fitzpatrick
Evaluability Assessment Of Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention And Sexual Health Program, Be Proud! Be Responsible! In New York State, Veronica Eileen Fitzpatrick
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Proper implementation of pregnancy prevention programs is essential to sexual health program success and intended health outcomes for participants (Demby et. al, 2014). Large scale implementation of state-wide and local programs can vary. Multiple studies have shown that proper implementation of such programs is an essential requirement to their success (LaChausse, Clark, & Chapple, 2014; Demby et. al, 2014; Fixsen et. al, 2009). Generally, there are three types of organizations that receive funds for pregnancy prevention program implementation: schools, large city community organizations, and smaller community-based organizations (Demby et. al, 2014; Fixsen et. al, 2009). Be Proud! Be Responsible! is …
An Investigation Of Alkaline Earth And Rare Earth Elements In Human Bone Following Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition, Aubrey L. Galusha
An Investigation Of Alkaline Earth And Rare Earth Elements In Human Bone Following Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition, Aubrey L. Galusha
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This investigation focused on a unique collection of archived human bones obtained post-mortem from 7 patients, who had received long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) for up to 21 years. Parenterals are administered intravenously as a nutritional supplement, and may be contaminated with metals, which are completely absorbed into the blood compartment. Some metal contaminants may be deposited in the body’s reservoir for inorganic elements – bone.
Trends Of Injecting Risk Behaviors Among People Who Inject Drugs In Ukraine : The Analysis Of Bio-Behavioral Surveillances Conducted In 2007-2013, Iuliia Makarenko
Trends Of Injecting Risk Behaviors Among People Who Inject Drugs In Ukraine : The Analysis Of Bio-Behavioral Surveillances Conducted In 2007-2013, Iuliia Makarenko
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
The Contribution Of Mindfulness Meditation And Values Clarification To The Treatment Of Anxiety : An Experience Sampling Study, Christopher Robert Berghoff
The Contribution Of Mindfulness Meditation And Values Clarification To The Treatment Of Anxiety : An Experience Sampling Study, Christopher Robert Berghoff
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health concern in the United States. Yet, many who suffer from anxiety do not receive treatment or fail to respond to well-established cognitive and behavioral interventions. Mindfulness- and values-based strategies are possible alternatives for these individuals. However, values-based approaches have not been adequately studied in anxious populations and it is unclear how they may interact with mindfulness-based approaches. Moreover, little is understood about the mechanisms of action underlying behavioral changes resulting from mindfulness meditation (MM) practices. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is one approach that employs values clarification (VC) and mindfulness to bring …
Essays On Income Inequality, Minority Health And Healthcare Spending, Rui Cheng
Essays On Income Inequality, Minority Health And Healthcare Spending, Rui Cheng
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This set of essays addresses issues related to income inequality, public healthcare supply and population health. Income inequality has been found to affect health in a number of studies. Using data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a telephone survey of adults in the United States, the first chapter of my dissertation studies the effect of state level and county level income inequality on health status and the pathway via public health spending. By using multiple imputation method applied to BRFSS income data, it derives synthetic Gini coefficient at state level and county level for each year from 2000 …
The Relationship Between Hospital Safety Culture And Variation In Adverse Events : What Is The Evidence From Nys Hospitals?, Kathleen Ciccone
The Relationship Between Hospital Safety Culture And Variation In Adverse Events : What Is The Evidence From Nys Hospitals?, Kathleen Ciccone
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background: There is widespread acknowledgement that patients often suffer from adverse events that occur in the provision of medical care (Leape et al., 1991; Kohn et al., 2000). A notable percentage of these events stem from poor practices and unreliable hospital safety systems (Leape et al., 1991; Kohn et al., 2000; Chassin, 2013). Although the literature has been mixed regarding the association between perception of safety culture in hospitals and rates of adverse events, policy makers and healthcare thought-leaders have called on hospital leadership to improve safety culture as one strategy for decreasing harm to patients.
Breastfeeding Initiation, Duration And Exclusivity In New York State : Impact Of Hospital Maternity Care Practices, Hospital Characteristics And Individual/Socio-Demographic Factors, Eileen Mary Fitzpatrick
Breastfeeding Initiation, Duration And Exclusivity In New York State : Impact Of Hospital Maternity Care Practices, Hospital Characteristics And Individual/Socio-Demographic Factors, Eileen Mary Fitzpatrick
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Prevalence of breastfeeding initiation in New York State (NYS) nearly meets Healthy People 2020 goals. Improvements in breastfeeding duration and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) have lagged behind those achieved for initiation. Implementation of Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding in hospital maternity care has improved breastfeeding initiation, duration and exclusivity; but data on the independent association with specific Steps have been equivocal. Utilizing NYS-linked data from the Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) and the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), the associations of individual maternity care practices/Steps with breastfeeding behaviors were evaluated. Analyses included mothers who participated in PRAMS …
Correlates Of Life-Time History Of Purchasing Sex Services By Men In Saint Petersburg And Leningrad Oblast, Russian Federation, Polina Girchenko
Correlates Of Life-Time History Of Purchasing Sex Services By Men In Saint Petersburg And Leningrad Oblast, Russian Federation, Polina Girchenko
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background. Commercial sex workers (CSW) in Russian Federation are at high risk of HIV infection and transmission as a result of unsafe sexual and injecting behaviors. Their clients might be at increased risk of acquiring HIV; however, little is known about the population of men purchasing sex services. This study’s goal is to investigate factors associated with a history of purchasing sex services by men in Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast, Russian Federation.
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program And Home Food Availability : The Role Of Depression And Household Characteristics, Marta D. Hernandez
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program And Home Food Availability : The Role Of Depression And Household Characteristics, Marta D. Hernandez
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Although about 47 million low-income people participated in the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) program at the end of 2012, the effect of SNAP participation on some nutrition related outcomes is controversial or unknown. Particularly, the effect of SNAP on food availability at-home has not been examined despite its association with food consumption. In addition, little is known about individual and social factors influencing this relationship. This study examined the effects of the interaction between SNAP participation and depression and the effects of the interaction between SNAP participation and the presence of children under 17 years of age on food …
Assessment Of Quality Of Life (Qol) In People Living With Hiv In Georgia, Ekaterine Karkashadze
Assessment Of Quality Of Life (Qol) In People Living With Hiv In Georgia, Ekaterine Karkashadze
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background: Identification of factors that influence quality of life (QoL) is important in order to improve health and social care services. No prior research is available on QoL in people living with HIV in the country of Georgia. The purpose of our study was to assess QoL among Georgian HIV-infected individuals and to examine associations of socio-demographic and disease-related factors with general and domain-specific QoL.
Study Of Human Ovarian Follicular Fluid High Density Lipoprotein (Hdl) And Embryo Quality During In Vitro Fertilization (Ivf), Keewan Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Follicular fluid (FF) is in direct contact with granulosa cells that surround a developing oocyte, and high density lipoprotein (HDL) is the sole lipoprotein found in FF. Therefore, we investigated 41 FF HDL particle components, including 26 HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) subfractions measured for particle size, apolipoproteins, enzymes, and lipophilic micronutrients, in association with embryo quality on 180 women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Trends In Risky Sexual Behavior Among Men Who Have Sex With Men : Analysis Of Repeated Cross-Sectional Survey Data From Ukraine, 2007-2013, Roksolana Kulchynska
Trends In Risky Sexual Behavior Among Men Who Have Sex With Men : Analysis Of Repeated Cross-Sectional Survey Data From Ukraine, 2007-2013, Roksolana Kulchynska
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Objective: To examine changes in risky sexual behavior over time, i.e., unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Ukraine.
The Effects Of Landscape On Malaria Vectors Of The Neotropics, William David Lainhart
The Effects Of Landscape On Malaria Vectors Of The Neotropics, William David Lainhart
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Worldwide malaria control efforts have had varying degrees of success, leaving many countries either eliminating malaria or controlling malaria. In order to maintain forward momentum toward malaria elimination, malaria-eliminating and –controlling countries require different information regarding risk factors, spatial distributions of cases and vectors, vector biology metrics, and vector population genetics. The goal of this dissertation work was to provide information that addresses the knowledge gaps preventing the creation of effective vector and malaria control programs in one malaria-eliminating country (Panama) and two malaria-controlling countries (Peru and Brazil). Case data from Panama were analyzed to assess differences in risk factors …
The Impact Of Heat Event On Emergency Department Visits Due To Cardiovascular Diseases Among Elderly During Transitional Seasons And Summer In New York State, 2005-2013, Mengxuan Li
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background: Prior studies have reported the association between heat exposure and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in summer, but transitional season effects are rarely studied. Additionally, the elderly has not received enough attention as a high risk group. Emergency department (ED) visits can capture heat response at the early stage, but few studies have used it as an outcome.
Physician Density And Location Of Physician Training : The Impact On Avoidable Hospitalizations, Robert Martiniano
Physician Density And Location Of Physician Training : The Impact On Avoidable Hospitalizations, Robert Martiniano
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Avoidable hospitalizations are those hospitalizations that could have been avoided had there been appropriate levels of primary care, and higher levels of avoidable hospitalizations have been linked to higher rates of poverty and of race/ethnicity and to individuals who are on Medicaid or who are uninsured. The association with physician density has, however, been inconsistent, with research linking both better and worse physician density to higher rates of avoidable hospitalizations. Very little research, however, has been conducted on other physician characteristics and the rate of avoidable hospitalizations.
Analysis Of Strategies For Successful Identification, Reporting, And Prevention Of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (Cre) In Acute Health Care Facilities In New York State, Christen Leigh Mayer
Analysis Of Strategies For Successful Identification, Reporting, And Prevention Of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (Cre) In Acute Health Care Facilities In New York State, Christen Leigh Mayer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background
Investigating Socioeconomic And Personal Network Factors As Predictors For Major Depressive Disorder, Especially In Women During Their Reproductive Transition, Molly Kathleen Mccann
Investigating Socioeconomic And Personal Network Factors As Predictors For Major Depressive Disorder, Especially In Women During Their Reproductive Transition, Molly Kathleen Mccann
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
Beyond Permissibility : Traversing The Many Moral Pitfalls Of Abortion (A Virtue Ethics Approach), John Westley Mcmichael
Beyond Permissibility : Traversing The Many Moral Pitfalls Of Abortion (A Virtue Ethics Approach), John Westley Mcmichael
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Ethical discussions about abortion, typically, focus on whether or not it is morally permissible to destroy a fetus. If it is morally impermissible to do so, that seems to answer the question of abortion outright: all things being equal, it is wrong. If it is permissible to kill a fetus, however, it doesn't follow that one cannot err morally by doing so. Using virtue ethics as my guiding normative theory, I argue that there are many potential moral errors one can make in having an abortion (or, in other cases, by not having an abortion) that do not hang on …
A Retrospective Evaluation Of The Locally Grown Produce Initiative Of New York State's Hunger Prevention And Nutrition Assistance Program, Marie Allsopp
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Hunger Prevention and Nutrition Assistance Program (HPNAP) is administered by the Bureau of Nutrition Risk Reduction in the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH). This program provides state funds to food banks, the United Way of New York City and other organizations within the emergency food network. Those organizations use HPNAP dollars to fund food and other resources for food pantries, soup kitchens and emergency shelters. In 2012, HPNAP received a one-time $2 million funding allocation for a Locally Grown Produce Initiative. This one-time stimulus to increase the proportion of state-grown fresh produce in emergency food relief services …
Factors Associated With Solving Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Clusters In New York State Outside Of New York City, 2008-2012, Madhu Anand
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Motivation and Rationale
Phase Imaging Using Focusing Polycapillary Optics, Sajid Bashir
Phase Imaging Using Focusing Polycapillary Optics, Sajid Bashir
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The interaction of X rays in diagnostic energy range with soft tissues can be described by Compton scattering and by the complex refractive index, which together characterize the attenuation properties of the tissue and the phase imparted to X rays passing through it. Many soft tissues exhibit extremely similar attenuation, so that their discrimination using conventional radiography, which generates contrast in an image through differential attenuation, is challenging. However, these tissues will impart phase differences significantly greater than attenuation differences to the X rays passing through them, so that phase-contrast imaging techniques can enable their discrimination.
Rna Aptamers For Molecular Chaperones Hsp27 And Hsp90, Sathishkumar Kumar Munusamy
Rna Aptamers For Molecular Chaperones Hsp27 And Hsp90, Sathishkumar Kumar Munusamy
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Hsp90 and Hsp27 are members of the heat shock protein family of chaperones that perform multiple roles in cellular maintenance through protein folding and inhibition of apoptosis. They are abundantly expressed in cells and are over-expressed during conditions of stress. Hsp90 requires ATP for its chaperone function while Hsp27 self-associates into higher order oligomers enclosing its substrate. Their ability to interact with other proteins or with themselves lies at the heart of their mechanisms. The specific consequences of each of their interactions on global cellular health have not yet been fully discovered. The sheer diversity of proteins that interact with …
Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile Of Asian Indians In The U.S. : Analysis Of Data From The Diabetes Among Indian Americans Study, Sanghamitra Siddharam Savadatti
Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile Of Asian Indians In The U.S. : Analysis Of Data From The Diabetes Among Indian Americans Study, Sanghamitra Siddharam Savadatti
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation sought to investigate the associations between health promoting lifestyle behaviors and chronic cardiometabolic conditions among Asian Indians residing in the U.S.
An Evaluation Of Eligibility, Accessibility, And Social-Emotional Outcomes For Young Children In The New York State Early Intervention Program, Kirsten M. Siegenthaler
An Evaluation Of Eligibility, Accessibility, And Social-Emotional Outcomes For Young Children In The New York State Early Intervention Program, Kirsten M. Siegenthaler
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A wealth of interdisciplinary research on early childhood development by the neurobiological, behavioral, and social sciences has occurred in the past 100 years. The findings from this research have led to an understanding and appreciation of the importance of early life experiences, the centrality of relationships in early childhood to support positive development, the complexity of social skills that are learned in early childhood and their long-term effect on adult success and well-being, and the ability to impact the trajectory of children’s development with effective early intervention. The New York State Early Intervention Program (NYSEIP) is one of the largest …
A Genetic Epidemiologic Investigation Of Breast Cancer Susceptibility, Cristy Ellen Stagnar
A Genetic Epidemiologic Investigation Of Breast Cancer Susceptibility, Cristy Ellen Stagnar
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Introduction
Grid-Based Fourier Transform Phase Contrast Imaging, Sajjad Tahir
Grid-Based Fourier Transform Phase Contrast Imaging, Sajjad Tahir
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Low contrast in x-ray attenuation imaging between different materials of low electron density is a limitation of traditional x-ray radiography. Phase contrast imaging offers the potential to improve the contrast between such materials, but due to the requirements on the spatial coherence of the x-ray beam, practical implementation of such systems with tabletop (i.e. non-synchrotron) sources has been limited. One recently developed phase imaging technique employs multiple fine-pitched gratings. However, the strict manufacturing tolerances and precise alignment requirements have limited the widespread adoption of grating-based techniques. In this work, we have investigated a technique recently demonstrated by Bennett et al.1 …
Untreated Depression In Persons Living With Hiv In Kazakhstan, Dina Terloyeva
Untreated Depression In Persons Living With Hiv In Kazakhstan, Dina Terloyeva
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Objective:This study investigates the occurrence of depressive symptoms among persons living with HIV, and the relationship between depressive symptoms and HIV treatment initiation and adherence.
Bioengineering In Vitro Human Trabecular Meshwork Models For Glaucoma Therapeutic Screening, Karen Yud Torrejon
Bioengineering In Vitro Human Trabecular Meshwork Models For Glaucoma Therapeutic Screening, Karen Yud Torrejon
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Glaucoma refers to a group of slowly progressing eye disorders that lead to damage to the optic nerve, resulting in irreversible vision loss. Recent statistics by the World Health Organization places glaucoma as a leading cause of blindness worldwide, affecting nearly 80 million people. Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is currently the only effective target for therapeutic intervention in glaucoma. IOP is mostly controlled by the outflow of the aqueous humor (AH) through the trabecular meshwork (TM). The TM and adjacent endothelium of Schlemm’s canal, known as the conventional outflow-tract, control AH outflow and thus determine IOP.