Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Surgical Periodontal Management Of Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma: A Series Of Three Cases., Karo Parsegian, Roger M Arce, Nikola Angelov

Journal Articles

Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is a benign swelling of the gingival connective tissue commonly associated with dental biofilm and biofilm-retentive dental appliances. In the present case report, we described three cases of POF with different clinical presentations and treatment approaches. The treatment consisted of the removal of supra- and subgingival calculus, followed by a flap surgery with excision of the entire lesion ensuring the inclusion of the periosteal bed. The first patient developed POF during her pregnancy that remained clinically noticeable postpartum. The second case represented a rare case of POF appearing on the palatal aspect of the anterior maxilla …

Cannabinoids In Periodontology: Where Are We Now?, Yésica Carmona Rendón, Hernán Santiago Garzón, Bruno Bueno-Silva, Roger M Arce, Lina Janeth Suárez

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Cannabinoids are a well-documented treatment modality for various immune and inflammatory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Crohn's disease, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and a range of neurodegenerative conditions. However, limited information is available regarding the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in treating periodontal disease.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to analyze the current evidence on the antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects of cannabis and its role in the healing and regeneration processes within periodontal tissues.

RESULTS: This review discusses the potential role of cannabinoids in restoring periodontal tissue homeostasis.

CONCLUSIONS: The examination of the endocannabinoid system and the …

Patient Shielding During Dentomaxillofacial Radiography: Recommendations From The American Academy Of Oral And Maxillofacial Radiology., Erika Benavides, Avni Bhula, Anita Gohel, Alan G Lurie, Sanjay M Mallya, Aruna Ramesh, Donald A Tyndall

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: The American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology established an ad hoc committee to draft evidence-based recommendations and clinical guidance for the application of patient contact shielding during dentomaxillofacial imaging.

TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED: The committee reviewed monographs and reports from radiation protection organizations and studies that reported radiation dose to gonads, breasts, and thyroid gland from dentomaxillofacial imaging.

RESULTS: Considering the absence of radiation-induced heritable effects in humans and the negligible dose to the gonads and fetus from dentomaxillofacial imaging, the committee recommends discontinuing shielding of the gonads, pelvic structures, and fetuses during all dentomaxillofacial radiographic imaging procedures. …

Impact Of Explainable Artificial Intelligence Assistance On Clinical Decision-Making Of Novice Dental Clinicians, Aaron Glick, Mackenzie Clayton, Nikola Angelov, Jennifer Chang

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: Despite artificial intelligence (AI) being used increasingly in healthcare, implementation challenges exist leading to potential biases during the clinical decision process of the practitioner. The interaction of AI with novice clinicians was investigated through an identification task, an important component of diagnosis, in dental radiography. The study evaluated the performance, efficiency, and confidence level of dental students on radiographic identification of furcation involvement (FI), with and without AI assistance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two third- and 19 fourth-year dental students (DS3 and DS4, respectively) completed remotely administered surveys to identify FI lesions on a series of dental radiographs. The control …

Assessment Of Oral And Overall Health Parameters Using The Sillha Oral Wellness System., Shawn S Adibi, Ryan Hanson, David F Fray, Tania Abedi, Brianna Neil, Danielle Maher, Gena Tribble, Ben F Warner, Mary C Farach-Carson

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: The study evaluated use of a multipoint saliva analyzer to assess patient wellness in a contemporary dental practice setting.

STUDY DESIGN: Unstimulated saliva from a diverse 104 patient cohort was analyzed using the SillHa Oral Wellness System. The device measures the following 7 analytes present in the patient's oral rinse: cariogenic bacteria, acidity, buffer capacity, blood, leukocytes, protein, and ammonia. Data obtained were compared with validated clinical assessment data independently provided by credentialed dental professionals.

RESULTS: Measured leukocyte and protein levels were higher in patients with periodontal disease and/or deep gingival pockets. Patients with a history of cancer and/or …

Temperature Changes During Implant Osteotomy Preparations In Fresh Human Cadaver Tibiae, Comparing Straight With Tapered Drills., Nikolaos Soldatos, Laura Nelson-Rabe, Nathan Palanker, Nikola Angelov, Georgios Romanos, Robin Weltman

Journal Articles

The success of osseointegration depends on many factors. With temperatures beyond a 47 °C threshold over 1 min, bone survival may be impaired. The purpose of the study was to evaluate, in fresh human cadaver tibiae, the temperature changes during osteotomy preparations using two straight and two tapered implant systems' drills, external irrigation, and varying revolutions per minute (RPM). The tibiae from a fresh female cadaver were harvested bilaterally. Two tapered and two straight design drills were assessed. Two-hundred and forty osteotomies were prepared at 6 mm depth following the drill sequence of the manufacturers' protocol for each drilling speed. …

Flowcharts Improve Periodontal Diagnosis By Dental And Dental Hygiene Students., Karo Parsegian, Srinivas Ayilavarapu, Tulsi Patel, Harold A Henson, Nikola Angelov

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: In 2017, the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology updated the classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions. The goal of the present crossover study was to develop straightforward, illustrative flowcharts and determine their impact on the accuracy and speed of diagnosing periodontal conditions by predoctoral dental students (DS) and dental hygiene students (DHS).

METHODS: Two flowcharts (a decision-tree flowchart and one based on the periodontal disease/condition entity) were developed using updated diagnostic determinants proposed by the 2017 classification. A total of 26 second-, third-, and fourth-year DS (DS2, DS3, and DS4, respectively) and …

Oral Versus Gastrointestinal Mucosal Immune Niches In Homeostasis And Allostasis., Lina J Suárez, Silie Arboleda, Nikola Angelov, Roger M Arce

Journal Articles

Different body systems (epidermis, respiratory tract, cornea, oral cavity, and gastrointestinal tract) are in continuous direct contact with innocuous and/or potentially harmful external agents, exhibiting dynamic and highly selective interaction throughout the epithelia, which function as both a physical and chemical protective barrier. Resident immune cells in the epithelia are constantly challenged and must distinguish among antigens that must be either tolerated or those to which a response must be mounted for. When such a decision begins to take place in lymphoid foci and/or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues, the epithelia network of immune surveillance actively dominates both oral and gastrointestinal compartments, …

Subgingival Microbiome And Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediator Pathway Profiles Are Correlated In Periodontal Inflammation., Chun-Teh Lee, Ruoxing Li, Lisha Zhu, Gena D Tribble, W Jim Zheng, Brittney Ferguson, Krishna Rao Maddipati, Nikola Angelov, Thomas E Van Dyke

Journal Articles

Failure of resolution pathways in periodontitis is reflected in levels of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) and SPM pathway markers but their relationship with the subgingival microbiome is unclear. This study aimed to analyze and integrate lipid mediator level, SPM receptor gene expression and subgingival microbiome data in subjects with periodontitis vs. healthy controls. The study included 13 periodontally healthy and 15 periodontitis subjects that were evaluated prior to or after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Samples of gingival tissue and subgingival plaque were collected prior to and 8 weeks after non-surgical treatment; only once in the healthy group. Metabololipidomic analysis was …

Predoctoral Periodontal Education And Covid-19: Challenges, Actions, And Learned Lessons., Karo Parsegian, Srinivas Ayilavarapu, Amity L Gardner, Nikola Angelov

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Targeted Fgfr Blockade For The Treatment Of Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia., Iris R Hartley, Carole B Miller, Georgios Z Papadakis, Clemens Bergwitz, Jaydira Del Rivero, Jenny E Blau, Pablo Florenzano, Jason A Berglund, Jing Tassone, Kelly L Roszko, Susan Moran, Rachel I Gafni, Randi Isaacs, Michael T Collins

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Dendritic Cell Derived Exosomes Loaded With Immunoregulatory Cargo Reprogram Local Immune Responses And Inhibit Degenerative Bone Disease In Vivo, Mahmoud Elashiry, Mohamed M Elashiry, Ranya Elsayed, Mythily Rajendran, Carol Auersvald, Rana Zeitoun, Mohammad H Rashid, Roxan Ara, Mohamed M Meghil, Yutao Liu, Ali S Arbab, Roger M Arce, Mark Hamrick, Mohammed Elsalanty, Marshall Brendan, Rafal Pacholczyk, Christopher W Cutler

Journal Articles

Chronic bone degenerative diseases represent a major threat to the health and well-being of the population, particularly those with advanced age. This study isolated exosomes (EXO), natural nano-particles, from dendritic cells, the "directors" of the immune response, to examine the immunobiology of DC EXO in mice, and their ability to reprogram immune cells responsible for experimental alveolar bone loss

Periodontal Inflammation: Integrating Genes And Dysbiosis., Shaoping Zhang, Ning Yu, Roger M Arce

Journal Articles

Biofilm bacteria co-evolve and reach a symbiosis with the host on the gingival surface. The disruption of the homeostatic relationship between plaque bacteria and the host can initiate and promote periodontal disease progression. Recent advances in sequencing technologies allow researchers to profile disease-associated microbial communities and quantify microbial metabolic activities and host transcriptional responses. In addition to confirming the findings from previous studies, new putative pathogens and novel genes that have not previously been associated with periodontitis, emerge. For example, multiple studies have reported that Synergistetes bacteria are associated with periodontitis. Genes involved in epithelial barrier defense were downregulated in …

Role Of Dendritic Cell-Mediated Immune Response In Oral Homeostasis: A New Mechanism Of Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw., Ranya Elsayed, Zoya Kurago, Christopher W Cutler, Roger M Arce, Jennifer Gerber, Esteban Celis, Hussein Sultan, Mahmoud Elashiry, Mohamed Meghil, Christina Sun, Caroline M Auersvald, Mohamed E Awad, Rana Zeitoun, Riham Elsayed, Mohey Eldin M Elshikh, Carlos Isales, Mohammed E Elsalanty

Journal Articles

Dendritic cells are an important link between innate and adaptive immune response. The role of dendritic cells in bone homeostasis, however, is not understood. Osteoporosis medications that inhibit osteoclasts have been associated with osteonecrosis, a condition limited to the jawbone, thus called medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. We propose that disruption of the local immune response renders the oral microenvironment conducive to osteonecrosis. We tested whether zoledronate (Zol) treatment impaired dendritic cell (DC) functions and increased bacterial load in alveolar bone in vivo and whether DC inhibition alone predisposed the animals to osteonecrosis. We also analyzed the role of Zol …

Functionalized Scaffold And Barrier Membrane With Anti-Bmp-2 Monoclonal Antibodies For Alveolar Ridge Preservation In A Canine Model., Seiko Min, Taewan Kim, Oksu Kim, Carames Goncalo, Tadahiko Utsunomiya, Takashi Matsumoto, Kayo Kuyama, Nikola Angelov

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of anti-bone morphogenetic protein 2 monoclonal antibody (anti-BMP-2 mAb) to functionalize scaffolds to mediate bone regeneration in a canine model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mandibular right premolar 4 (PM4) was extracted in eight beagle dogs and grafted with anti-BMP-2 mAb+anorganic bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (ABBM-C) and porcine bilayer native collagen membrane (CM). The ABBM-C and CM were functionalized with either anti-BMP-2 mAb (test group) or an isotype matched control mAb (control group). Animals were euthanized at 12 weeks for radiographic, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses. Outcomes were compared …

Distinct Profiles Of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators And Corresponding Receptor Gene Expression In Periodontal Inflammation., Brittney Ferguson, Nishantha R Bokka, Krishna Rao Maddipati, Srinivas Ayilavarapu, Robin Weltman, Lisha Zhu, Wanqi Chen, W Jim Zheng, Nikola Angelov, Thomas E Van Dyke, Chun-Teh Lee

Journal Articles

Polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) play an important role in modulating inflammation. The aim of the study was to compare profiles of SPMs, SPM related lipid mediators and SPM receptor gene expression in gingiva of subjects with periodontitis to healthy controls. A total of 28 subjects were included; 13 periodontally healthy and 15 periodontitis before or after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Gingival tissues were collected from two representative posterior teeth prior to and 8 weeks after scaling and root planning; only once in the healthy group. Lipid mediator-SPM metabololipidomics was performed to identify metabolites in gingiva. qRT-PCR was …

Systemic Th17 Response In The Presence Of Periodontal Inflammation., Lina J Suárez, Daniel E Vargas, Adriana Rodríguez, Roger M Arce, Nelly S Roa

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: The relationship between periodontitis and the pathogenesis of other inflammatory diseases, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and obesity has been an important topic of study in recent decades. The Th17 pathway plays a significant role in how local inflammation can influence systemic inflammation in the absence of systemic pathology.

OBJECTIVE: To determine Th17 biased-cells in systemically healthy patients in the presence of generalized chronic periodontitis.

METHODOLOGY: A total of 28 patients were recruited without systemic inflammatory pathology, which was determined by clinical history, the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and rheumatoid factor detection. Of these patients, 13 were diagnosed as …

Epigenomic Dysregulation-Mediated Alterations Of Key Biological Pathways And Tumor Immune Evasion Are Hallmarks Of Gingivo-Buccal Oral Cancer, Debodipta Das, Sahana Ghosh, Arindam Maitra, Nidhan K. Biswas, Chinmay K. Panda, Bidyut Roy, Rajiv Sarin, Partha P. Majumder

Journal Articles

Background: Gingivo-buccal oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC-GB) is the most common cancer among men in India and is associated with high mortality. Although OSCC-GB is known to be quite different from tongue cancer in its genomic presentation and its clinical behavior, it is treated identically as tongue cancer. Predictive markers of prognosis and therapy that are specific to OSCC-GB are, therefore, required. Although genomic drivers of OSCC-GB have been identified by whole exome and whole genome sequencing, no epigenome-wide study has been conducted in OSCC-GB; our study has filled this gap, and has discovered and validated epigenomic hallmarks of gingivobuccal …

The Influence Of Vitamin D Supplementation On Local And Systemic Inflammatory Markers In Periodontitis Patients: A Pilot Study., Mohamed M Meghil, Lance Hutchens, Anas Raed, Neha A Multani, Mythilypriya Rajendran, Haidong Zhu, Stephen Looney, Mahmoud Elashiry, Roger M Arce, Mark E Peacock, Yanbin Dong, Christopher W Cutler

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is a worldwide public health issue that has been linked to numerous inflammatory disorders, including periodontitis. There is increasing support for a role for adequate vitamin D levels in overall health. Populations with darker skin color have a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and periodontitis. The purpose of this small pilot study was to investigate the influence of 12 weeks of 25(OH)D vitamin D supplementation (VDS) on mediators of systemic inflammation in dark-skinned, periodontitis patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 23 patients with moderate to severe periodontitis were randomly assigned to the vitamin D …

Systemic Antibiotic Therapy Reduces Circulating Inflammatory Dendritic Cells And Treg-Th17 Plasticity In Periodontitis., Mythilypriya Rajendran, Stephen Looney, Nagendra Singh, Mahmoud Elashiry, Mohamed M Meghil, Ahmed R El-Awady, Omnia Tawfik, Cristiano Susin, Roger M Arce, Christopher W Cutler

Journal Articles

Periodontitis (PD) is a common dysbiotic inflammatory disease that leads to local bone deterioration and tooth loss. PD patients experience low-grade bacteremias with oral microbes implicated in the risk of heart disease, cancer, and kidney failure. Although Th17 effectors are vital to fighting infection, functional imbalance of Th17 effectors and regulatory T cells (Tregs) promote inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated, in a small pilot randomized clinical trial, whether expansion of inflammatory blood myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) and conversion of Tregs to Th17 cells could be modulated with antibiotics (AB) as part of initial therapy in PD patients. PD …

Disruption Of Immune Homeostasis In Human Dendritic Cells Via Regulation Of Autophagy And Apoptosis By, Mohamed M Meghil, Omnia K Tawfik, Mahmoud Elashiry, Mythilypriya Rajendran, Roger M Arce, David J Fulton, Patricia V Schoenlein, Christopher W Cutler

Journal Articles

As fundamental processes of immune homeostasis, autophagy, and apoptosis must be maintained to mitigate risk of chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by oral microbial dysbiosis, and dysregulation of dendritic cell (DC) and T cell responses. The aim of this study was to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which the oral microbe

Giant Cell Tumor Of The Larynx Treated By Surgery And Adjuvant Denosumab: Case Report And Review Of The Literature, A. E. Yancoskie, D. K. Frank, J. E. Fantasia, S. Savona, N. Eiseler, I. Reder, L. B. Kahn

Journal Articles

Giant cell tumor of the larynx (GCTL) is a rare entity; only 34 cases have been reported in the literature. We report a case of GCTL in a 46 year-old male presenting clinical, radiographic, histological and therapeutic features. Previously reported cases are also reviewed.

Primary Xanthoma Of The Mandible: Report Of A Rare Case, D. Morel, R. D. Kelsch, P. J. Nolan

Journal Articles

Xanthoma is a lesion most commonly seen in soft tissues such as the skin, subcutis, or tendon sheaths. Xanthoma formation is often associated with primary or secondary hyperlipidemia. Primary bone xanthomas are extremely rare benign bone lesions not associated with hyperlipidemia, histopathologically characterized by histiocytes, abundant lipid containing macrophages (foam cells), and multinucleated giant cells. Cholesterol clefts can be found in the medullary bone. Less than ten cases of xanthoma in the mandible have been reported. We present a rare primary intrabony xanthoma in a normolipidemic patient.

Multiple Radiolucencies Of The Jaws In A 6 Year Old, J.T. Hansford, R.D. Kelsch, M. Wiltz

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Risk Factors In The Development Of Oral Bisphosphonate Induced Osteonecrosis, S. Reiss, D. Sultan

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Accelerated Aging Effects On Color And Translucency Of Flowable Composites., Yonca Korkmaz Ceyhan, Joe C Ontiveros, John M Powers, Rade D Paravina

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of accelerated aging on color and translucency parameter of composites.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Filtek Supreme Ultra Flowable, shades A1, A3, White, Tetric EvoFlow, shades A1, A3, Bleach, and Filtek Z250 shades A1, A3, B1 were evaluated. Color and translucency were recorded using a spectrophotometer after 24-hour storage (baseline) and after accelerated aging. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance.

RESULTS: Fisher's PLSD intervals for comparisons among products and shades were 0.4, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.4 for ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, and ΔE*, respectively. The data showed significant ΔE* and ΔL* main effects for composite product …

Comparison Of Soft Toothbrush And New Ultra-Soft Cleaner In Ability To Remove Plaque From Teeth, W. J. Stewart, K. Gratzel, E. J. Gearity, M. Akerman, J. M. Hill

Journal Articles

In this single-blind, crossover study, the difference between a brushless tooth cleaner and a soft toothbrush was studied to compare plaque removal efficiency. The sample was composed of 15 human subjects who were categorized into two groups. Group 1 was composed of subjects randomly assigned to the brushless tooth cleaner for the first two weeks. Group 2 was composed of those randomly assigned to begin the study using the soft toothbrush. After two weeks of brushing with their assigned device, subjects returned to their normal modality to brush their teeth for one week. For the last two weeks of the …

Absence Of Exposed Bone Following Dental Extraction In Beagle Dogs Treated With 9 Months Of High-Dose Zoledronic Acid Combined With Dexamethasone, M. R. Allen, T. M. G. Chu, S. L. Ruggiero

Journal Articles

Purpose: Factors contributing to osteonecrosis of the jaw with anti-remodeling drug treatment are unclear. Epidemiologic and experimental studies have suggested the combination of bisphosphonates and dexamethasone results in osteonecrosis of the jaw more often than either agent alone. The goal of this study was to assess the combination of these 2 drugs in a large animal model previously shown to be susceptible to exposed bone in the oral cavity when treated with bisphosphonates. Materials and Methods: Skeletally mature beagle dogs were untreated controls or treated with zoledronic acid (ZOL), dexamethasone (DEX), or ZOL plus DEX. ZOL and DEX were given …

Compromised Osseous Healing Of Dental Extraction Sites In Zoledronic Acid-Treated Dogs., M. R. Allen, D. J. Kubek, D. B. Burr, S. L. Ruggiero, T. M. G. Chu

Journal Articles

UNLABELLED: The goal of this study was to document how treatment with high doses of zoledronic acid affects dental extraction healing. Our results, showing significantly compromised osseous healing within the socket as well as presence of exposed bone and development of a sequestrum in one animal, provide a building block toward understanding osteonecrosis of the jaw.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to document how treatment with a bisphosphonate affects the bone tissue following dental extraction.

METHODS: Skeletally mature female beagle dogs were either untreated controls (CON) or treated with intravenous zoledronic acid (ZOL). Following the extraction of the …

Influence Of Blood Contamination On Bond Strength Of A Self-Etching System., Ellen Cristina De Carvalho Mendonça, Samuel Nilo Vieira, Fernando Aparecido Kawaguchi, John Powers, Adriana Bona Matos

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVES: To detect the influence of blood contamination (BC) on the bond strength (BS) of a self-etching bonding system (SES) to enamel and dentine.

METHODS: 25 human molars were longitudinally sectioned on the mesio-distal axis in order to obtain 50 specimens, which were embedded in acrylic resin. At first, the specimens were ground to expose a flat surface of enamel, and a bond strength test was performed. Afterwards, the samples were ground again in order to obtain a flat surface of dentine. Ten groups (total: n=100) were assigned according to substrate (enamel and dentine), step in the bonding sequence when …