Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Submitting Manuscripts But Not For Publication? Black Sheep Authors In Publishing., Karsten Wiechert, Jens R Chapman, Jeffrey C Wang

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Race Differences In Predictors Of Weight Gain Among A Community Sample Of Smokers Enrolled In A Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Multiple Behavior Change Intervention., Marcia M Tan, Terry Bush, Jennifer C Lovejoy, Harold Javitz, Alula Jimenez Torres, Ken Wassum, Bonnie Spring

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

African Americans have disproportionate rates of post-cessation weight gain compared to non-Hispanic whites, but few studies have examined this weight gain in a multiracial sample of smokers receiving evidence-based treatment in a community setting. We examined race differences in short-term weight gain during an intervention to foster smoking cessation plus weight management. Data were drawn from the Best Quit Study, a randomized controlled trial conducted via telephone quitlines across the U.S. from 2013 to 2017. The trial tested the effects on cessation and weight gain prevention of adding a weight control intervention either simultaneously with or sequentially after smoking cessation …

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy In Hiv-Associated Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Case Series Of 3 Patients., Song Y Park, Candice Church, Nora A Alexander, Michi M Shinohara, Kelly G Paulson, Karl D Lewis, Nancy S Lee, Paul Nghiem

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Presenting As Splenic Hemorrhage Following Cardiac Surgery: A Case Report., Joseph Ferry, Samuel J Youssef, Pierce Wu, Livia Hegerova

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis (HITT) is a paradoxical prothrombotic complication of anticoagulant therapy. As many as 3% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery develop clinical HIT presenting as thrombocytopenia with or without thrombosis within 5-10 days of heparin exposure. Thrombotic complications associated with HIT carry a mortality rate of 5-10%.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of atraumatic splenic hemorrhage due to splenic vein thrombosis as the main indicator of HIT following cardiac surgery in a 62-year-old woman. She presented to the emergency department on day nine following coronary artery bypass graft surgery with acute weakness, dizziness, and malaise. Her …

Prognostic Gene Expression Signatures Of Breast Cancer Are Lacking A Sensible Biological Meaning., Kalifa Manjang, Shailesh Tripathi, Olli Yli-Harja, Matthias Dehmer, Galina Glazko, Frank Emmert-Streib

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

The identification of prognostic biomarkers for predicting cancer progression is an important problem for two reasons. First, such biomarkers find practical application in a clinical context for the treatment of patients. Second, interrogation of the biomarkers themselves is assumed to lead to novel insights of disease mechanisms and the underlying molecular processes that cause the pathological behavior. For breast cancer, many signatures based on gene expression values have been reported to be associated with overall survival. Consequently, such signatures have been used for suggesting biological explanations of breast cancer and drug mechanisms. In this paper, we demonstrate for a large …

Partial Inhibition Of Mitochondrial Complex I Ameliorates Alzheimer's Disease Pathology And Cognition In App/Ps1 Female Mice., Andrea Stojakovic, Sergey Trushin, Anthony Sheu, Layla Khalili, Su-Youne Chang, Xing Li, Trace Christensen, Jeffrey L Salisbury, Rachel E Geroux, Benjamin Gateno, Padraig J Flannery, Mrunal Dehankar, Cory C Funk, Jordan Wilkins, Anna Stepanova, Tara O'Hagan, Alexander Galkin, Jarred Nesbitt, Xiujuan Zhu, Utkarsh Tripathi, Slobodan Macura, Tamar Tchkonia, Tamar Pirtskhalava, James L Kirkland, Rachel A Kudgus, Renee A Schoon, Joel M Reid, Yu Yamazaki, Takahisa Kanekiyo, Song Zhang, Emirhan Nemutlu, Petras Dzeja, Adam Jaspersen, Ye In Christopher Kwon, Michael K Lee, Eugenia Trushina

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder without a cure. Here we show that mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I is an important small molecule druggable target in AD. Partial inhibition of complex I triggers the AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent signaling network leading to neuroprotection in symptomatic APP/PS1 female mice, a translational model of AD. Treatment of symptomatic APP/PS1 mice with complex I inhibitor improved energy homeostasis, synaptic activity, long-term potentiation, dendritic spine maturation, cognitive function and proteostasis, and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in brain and periphery, ultimately blocking the ongoing neurodegeneration. Therapeutic efficacy in vivo was monitored using translational …

Integrated Genetic And Metabolic Landscapes Predict Vulnerabilities Of Temozolomide Resistant Glioblastoma Cells., Selva Rupa Christinal Immanuel, Avinash D Ghanate, Dharmeshkumar S Parmar, Ritu Yadav, Riya Uthup, Venkateswarlu Panchagnula, Anu Raghunathan

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Metabolic reprogramming and its molecular underpinnings are critical to unravel the duality of cancer cell function and chemo-resistance. Here, we use a constraints-based integrated approach to delineate the interplay between metabolism and epigenetics, hardwired in the genome, to shape temozolomide (TMZ) resistance. Differential metabolism was identified in response to TMZ at varying concentrations in both the resistant neurospheroidal (NSP) and the susceptible (U87MG) glioblastoma cell-lines. The genetic basis of this metabolic adaptation was characterized by whole exome sequencing that identified mutations in signaling pathway regulators of growth and energy metabolism. Remarkably, our integrated approach identified rewiring in glycolysis, TCA cycle, …

Identifying The Mirna Signature Association With Aging-Related Senescence In Glioblastoma., Mutharasu Gnanavel, Akshaya Murugesan, Saravanan Konda Mani, Olli Yli-Harja, Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor and its malignant phenotypic characteristics are classified as grade IV tumors. Molecular interactions, such as protein-protein, protein-ncRNA, and protein-peptide interactions are crucial to transfer the signaling communications in cellular signaling pathways. Evidences suggest that signaling pathways of stem cells are also activated, which helps the propagation of GBM. Hence, it is important to identify a common signaling pathway that could be visible from multiple GBM gene expression data. microRNA signaling is considered important in GBM signaling, which needs further validation. We performed a high-throughput analysis using micro array expression profiles from …

Circulating Exosomal Microrna Expression Patterns Distinguish Cardiac Sarcoidosis From Myocardial Ischemia., Elliott D Crouser, Mark W Julian, Sabahattin Bicer, Vikas Ghai, Taek-Kyun Kim, Lisa A Maier, May Gillespie, Nabeel Y Hamzeh, Kai Wang

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac sarcoidosis is difficult to diagnose, often requiring expensive and inconvenient advanced imaging techniques. Circulating exosomes contain genetic material, such as microRNA (miRNA), that are derived from diseased tissues and may serve as potential disease-specific biomarkers. We thus sought to determine whether circulating exosome-derived miRNA expression patterns would distinguish cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) from acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODS: Plasma and serum samples conforming to CS, AMI or disease-free controls were procured from the Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center repository and National Jewish Health. Next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on exosome-derived total RNA (n = 10 …

Partnership Between Islam And Palliative Care At Swedish Health Services (First Hill And Cherry Hill), Hodo Mohamud

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

INTRODUCTION  The spiritual practice of Islam is considered one of the three major monotheistic religions. There is minimal research about Palliative care and Muslim patients in both Muslim majority and Muslim minority countries. Engaging in internal assessment of palliative care provision to Muslim patients is important for quality care. This project aimed to examine gaps in Palliative needs assessment of Muslims in one institution.

OBJECTIVES Assess Swedish palliative care team’s barriers to spiritual care (SC) and baseline knowledge of Islamic influences on healthcare. Interview Muslim patients and insights from a Muslim Imam trained in chaplaincy about PC experience. Develop …

Pregnancy Outcomes In Women With Epilepsy And Mthfr Mutations Supplemented With Methylated Folate And Methylcobalamin (Methylated B12)., Emma M Lascar, Nicole M Warner, Michael J Doherty

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Antiseizure medications (ASM) may contribute to adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant women with epilepsy (WWE). Folate processing (Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, MTHFR) gene abnormalities are common in women with epilepsy and depression. L-methylfolate supplements may bypass MTHFR deficiencies, yet their use in WWE during gestation or on fetal development is not well studied. We examine pregnancy histories of three WWE who supplemented with either folate or L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin (methylated B12) during pregnancies. Their pregnancy outcomes improved with L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin supplementation. L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin supplementation merits further study in WWE who have MTHFR mutations, fertility, recurrent miscarriage and or depression histories.

Patient-Reported Outcomes Data In Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis From A Randomised Trial Of Etanercept And Methotrexate As Monotherapy Or In Combination., Vibeke Strand, Philip Mease, Ervant J Maksabedian Hernandez, Bradley S Stolshek, Lyrica X H Liu, David H Collier, Gregory Kricorian, Joseph F Merola

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVES: We examined patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in The Study of Etanercept And Methotrexate in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA); a 48-week, phase 3, randomised controlled trial that compared outcomes with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy, etanercept monotherapy, and MTX+ etanercept in patients with PsA.

METHODS: Efficacy endpoints included: mean changes from baseline and proportion of patients who reported improvements≥minimal clinically important difference (MCID) at week 24 in treatment groups for Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index, Patient Global Assessment (PtGA), Patient Global Assessment of Joint Pain (PtGAJP) and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 Questionnaire (SF-36) Physical Component Summary (PCS), and Mental Component Summary, and …