Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

An Investigation Into The Combined Effects Of Β-Amyloid Toxicity And Cerebral Ischemia On The Pathological Expression Of Gangliosides., Jeffrey D. Hepburn

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Identifying mechanisms underlying the synergistic pathological interaction between stroke and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can effectively guide future therapeutic strategies for these highly co-morbid conditions. Aberrant ganglioside expression marked by the pathological accumulation of ganglioside GM3 is common to stroke and AD, yet it is unclear whether GM3 is synergistically enhanced in a comorbid model, or if GM3 is a viable therapeutic target. Adult male Wistar rats received a unilateral ischemic striatal infarct via endothelin-1 (ET-1) injection alone or in combination with bilateral intracerebroventricular injection of the β-Amyloid 25-35 peptide (Aβ) to induce generalized Aβ toxicity (Aβ/ET-1). Animals were sacrificed after …

Shift Work And Vascular Events: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Manav V Vyas, Amit X Garg, Arthur V Iansavichus, John Costella, Allan Donner, Lars E Laugsand, Imre Janszky, Marko Mrkobrada, Grace Parraga, Daniel G Hackam

Medical Biophysics Publications

OBJECTIVE: To synthesise the association of shift work with major vascular events as reported in the literature.

DATA SOURCES: Systematic searches of major bibliographic databases, contact with experts in the field, and review of reference lists of primary articles, review papers, and guidelines.

STUDY SELECTION: Observational studies that reported risk ratios for vascular morbidity, vascular mortality, or all cause mortality in relation to shift work were included; control groups could be non-shift ("day") workers or the general population.

DATA EXTRACTION: Study quality was assessed with the Downs and Black scale for observational studies. The three primary outcomes were myocardial infarction, …

Adherence To Canadian Best Practice Recommendations For Stroke Care: The Case Of Post-Stroke Depression, Katherine L. Salter

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Context: Canadian best practice recommendations for identification and treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD) have been established, but whether they have been adopted is not known.

Objectives: To compare current with recommended best practice.

Methods: A retrospective chart review from 5 inpatient rehabilitation programs in Southwestern Ontario was completed and a short online survey addressing current practices, opinions and attitudes regarding PSD conducted.

Results: Screening for PSD was documented in 41 of 294 patient records. Of the 41 patients screened, 16 were referred for assessment and 6 diagnosed with PSD. However, 113 patients (38.9%) received pharmacotherapy. Most staff …

Shift Work And Cardiovascular Events: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Manav V. Vyas

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The prevalence of shift work is increasing in the general population. There is conflicting epidemiologic evidence on the association between shift work and cardiovascular disease. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that measured shift work-cardiovascular disease associations. We screened 12,350 articles and identified 35 eligible studies. The pooled risk ratios (RR) for myocardial infarction, all coronary events and ischemic stroke were 1.23 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15 to 1.31, I² = 0), 1.24 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.39, I² = 85%) and 1.05 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.09, I² = 0), respectively. The …

Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Measurements Of Carotid Atherosclerosis In Vulnerable Patient Populations, Daniel N. Buchanan

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease that leads to plaque development and is associated with cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Several biomarkers have been established as surrogates of plaque development yet none can provide direct, noninvasive, rapid measurements of atherosclerotic disease. Three-dimensional Ultrasound (3DUS) image acquisition is safe, inexpensive and fast, however 3DUS image measurements are limited due to time consuming manual image analyses. In addition, the true clinical meaning of 3DUS carotid imaging measurements has not yet been established. A semi-automated approach for the estimation of 3DUS Total Plaque Volume (TPV) was developed with similar variability and …

Motor Control Of Exercise That Emphasizes Speed Post-Stroke, Vicki L. Gray

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Purpose: To investigate whether a single session of closed kinetic chain (CKC) and open kinetic chain (OKC) exercises emphasizing speed post-stroke could evoke changes in the motor control and whether these improvements would transfer to postural tasks.

Methods: Thirty-two individuals post-stroke and 32 age- and sex- matched controls performed a single session of 50 fast squats and steps (Chapter 3). Internal perturbations (arm raise/load drop) were used to assess postural responses before exercises (Pre), immediately after exercises (Post) and 15 minutes after exercises (Retention) (Chapter 4). Eleven individuals post-stroke performed a single session of 50 fast knee and ankle OKC …