Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Novel Electronic Refreshers For Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Stephen Magura, Michael G. Miller, Timothy J. Michael, Robert J. Bensley, J. Burkhardt, A. C. Puente, C. Sullins

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

Background: Currently the American Red Cross requires that individuals renew their cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) certification annually; this often requires a 4- to 8-hour refresher course. Those trained in CPR often show a decrease in essential knowledge and skills within just a few months after training. New electronic means of communication have expanded the possibilities for delivering CPR refreshers to members of the general public who receive CPR training. The study’s purpose was to determine the efficacy of three novel CPR refreshers - online website, e-mail and text messaging – for improving three outcomes of CPR training - skill retention, confidence …

The Role Of Pete In Developing Joy-Oriented Physical Educators, Bonnie Tjeerdsma Blankenship, Suzan F. Ayers

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

The current focus on utilitarian outcomes (e.g., fitness, health, skill development) in physical education has not been effective in producing life-long movers and makes physical activity a duty to be performed. An alternative to a utilitarian focus is to have a joy-oriented focus in which physical activity is promoted because it is joyful, pleasurable, and personally meaningful. In this paper, we present factors that inhibit a joy-oriented focus in physical education and reasons physical education teacher education (PETE) programs have thus far failed to produce joy-oriented physical education teachers. We then present a new approach to PETE—the foundational approach—in which …

Crossword Puzzles As A Tool To Enhance Athletic Training Student Learning: Part 2, David C. Berry, Michael Miller

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

Crossword puzzles can be used to reinforce cognitive information presented in class, to introduce new concepts, or to assess student learning and retention. To evaluate the effectiveness of crossword puzzles for facilitation of learning and retention of knowledge and to examine students’ perceptions and preferences for learning, a systematic investigation was conducted.

Subcutaneous Tissue Thickness Alters The Effect Of Nmes, Michael G. Miller, Christopher C. Cheatham, William R. Holcomb, Rosealin Ganschow, Timothy J. Michael, Mack D. Rubley

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

Context: No direct research has been conducted on the relationship between subcutaneous tissue thickness and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of subcutaneous tissue thickness on NMES amplitude and NMES force production of the quadriceps. Design: Simple fixed design, testing the independent variable of subcutaneous thickness (skinfold) groups with the dependent variables of NMES amplitude and force production. Setting: Athletic Training Laboratory. Participants: 29 healthy women. Intervention: NMES to produce at least 30% of maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) of the quadriceps. Main Outcome Measure: Maximal NMES amplitude and percentage of …

Crossword Puzzles As A Tool To Enhance Athletic Training Student Learning: Part I, David C. Berry, Michael G. Miller

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

Athletic training students typically expect instructors to assign textbook readings and use classroom lectures to disseminate information. They also expect instructors to assess knowledge using traditional testing methods, such as written and/or oral-practical examinations, research papers, lab assignments, etc. Nontraditional teaching techniques, such as games, puzzles, and computer-based learning activities, appear to be a viable option to promote student interest in reading and learning. The purpose of this report is to assist instructors in the design and utilization of crossword puzzles as a learning and assessment tool in the athletic training education classroom.

A Descriptive Analysis Of Undergraduate Pete Programs, Suzan F. Ayers, Lynn D. Housner

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

The current study describes the nature of physical education teacher education (PETE) programs in the United States. Of the 200 institutions of higher education invited to participate, 116 PETE programs completed a comprehensive questionnaire regarding their undergraduate programs (58% response rate). Respondents reported employing an average of 3.84 (SD = 2.80) full-time and 3.07 (SD = 3.52) part-time faculty members, nearly equal in gender (females = 48%), and overly representative of Caucasians (92% of respondents reported employing a faculty of at least 60% Caucasian). First- and second-year field-based teaching experiences were provided by 77% of respondents. A majority (65.8%) of …

Back In The Saddle Again: How To Prevent Cycling Saddle Sores, Michael G. Miller, David C. Berry

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

Any individuals cycle, competitively or recreationally, for enjoyment or to increase fitness. Although cycling can increase overall cardiovascular fitness while imposing minimal stress on the lower extremity joints, cycling for an extended period of time may render an individual susceptible to undesirable conditions, including tendonitis, bursitis, nerve pathology, impotence, and more commonly, saddle (seat) soreness. Saddle sores usually present as skin lesions of the inner groin and inguinal fold, which are commonly classified into three categories on the basis of severity: (a) chafing, (b) skin ulcerations, and (c) furuncles and folliculitis. The purpose of this report is to discuss different …

Comparisons Of Static And Dynamic Balance Following Training In Aquatic And Land Environments, Aimee E. Roth, Michael G. Miller, Marc Richard, Donna Ritenour, Brenda L. Chapman

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

Context: It has been theorized that aquatic balance training differs from land balance

training. Objective: To compare the effects of balance training in aquatic and

land environments. Design: Between-groups, repeated-measures design. Setting:

Biomechanics laboratory and pool. Participants: 24 healthy subjects randomly

assigned to aquatic (n = 8), land (n = 10), or control (n = 6) groups. Intervention:

Four weeks of balance training. Main Outcome Measures: Balance was measured

(pre, mid, post, follow-up). COP variables: radial area, y range, x range in single

leg (SL), tandem (T), single leg foam (SLF), and tandem form (TF) stance. Results:

A significant condition …

Analysis Of Aahperd Research Abstracts Published Under Special Populations From 1968 To 2004, Jiabei Zhang

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

The purpose of this study was to explore historical research trends in adapted physical activity by analyzing abstracts published under special populations by AAHPERD conventions from 1968 to 2004. There were 562 abstracts retrieved that were coded into seven categories: (a) number of authors, (b) data source, (c) sample size, (d) disability type, (e) data analysis, (f) type of study, and (g) focus of study. The coded data are presented as descriptive statistics and linear regression equations. The results of descriptive statistics describe an overall picture of the knowledge accumulation in adapted physical activity. The results of linear regression equations …

Marketable Features Of The Adapted Physical Education Career In Higher Education, Jiabei Zhang

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

The purpose was to investigate marketable features of the adapted physical education (APE) career in higher education. A total of 560 APE job openings (297 APE first priority and 263 APE second priority were identified from the Chronicle of Higher Education between 1975-1976 and 1997-1998. These data were analyzed by regression, chi-square, and descriptive statistics. The results indicate that the APE career is a growing employment market demanding candidates who specialize in APE to prepare in one or more other areas and encouraging candidates who specialize in other areas to minor in APE. The market shows that APE second priority …

The Ehealth Behavior Management Model: A Stage-Based Approach To Behavior Change And Management, Robert J. Bensley, Nelda Mercer, John J. Brusk, Ric Underhile, Jason Rivas, Judith Anderson, Deanne Kelleher, Melissa Lupella, André C. De Jager

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

Although the Internet has become an important avenue for disseminating health information, theory-driven strategies for aiding individuals in changing or managing health behaviors are lacking. The eHealth Behavior Management Model combines the Transtheoretical Model, the behavioral intent aspect of the Theory of Planned Behavior, and persuasive communication to assist individuals in negotiating the Web toward stage-specific information. It is here — at the point of stage-specific information — that behavioral intent in moving toward more active stages of change occurs.

The eHealth Behavior Management Model is applied in three demonstration projects that focus on behavior management issues: parent-child nutrition education …

Progressive Time Delay Procedure For Teaching Motor Skills To Adults With Severe Mental Retardation, Jiabei Zhang

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the progressive time delay (PTD) procedure on teaching gross motor skills to adult males with severe mental retardation. A multiple probe design across three skills and replicated across 4 participants was utilized. Results indicated that a PTD procedure with a 0 to 5 s delay was effective in teaching 4 participants three gross motor skills (tee-ball batting, softball pitching, croquet striking) over a period of 13 weeks. Data on effectiveness were analyzed in terms of the number of instructional sessions (M = 9.58), the number of trials (M = …

The Prevalence-Based Need For Adapted Physical Education Teachers In The United States, Jiabei Zhang

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

The purpose was to develop a method for projecting the need for adapted physical education (APE) teachers in the public schools in the United States. This method was derived from a prevalence-based model---dividing the nurn- ber of APE students enrolled by the APE student-teacher ratio and then sub- tracting the number of APE teachers hired. This model used the findings of Kelly and Gansneder (1998) that (a) 4% of the school population required APE services and (b) the overall national APE student-teacher ratio was 104: 1. The results revealed a need for 22,116 additional APE teachers nationwide as well as …