Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Differences In Smoking Behaviors And Readiness To Change For Patients With Copd And Differing Categories Of Depression, Jessica M. Floyd

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the world. Depression is a common comorbidity of COPD and affects patient outcomes and smoking cessation. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe factors influencing smoking behaviors and readiness to change in patients with comorbid COPD and depression.

Aims: The research question that guided this study was, “What are the relationships among smoking, COPD, and depression?” The following aims stemmed from the research question: to describe the characteristics of a convenience sample of people living with COPD and differing categories of depression who …

A Group Randomized Trial To Reduce Obesity Among Appalachian Church Members: The Walk By Faith Study, Electra D. Paskett, Ryan D. Baltic, Greg S. Young, Mira L. Katz, Samuel M. Lesko, Kelly H. Webber, Karen A. Roberto, Eugene J. Lengerich, Nancy E. Schoenberg, Stephenie K. Kennedy, Scherezade Mama, Courtney C. Midkiff, Mark B. Dignan

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background: Appalachia is a rural, socioeconomically disadvantaged region with high rates of cancer and obesity. Using community-based participatory research principles, the Appalachia Community Cancer Network tested an initiative to reduce weight among overweight and obese participants by partnering with churches, an important community-based institution in Appalachia. Methods: A group randomized trial was conducted with counties or groups of counties in five Appalachian states. These groups were randomly assigned to receive either monthly diet and exercise education sessions (“Walk by Faith”; WbF) or an educational program focused on cancer screening and education (“Ribbons of Faith”; RoF) to examine effects on weight …

Does Early Exposure To Caffeine Promote Smoking And Alcohol Use Behavior? A Prospective Analysis Of Middle School Students, Alfgeir L. Kristjansson, Steven M. Kogan, Michael J. Mann, Megan L. Smith, Laura M. Juliano, Christa L. Lilly, Jack E. James

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background and Aims Despite the negative consequences associated with caffeine use among children and youth, its use is increasingly widespread among middle school students. Cross‐sectional studies reveal links between caffeine and other substance use. The potential for caffeine use to confer increased vulnerability to substance use, however, has not been investigated using prospective designs. We hypothesized that caffeine use at baseline would be associated positively with increased alcohol use, drunkenness, smoking and e‐cigarette use. Design Prospective cohort study with 12 months separating baseline from follow‐up. Setting West Virginia, USA. Participants Middle school students (6th and 7th grades; n = 3932) …

Physical Activity And Quit Motivation Moderators Of Adolescent Smoking Reduction, Melissa D. Blank, Kaitlyn A. Ferris, Aaron Metzger, Amy Gentzler, Christina Duncan, Traci Jarrett, Geri Dino

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Objectives—We examined participant characteristics as moderators of adolescents’ smoking cessation outcomes as a function of intervention: Not-on-Tobacco (N-O-T), N-O-T with a physical activity (PA) module (N-O-T+FIT), or Brief Intervention (BI). Methods—We randomly assigned youth (N = 232) recruited from public high schools to an intervention, and measured their baseline levels of PA and motivation to quit. The number of cigarettes/day for weekdays and weekends was obtained at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Results—Across time-points, cigarette use declined for youth in N-O-T (p = .007) and N-O-T +FIT (ps < .02), but not BI (n.s.). For N-O-T+FIT youth, the steepest declines in weekday smoking occurred for those with high PA levels (p = .02). Weekend cigarette use decreased for NO-T+FIT youth with moderate-high levels of intrinsic motivation to quit (ps < .04). Conclusions—Adolescents may benefit from interventions designed to address the barriers faced during a quit attempt, including their motivation to make a change and their engagement in other healthy behaviors such as physical activity.

Chinese Smokers’ Behavioral Response Toward Cigarette Price: Individual And Regional Correlates, Tingzhong Yang, Sihui Peng, Lingwei Yu, Shuhan Jiang, William B. Stroub, Randall R. Cottrell, Ian R. H. Rockett

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background:
Many studies have explored smokers’ behavioral response to cigarette prices at the individual level, but none have factored in regional variation and determinants. This study addresses these research gaps in the Chinese context.

Methods:
A cross-sectional multistage sampling process was used to recruit participants in 21 cities in China. Individual-level information was collected using standardized questionnaires. City-level variables were retrieved from a nationall database. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to assess price sensitivity variation at both individual and city levels.

Results:
A cross-sectional multistage sampling process was used to recruit participants in 21 cities in China. Individual-level information …

Secondhand Smoke As An Issue In Child Custody/Visitation Disputes, Jeffrey L. Hall

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.