Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Medical And Mental Health Comorbidities Among Minority Racial/Ethnic Groups In The United States, Naheed Ahmed, C. Andrew Conway

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Objective. To examine the prevalence of and the association between comorbid disorders and race/ethnicity in the United States.

Methods. Using cross-sectional data from the 2012 National Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System [N=45,207,844], we examined comorbidity of psychological distress with self-reported diagnosis of diabetes, angina, and with history of heart attack and stroke. Logistic regression was used to examine between group differences by race/ethnicity.

Results. Unadjusted results indicate that American Indian [OR 4.01, 95%CI: 1.78, 9.04] and Hispanic [OR 1.55, 95%CI: 1.04, 2.33] participants were more likely to have psychological distress and history of heart attack in comparison …

Health Literacy And Diabetes Among Refugee Women Residing In Arizona, Aline Nina Indatwa

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is limited research available linking health literacy and diabetes knowledge to poor health outcomes among refugees. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of health literacy and diabetes knowledge and examine whether different factors (age, education, employment status, number of years lived with diabetes and length of stay since resettlement) are associated with health literacy and diabetes knowledge. A cross-sectional study was performed among 82 refugee women with a known diagnosis of diabetes and residing in Maricopa County, Arizona. A modified two part questionnaire (self-reported health literacy extracted from the European Health Literacy Questionnaire [HLS-EU-Q16] and …

Revisions Of A Clinical Practice Guideline For Diabetes Management Protocol, Daniel O. Huston

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is essential from cost and treatment perspectives. In 2017, costs associated with diabetes management in the United States amounted to approximately $327 billion. The treatment of T2DM has been in a dynamic state for the past several years with the arrival of new classes of medications and new data supporting the use of diabetes medications to reduce risks from cardiovascular disease and slow the decline of renal function. This project explored the current evidence on treatment of T2DM to support changing either the flow of the current protocol algorithm or the medications identified …

Association Between Metabolic Syndrome And Second Primary Cancer Among Colorectal Cancer Patients, Olukayode Ayodeji Agbeyomi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common diagnosed cancer in both women and men in the United States. The gradual increase of incidence of second primary cancer (SPC) among CRC individuals has been a concern in recent times. Many CRC survivals have been forced back to be hospitalized for life-threatening cancers that are nonmetastatic cancers of CRC. Literature has suggested that there may be a relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CRC cases. The importance of early surveillance, detection, and treatment of SPC in CRC patients is significant to achieve better survival rates. The aim of this retrospective quantitative …

Environmental Barriers To Accessing Tertiary Prevention Among Hispanics Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes, Stella B. Biira

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the United States, Hispanics diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have not accessed tertiary level prevention, which is critical in diabetes management and the prevention of further complications. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between neighborhood crime, the absence of community health centers, the lack of culturally competent providers, the lack of public transportation, the residential setting, the distance to T2DM education classes, and access to tertiary prevention among Hispanics diagnosed with T2DM. The research was guided by the Andersen behavioral model. A sample size of N = 4,977 was used in the study, …

Relationship Of Complementary Modes Of Agency In The Self-Management Of Diabetes, Andrew Romo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Effective control of type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is essential for minimizing the likelihood of developing comorbidities that result from poor glycemic control. Extensive self-management considerations are required of people with DM because they must actively participate in their own care and engage with other socially-based sources of self-management support. The purposes of this quantitative study were to determine if there is an association between (a) the extent that the individual mode of human agency is employed and quality of diabetes control among adults who have been diagnosed with DM2 for at least one year and (b) the extent that the …

Microvascular Disease And Chronic Kidney Disease In Persons With Diabetes In Grenada, Jennifer Elizabeth Lewis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a set of pathophysiological reactions that impact the functionality of the kidney. The association between microvascular disease (MVD) and CKD as it relates to diabetes is important to the evaluation of organizational effectiveness in-hospital services planning as well as improving health outcomes. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to determine if there is an association between MVD and CKD severity in persons with diabetes. Using the socioecological model, the association between gender, age group, cigarette smoke, cigarette smoke frequency, alcoholic drink, alcoholic drink frequency, hypertension, albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) severity, cholesterol, sickling (i.e. persons …

Factors Affecting Adherence To Diabetes Management Recommendations Among Afro-Caribbean Farm Workers, Aretha Meritian Townsend

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global epidemic, impacting the economy and quality of life of affected individuals. The treatment and management of the disease often rely heavily on self-efficacy and provider guidance. Adherence to provider treatment regimens can help to prevent T2DM-related complications. However, non-adherence to T2DM regimens is a growing concern among minority populations, where T2DM is highly prevalent. Limited research is available for the Afro-Caribbean migrant farmworker (ACMF) with high rates of diabetes and an alarmingly high rate of non-adherence to treatment recommendations which is further complicated by low literacy, common cultural practices, and poor diets. …

A Staff Educational Model For Prevention Of Type 2 Diabetes In The Primary Care Setting, Mieshia Staples Clark

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic, debilitating disease affecting millions of Americans. Though preventable, it is the most common form of diabetes in the United States, costing the U.S. health care system billions of dollars annually. Lifestyle modifications taught, encouraged, and supported in established, evidence-based diabetes prevention programs (DPP) are proven to be more effective than medications alone in preventing Type 2 diabetes. While DPPs are cost-effective and can reduce or delay the incidence of Type 2 diabetes, they are greatly underutilized due to primary care providers’lack of knowledge about the benefits and availability of these programs and also due …

Education To Improve Health For Rural Africa American Women With Diabetes, Monique Deidre Pendleton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Diabetes (DM) is the 7th leading cause of death in the United States. Minorities like Hispanics and African Americans (AA) are at greater risk of developing DM. The prevalence and outcomes affecting diabetes are attributed to socioeconomic status, sex differences, ethnic, cultural, and religious status. Diabetes-related mortality is a major health problem in AA in rural America. The focus for this project was to identify the best evidence regarding educational counseling on lifestyle modifications that positively impact adult AA women with diabetes living in Rural America. The social-ecological theory and health belief model informed this project because these models incorporate …

Perspectives Of African Americans Diagnosed With End Stage Renal Disease And Their Perceptions Regarding Accessibility Of Care, Toya Williams

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

End stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final phase of kidney disease. African Americans make up 35% of all ESRD cases, which is rising. They lead all other racial groups and are 3 times more likely to be diagnosed with ESRD. Researchers have reported quantitative results involving this population, but none have focused on their experiences. The researcher sought to capture the experiences of these patients and their perceptions regarding access to healthcare to determine the role that access to care played in their condition. Interviews were conducted to gain an understanding of their experiences related to their use of …

Treatment Plans For Diabetes Management During Hurricane Maria In Puerto Rico, Joel De La Cruz Oller

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health outcomes of diabetic patients in Puerto Rico, before, during, and after Hurricane Maria, in 2017. The Department of Health in Puerto Rico provided the secondary data for the variables low-density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), mortality, and consumer price index (CPI). The inclusion criteria were participants for whom electronic data were available before, during, and after Hurricane Maria; the sample size was 450. The theoretical framework for this investigation was the health outcomes and impact assessment. The data were analyzed by univariate and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare …