Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Elucidation Of Molecular Kinetic Schemes From Macroscopic Traces Using System Identification, Miguel Fribourg, Diomedes E. Logothetis, Javier González-Maeso, Stuart C. Sealfon, Belén Galocha-Iragüen, Fernando Las-Heras Andrés, Vladimir Brezina

Physiology and Biophysics Publications

Overall cellular responses to biologically-relevant stimuli are mediated by networks of simpler lower-level processes. Although information about some of these processes can now be obtained by visualizing and recording events at the molecular level, this is still possible only in especially favorable cases. Therefore the development of methods to extract the dynamics and relationships between the different lower-level (microscopic) processes from the overall (macroscopic) response remains a crucial challenge in the understanding of many aspects of physiology. Here we have devised a hybrid computational-analytical method to accomplish this task, the SYStems-based MOLecular kinetic scheme Extractor (SYSMOLE). SYSMOLE utilizes system-identification input-output …

Aerobic Fitness Impacts Sympathoadrenal Axis Responses To Concurrent Challenges, Heather E. Webb, Deena A. Rosalky, Matthew J. Mcallister, Edmund O. Acevedo, Gary H. Kamimori

Physiology and Biophysics Publications

The combination of mental and physical challenges can elicit exacerbated cardiorespiratory (CR) and catecholamine responses above that of a single challenge alone.

Purpose

This study examined the effects of a combination of acute mental challenges and physical stress on cardiorespiratory and catecholamine responses.

Method

Eight below-average fitness (LF VO2max = 36.58 +/- 3.36 ml(-1) kg(-1) min(-1)) and eight above-average fitness (HF VO2max = 51.18 +/- 2.09 ml(-1) kg(-1) min(-1)) participants completed an exercise-alone condition (EAC) session consisting of moderate-intensity cycling at 60% VO2max for 37 min, and a dual-challenge condition (DCC) that included concurrent participation in mental challenges while cycling. …

Liver Adiposity And Metabolic Profile In Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury, Kathleen C. Rankin, Laura C. O’Brien, Liron Segal, M. Rehan Khan, Ashraf S. Gorgey

Physiology and Biophysics Publications

Purpose. To quantify liver adiposity using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to determine its association with metabolic profile in men with spinal cord injury (SCI). Materials and Methods. MRI analysis of liver adiposity by fat signal fraction (FSF) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was completed on twenty participants. Intravenous glucose tolerance test was conducted to measure glucose effectiveness (𝑆g) and insulin sensitivity (𝑆i ). Lipid panel, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and inflammatory cytokines were also analyzed. Results. Average hepatic FSF was 3.7% ± 2.1. FSF was positively related to TG, non-HDL-C, fasting glucose, HbA1c, VAT, and …

Cyclic-Amp Regulates Postnatal Development Of Neural And Behavioral Responses To Nacl In Rats, Jie Qian, Shobha Mummalaneni, Tam-Hao T. Phan, Gerard L. Heck, John A. Desimone, David West, Sunila Mahavadi, Deanna Hojati, Karnam S. Murthy, Mee-Ra Rhyu, Andrew I. Spielman, Mehmet H. Özdener, Vijay Lyall

Physiology and Biophysics Publications

During postnatal development rats demonstrate an age-dependent increase in NaCl chorda tympani (CT) responses and the number of functional apical amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na+channels (ENaCs) in salt sensing fungiform (FF) taste receptor cells (TRCs). Currently, the intracellular signals that regulate the postnatal development of salt taste have not been identified. We investigated the effect of cAMP, a downstream signal for arginine vasopressin (AVP) action, on the postnatal development of NaCl responses in 19–23 day old rats. ENaC-dependent NaCl CT responses were monitored after lingual application of 8-chlorophenylthio-cAMP (8-CPT-cAMP) under open-circuit conditions and under ±60 mV lingual voltage clamp. Behavioral responses were …