Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Heterogeneity Of Functional Properties Of Clone 66 Murine Breast Cancer Cells Expressing Various Stem Cell Phenotypes, Partha Mukhopadhyay, Tracy Farrell, Gayatri Sharma, Timothy R. Mcguire, Barbara O'Kane, J. Graham Sharp

Journal Articles: Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy

INTRODUCTION:

Breast cancer grows, metastasizes and relapses from rare, therapy resistant cells with a stem cell phenotype (cancer stem cells/CSCs). However, there is a lack of studies comparing the functions of CSCs isolated using different phenotypes in order to determine if CSCs are homogeneous or heterogeneous.

METHODS:

Cells with various stem cell phenotypes were isolated by sorting from Clone 66 murine breast cancer cells that grow orthotopically in immune intact syngeneic mice. These populations were compared by in vitro functional assays for proliferation, growth, sphere and colony formation; and in vivo limiting dilution analysis of tumorigenesis.

RESULTS:

The proportion of …

The Genome Of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Maintains Normal Coding Sequences, Fengxia Xiao, Yeong C. Kim, Hongxiu Wen, Jiangtao Luo, Pei Xian Chen, Kenneth Cowan, San Ming Wang

Journal Articles: Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy

Genetic studies often use genomic DNA from whole blood cells, of which the majority are the polymorphonuclear myeloid cells. Those cells undergo dramatic change of nuclear morphology following cellular differentiation. It remains elusive if the nuclear morphological change accompanies sequence alternations from the intact genome. If such event exists, it will cause a serious problem in using such type of genomic DNA for genetic study as the sequences will not represent the intact genome in the host individuals. Using exome sequencing, we compared the coding regions between neutrophil, which is the major type of polymorphonuclear cells, and CD4+ T cell, …

Discovery Of Molecular Associations Among Aging, Stem Cells, And Cancer Based On Gene Expression Profiling., Xiaosheng Wang

Journal Articles: Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy

The emergence of a huge volume of "omics" data enables a computational approach to the investigation of the biology of cancer. The cancer informatics approach is a useful supplement to the traditional experimental approach. I reviewed several reports that used a bioinformatics approach to analyze the associations among aging, stem cells, and cancer by microarray gene expression profiling. The high expression of aging- or human embryonic stem cell-related molecules in cancer suggests that certain important mechanisms are commonly underlying aging, stem cells, and cancer. These mechanisms are involved in cell cycle regulation, metabolic process, DNA damage response, apoptosis, p53 signaling …

Cytoplasmic Localization Of Alteration/Deficiency In Activation 3 (Ada3) Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome In Breast Cancer Patients., Sameer Mirza, Emad A. Rakha, Alaa Alshareeda, Shakur Mohibi, Xiangshan Zhao, Bryan J. Katafiasz, Jun Wang, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Aditya Bele, Ian O. Ellis, Andrew R. Green, Hamid Band, Vimla Band

Journal Articles: Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy

Transcriptional activation by estrogen receptor (ER) is a key step to breast oncogenesis. Given previous findings that ADA3 is a critical component of HAT complexes that regulate ER function and evidence that overexpression of other ER coactivators such as SRC-3 is associated with clinical outcomes in breast cancer, the current study was designed to assess the potential significance of ADA3 expression/localization in human breast cancer patients. In this study, we analyzed ADA3 expression in breast cancer tissue specimens and assessed the correlation of ADA3 staining with cancer progression and patient outcome. Tissue microarrays prepared from large series of breast cancer …

Identification Of Potential Synthetic Lethal Genes To P53 Using A Computational Biology Approach, Xiaosheng Wang, Richard Simon

Journal Articles: Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy

BACKGROUND:

Identification of genes that are synthetic lethal to p53 is an important strategy for anticancer therapy as p53 mutations have been reported to occur in more than half of all human cancer cases. Although genome-wide RNAi screening is an effective approach to finding synthetic lethal genes, it is costly and labor-intensive.

METHODS:

To illustrate this approach, we identified potentially druggable genes synthetically lethal for p53 using three microarray datasets for gene expression profiles of the NCI-60 cancer cell lines, one next-generation sequencing (RNA-Seq) dataset from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project, and one gene expression data from the Cancer …