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Articles 1 - 30 of 39
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Evaluation Of Dual-Activity Opioid-Npff Ligands For Antinociception, Jason N. Teng
Evaluation Of Dual-Activity Opioid-Npff Ligands For Antinociception, Jason N. Teng
Honors Theses
Opioids have become a staple in the medical world as an analgesic used to treat acute and chronic pain. However, there are many issues associated with the frequent use of opioids including tolerance, constipation, and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Fortunately, recent discoveries of neuropeptide FF (NPFF) antagonists, have led to the understanding that tolerance and hyperalgesia caused by opioids can be greatly reduced. This discovery eventually led to the creation of dual ligands with both opioid agonist and NPFF antagonist activity. These dual ligands have been shown to prevent tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia while maintain analgesic qualities in mice. However, these studies …
Immunization Perception And Education, Katie Day
Immunization Perception And Education, Katie Day
Honors Theses
With vaccination rates in the United States falling, there is now a growing need for immunization education. This study aimed to survey a large group of students to determine the most beneficial method of educating the public and to evaluate the locations that individuals are more likely to receive vaccinations. The survey highlights the increasing demand for physicians and pharmacists to improve immunization education to prevent individuals from dying each year due to vaccine preventable diseases.
Standardized Articulation Test Performance Of African American Preschoolers In Mississippi, Emily Ortega
Standardized Articulation Test Performance Of African American Preschoolers In Mississippi, Emily Ortega
Honors Theses
In the past, standardized articulation tests administered by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have had tendencies to be biased against speakers of a dialect with characteristics that differ from Mainstream American English (MAE). Using these MAE norm referenced tests can cause several problems, including over diagnosing African American (AA) children with impaired speech and language. The purpose of this study is to document the performance of four-year-old African American English (AAE) speakers for their use of age appropriate phonemes regardless of dialect, and whether the presence of AAE affects participants' scores on the following articulation tests: the Arizona Articulation Proficiency Scale-Third Edition …
A Comparison Of The Deaf Community And Hard-Of-Hearing Individuals On Their Knowledge And Opinions Of Cochlear Implants, Marian R. Bryant
A Comparison Of The Deaf Community And Hard-Of-Hearing Individuals On Their Knowledge And Opinions Of Cochlear Implants, Marian R. Bryant
Honors Theses
This thesis examined the opinions and knowledge of Deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals on cochlear implants. Previous research presented showed the controversial opinions on what was known about cochlear implants as a result of speculation in the Deaf community. This thesis consisted of surveying Deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals in order to have a better understanding of what is known about cochlear implants and the opinions that concur due to incorrect or correct knowledge. Thirteen subjects, including eight Deaf and seven hard-of-hearing individuals, completed the assessment. The results indicated that uncertainty about cochlear implants still remains; therefore, it is necessary to educate …
Novel Delivery Systems For Iron Replenishment, Naresh Modepalli
Novel Delivery Systems For Iron Replenishment, Naresh Modepalli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Iron is an integral part of hemoglobin and essential for the production of red blood cells. Iron deficiency and the resulting anemia are major nutritional deficiency disorders. The majority of patient populations suffering from iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are women of child bearing age and children of all ages. Iron deficiency is a complication of various other chronic conditions. Oral iron salts or colloidal parenteral iron formulations are treatment options for iron replenishment since several decades, but they are associated with severe side effects along with other patient noncompliance issues. Transdermal delivery of iron could be a potential alternative to …
Health Utility Assessment Among Caregivers Of Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis, Namita Joshi
Health Utility Assessment Among Caregivers Of Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis, Namita Joshi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
OBJECTIVES The study objectives were to evaluate psychometric properties of the EuroQoL–five–dimensional questionnaire (EQ–5D–3L) among caregivers of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), assess caregiver utilities and determine predictors of utilities, and compare caregiver utilities obtained from the EQ–5D–3L and the SF–6D. METHODS A web–based survey was administered to MS caregivers via Qualtrics survey software using assistance from a MS patient registry– North American Research Committee on MS (NARCOMS). Measurement properties including convergent, discriminant, and known–groups validity, reliability, and ceiling and floors effects of the EQ–5D–3L were tested. Caregiver health utilities were estimated using the EQ–5D–3L and compared with population norms; …
Quality Of Life And Healthcare Utilization And Costs Among Adults With Autism, Krutika Maulik Jariwala-Parikh
Quality Of Life And Healthcare Utilization And Costs Among Adults With Autism, Krutika Maulik Jariwala-Parikh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study are to: 1) assess construct validity of the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument, 2) evaluate quality of life (QOL) among adults with autism and 3) assess the prevalence, healthcare utilization and costs, and medication use among adults with autism enrolled in the Medicaid program. METHODS The study methodology included both primary and secondary data collection techniques. For objectives one and two, a cross-sectional, descriptive quantitative design was utilized. An internet-based survey using Qualtrics was administered to adults with autism enrolled with the Interactive Autism Network (IAN). The WHOQOL-BREF instrument was validated …
Endangered Plant Species For Potential Drug Leads And Anticancer Prototypes For Treatment Of Breast And Pancreatic Cancers, Joonseok Oh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery Of Lipophilic Drugs, Abhishek Juluri
Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery Of Lipophilic Drugs, Abhishek Juluri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Iontophoresis is one of the most widely studied active technique for enhancing transdermal delivery of drugs. However, its ability to enhance the delivery of highly lipophilic compounds is poor due to lack of any charge and poor water solubility of molecules. Propofol, a sedative and anesthetic drug was chosen as a one of the model lipophilic drug in this study. Initially, feasibility of delivery of propofol phosphate, a water soluble prodrug of propofol, via transdermal route using iontophoresis in combination with chemical permeation enhancers was investigated. Cathodal iontophoresis in combination with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulphate synergistically enhanced the flux of …
Discovery Of Alternative Artemisinin Binding Sites In Plasmodium Falciparum Atpase-6, Shuneize Elizabeth Slater
Discovery Of Alternative Artemisinin Binding Sites In Plasmodium Falciparum Atpase-6, Shuneize Elizabeth Slater
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Malaria is a fatal yet preventable and treatable disease. It is commonly spread through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. Malaria parasites belong to the Plasmodium genus and can be caused by the falciparum, malariae, ovale, vivax, and knowlesi species. Artemisinin is an endoperoxide lactone extracted from qinghaosu (Artemisia annua L. or sweet wormwood). It and its derivatives possess uncharacteristically rapid action against Plasmodium falciparum. Artemisinin is unique in its effectiveness in deadly cerebral malaria. The endoperoxide bridge is crucial for its antimalarial activity; however, how it aids in killing the parasite is unknown. While there are multiple suggested …
Influence Of Novel Techniques On Solubility, Mechanical Properties And Permeability Via Hot Melt Extrusion Technology, Eman A. Ashour
Influence Of Novel Techniques On Solubility, Mechanical Properties And Permeability Via Hot Melt Extrusion Technology, Eman A. Ashour
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hot melt extrusion (HME) was evaluated as a continuous processing technology for the manufacture of solid dispersions. The aim of the current research project was to study the effect of pressurized carbon dioxide (P-CO2) on the physico-mechanical properties of three different grades of cellulose polymers, Klucel™ ELF, EF and LF hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) resulting from hot melt extrusion techniques, and to assess the plasticization effect of P-CO2 on the tested polymers. The physico-mechanical properties as well as the tablet characteristics of the extrudates with and without injection of P-CO2 and with non-extruded polymers were examined. P-CO2 acted as plasticizer for Klucel™ …
Non-Invasive Drug Delivery To The Posterior Segment Of The Eye: Development Of Formulation Strategies And Evaluation Of Ocular Distribution And Pharmacological Activity, Goutham Reddy Adelli
Non-Invasive Drug Delivery To The Posterior Segment Of The Eye: Development Of Formulation Strategies And Evaluation Of Ocular Distribution And Pharmacological Activity, Goutham Reddy Adelli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Diseases of the posterior segment of the eye such as diabetic retinopathy, age related macular degeneration and glaucoma are the leading causes for blindness throughout the world. Topical eye drops is the most convenient formulation for daily application. The human eye, however, presents major physiological and dynamic barriers for the topically administered drug/molecule from reaching the retina. Similarly, the blood-retinal and blood-aqueous barriers restricts passage of drug from systemic circulation into the eye. Although intravitreal injections are the gold standards for the treatment of posterior segment ocular diseases, they are associated with pain, inflammation, endopthalmitis and infection. So there is …
Lipid & Surfactant Based Systems For Improved Delivery Of Poorly Soluble Apis, Sri Satyasai Nagendra Babu Punyamurthula
Lipid & Surfactant Based Systems For Improved Delivery Of Poorly Soluble Apis, Sri Satyasai Nagendra Babu Punyamurthula
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A large number of pharmaceutical compounds belong to class II and IV of biopharmaceutical classification of drug (BCS). Class II compounds are limited by their poor aqueous solubility, while class IV compounds suffer from poor solubility and permeability. This translates to poor absorption and low plasma levels post oral administration. Lipids comprise of fatty acids and their derivatives and are considered a biocompatible option for drug delivery. In the studies discussed in following chapters, lipid based drug delivery systems (LBDDS) have been utilized in improving the handling, ease of formulation, solubility and bioavailability of three compounds. In the first study, …
The Influence Of Casual Footwear On Human Balance, Samuel J. Wilson
The Influence Of Casual Footwear On Human Balance, Samuel J. Wilson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Falls are the third leading cause of unintentional death in homes and communities in the United States, causing 27,800 fatalities in 2012. The ability to maintain postural control is an essential part of activities of daily living (ADLs). However, recent types of casual footwear may be putting the body’s postural control system at a functional disadvantage, predisposing wearers to the risk of a fall. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects three forms of casual footwear (thong style flip-flops (FF), clog style Crocs® (CC), and Vibram® Five-Fingers (MIN)) have on postural control following a one mile walk …
Ehtnobotanical- And Chemometric-Guided Investigation Of Phytolacca Americana L., Michael Chan
Ehtnobotanical- And Chemometric-Guided Investigation Of Phytolacca Americana L., Michael Chan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Development Of The Medication Non-Adherence Scale (Mnas) And The Medication Non-Persistence Scale (Mnps), Amod Sudhir Athavale
Development Of The Medication Non-Adherence Scale (Mnas) And The Medication Non-Persistence Scale (Mnps), Amod Sudhir Athavale
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Evaluation Of Novel Ligands For Opioid Receptors, Amer Hussien Tarawneh
Evaluation Of Novel Ligands For Opioid Receptors, Amer Hussien Tarawneh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Design, Synthesis, And Biological Evaluation Of Sigma Receptors (Σrs) Ligands As Potential Pharmacotherapy For Cancer And Drug Addiction, Walid Alsharif
Design, Synthesis, And Biological Evaluation Of Sigma Receptors (Σrs) Ligands As Potential Pharmacotherapy For Cancer And Drug Addiction, Walid Alsharif
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sigma receptors are a well-defined unique class of receptors and are highly expressed in the central nervous system and also widely distributed in peripheral organs and tissues. There are two subtypes of sigma receptors: sigma-1 and sigma-2. These receptors are thought to be associated with functions and disorders such as inflammation, depression, anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy and drug abuse. The sigma-1 receptor has been demonstrated to be involved in acute and chronic effects of cocaine and methamphetamine toxicities. However, the role of sigma-2 receptors is less clear due to the lack of availability of detailed protein structural information and truly …
The Association Between Depressive Symptoms And Cardiovascular Events In African American Adults With Diabetes Mellitus, Felicia Nicole Chin
The Association Between Depressive Symptoms And Cardiovascular Events In African American Adults With Diabetes Mellitus, Felicia Nicole Chin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Background: While previous research has investigated depression among minority populations with chronic diseases, very limited data exists in describing interactions between diabetes mellitus, depression, and CVD in African Americans. Objective: The purpose of this research study is to examine the association of depressive symptoms and cardiovascular events among African American adults with diabetes. The overall goal of this research study is to contribute vital information towards describing how depressive symptoms and cardiovascular risk factors could act as predictors of cardiovascular events among a highly vulnerable population. Methods: Participants of this cross-sectional study included 660 African American adults with diabetes mellitus …
The Role Of Self-Regulation, Self-Efficacy, And Outcome Expectancy Value On Physical Activity Of Former Division I Student Athletes, Takilya T. Davis
The Role Of Self-Regulation, Self-Efficacy, And Outcome Expectancy Value On Physical Activity Of Former Division I Student Athletes, Takilya T. Davis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In an effort to acknowledge the needs of student athletes after college, the NCAA designed the Challenging Athletes Minds for Personal Success (CHAMPS) Life Skills program to assist student athletes with this transition. In this program personal development outside of occupational skills is often ignored. Though physical activity appears to be of little focus of the CHAMPS Life Skill program, recent research revealed that student athletes' physical activity patterns surpass those of their peers while in college but this difference is not maintained among alumni student athletes and their peers (Sorenson, 2012). Self-regulation interventions have successfully mediated and predicted physical …
Versatility Of Hot-Melt Extrusion For Dosage Form Design, Sultan Mohammad Alshehri
Versatility Of Hot-Melt Extrusion For Dosage Form Design, Sultan Mohammad Alshehri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recently, Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) has attracted the attention of pharmaceutical companies and scientists as a technique for manufacturing a variety of dosage forms. In this research, HME was applied in different ways to achieve different goals, such as solubility enhancement, taste masking, solid state stability enhancement, and sustained release formulations for oral drug delivery, using one model drug, mefenamic acid. For solubility enhancement and taste masking formulations, Eudragit EPO was blended with MA in different ratios (20, 25, 30, and 40% of drug loads) and processed by a hot melt extruder to produce a solid dispersion system. FT-IR analysis …
Solubility Enhancement, Mechanical Properties And Taste Masking Of Poorly Water Soluble Compounds By Optimizing Hot Melt Extrusion Processing, Abdullah Saud Alshetaili
Solubility Enhancement, Mechanical Properties And Taste Masking Of Poorly Water Soluble Compounds By Optimizing Hot Melt Extrusion Processing, Abdullah Saud Alshetaili
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Pharmaceutical research includes investigation and development of a new drug and determination of the delivery route and delivery system, as well as the technology to create the delivery system. It can also consist of a combination of these steps. Researchers studying potential delivery routes have explored oral, nasal, dermal, transdermal, transmucosal, pulmonary, and injection routes for their ability to deliver large and small drug molecules. This research project focuses on the oral route, which is generally accepted as an effective delivery route for many drug products with a large market share, and studies the use of this route for the …
Effect Of Risk Evaluation And Mitigation Strategies (Rems) On Utilization Of Thiazolidinediones In A Medicaid Population, Clive Mario Mendonca
Effect Of Risk Evaluation And Mitigation Strategies (Rems) On Utilization Of Thiazolidinediones In A Medicaid Population, Clive Mario Mendonca
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Nutrition Knowledge, Choices, Attitudes, Bmi, And Height And Weight Perception Among Mississippi Firefighters, Abby Evans
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine the nutrition knowledge, nutrition choices, nutrition attitudes, height and weight perception, and current body mass indices (BMI) of recruits at the Mississippi Fire Academy in Jackson, Mississippi and professional firefighters with the Oxford Fire Department in Oxford, Mississippi. All participants were asked directly by in-person visits to complete a voluntary questionnaire to assess their dietary knowledge, choices, and attitudes, body mass indices, and height and weight perception. Recruits varied in age from 18–65 plus years. It was predicted that firefighters would have on average a high BMI, indicating a large prevalence of …
Primary Care Providers' Provision Of Therapeutic Lifestyle Change Counseling For Patients With Cardiovascular Risk, Tristen Jackson
Primary Care Providers' Provision Of Therapeutic Lifestyle Change Counseling For Patients With Cardiovascular Risk, Tristen Jackson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular disease is important to the U.S. healthcare system, as it constitutes a high prevalence of deaths and costs the system billions each year. In lieu of this, research directed at preventative measures is important, especially those related to therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC). TLC represents a host of healthy behaviors, such as physical activity and healthy nutrition, that have shown to provide benefits in both preventing and managing cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. While public experts have advocated for physicians to recommend not only TLC for patients at cardiovascular risk but also to help …
Association Of Kidney Stones With Chronic Disease Among Adults In The United States: Considerations By Race-Ethnicity, Lashaunta Marie Glover
Association Of Kidney Stones With Chronic Disease Among Adults In The United States: Considerations By Race-Ethnicity, Lashaunta Marie Glover
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Background: little research has been conducted to describe the relationship between kidney stones and risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke in individuals of different race ethnicities. Purpose: the purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of co-morbidities and to investigate whether there was a statistically significant association between kidney stone formers and increased odds of cardiovascular disease and stroke in race-ethnicity groups. Methods: data from the 2007-2012 cycles of the national health and nutrition examination survey (Nhanes) were used. Survey and biological data used included kidney stone cases, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and stroke. …
Influence Of Hot Melt Extrusion Processing Parameters On The Properties Of A Pharmaceutical Formulation, Saad M. Alshahrani
Influence Of Hot Melt Extrusion Processing Parameters On The Properties Of A Pharmaceutical Formulation, Saad M. Alshahrani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hot melt extrusion (HME) is an old technology that has been recently adapted to be used in the pharmaceutical industry. HME is a continuous process that is widely used to produce a solid dispersion matrix. The aim of this dissertation is to evaluate different factors that will affect the pharmaceutical formulation properties that are produced using HME. For HME, there are different variables that will affect the product quality such as processing parameters, material selection, material ratio, and the presence of gas or moisture. One aim of this study is to find the most significant factor that affects the product …
Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Examination Of Adolescents’ Illness Perceptions And Associated Impact On Health-Related Quality Of Life, Zainab Shahpurwala
Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Examination Of Adolescents’ Illness Perceptions And Associated Impact On Health-Related Quality Of Life, Zainab Shahpurwala
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Objectives: To examine the impact of various psychosocial factors (perceived stress, diabetes-specific parental involvement, self-efficacy for diabetes management, and perceived peer support) on adolescents’ self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and assess the association between these factors and their self-reported HRQoL. To determine if differences in perceptions exist between diabetes camp and non-camp adolescent attendees on the various aforementioned psychosocial factors and their impact on their HRQoL. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional, non-experimental, quantitative design to address the aforementioned objectives. Adolescents were recruited from multiple sites including diabetes summer camps and university-based and community-based private clinics. Self-administered paper-based surveys …
Predictors Of Use Of Hydroxyurea And Its Impact On Clinical And Economic Outcomes Among Children With Sickle Cell Disease, Manasi Datar
Predictors Of Use Of Hydroxyurea And Its Impact On Clinical And Economic Outcomes Among Children With Sickle Cell Disease, Manasi Datar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of use of hydroxyurea (HU) and its impact on clinical and economic outcomes in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) enrolled in Medicaid. Methods: A cohort of patients with SCD was identified in 2006 using ICD-9-CM codes from Medicaid claims from 40 US states. Patients who filled three prescriptions of HU in within 6 months in 2007 were identified as HU users. HU users were then matched with non-users and the impact of HU use on the presence of crises and economic outcomes including presence of …
Communication Sciences And Disorders (Csd) Graduate Students' Preparedness To Work With Individuals Who Are Bilingual, Elizabeth M. Harbaugh
Communication Sciences And Disorders (Csd) Graduate Students' Preparedness To Work With Individuals Who Are Bilingual, Elizabeth M. Harbaugh
Honors Theses
This study addresses the overall competence of Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) graduate students working with individuals who are bilingual. It examined the different CSD graduate programs in the United States and identified key variables that lead to students' preparedness. The author surveyed 238 individuals, consisting of first and second year graduate students and individuals working in their clinical fellowship from 30 different graduate programs. The data were collected from both Mississippi and the total population and were compared as an example of possible future research pertaining to SLP preparedness needed when working with individuals who are bilingual. The results …