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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Alcohol Use As A Precipitant And Comorbidity In Primary Headache, Rachel Davis
Alcohol Use As A Precipitant And Comorbidity In Primary Headache, Rachel Davis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Migraine and tension-type headache (tth) are two of the most prevalent pain conditions diagnosed throughout the world and can be extremely disabling with many economic, social, physical and psychological health costs. A plethora of research indicates a strong, positive association between co-occurring psychiatric disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder, anxiety, panic) and migraine and tth, however co-occurring alcohol-use disorders are relatively unexplored. The limited studies that have explored alcohol-use disorders have produced mixed findings, potentially as a result of differing methodology, sample source, and the debated precipitating nature of alcohol use on headache. An abundance of research suggests that many environmental …
Targeting Protein Kinases To Manage Or Prevent Alzheimer’S Disease, Manal A. Nael
Targeting Protein Kinases To Manage Or Prevent Alzheimer’S Disease, Manal A. Nael
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Due to the pressing need for new disease-modifying drugs for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), new treatment strategies and alternative drug targets are currently being heavily researched. One such strategy is to modulate protein kinases such as cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3α and GSK-3β), and the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). AD intervention by reduction of amyloid beta (Aβ) levels is also possible through development of protein kinase C-epsilon (PKC-ϵ) activators to recover α-secretase levels and decrease toxic Aβ levels, thereby restoring synaptogenesis and cognitive function. In this way, we aim to develop …
Physical Activity Initiatives: Implications For Physical Activity Promotion, Allison Lea Nooe
Physical Activity Initiatives: Implications For Physical Activity Promotion, Allison Lea Nooe
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Exercise is Medicine (EiM) initiative and the National Physical Activity Plan (NPAP) are structured to promote an increase of physical activity at the population level. The primary vision of the EiM initiative is the assessment and prescription of exercise in a primary care clinical setting. The NPAP is a document presenting evidenced-based strategies and tactics across 8 different societal sectors that create opportunity for increased physical activity. Both initiatives offer valuable strategies in promoting physical activity among American citizens. However, little empirical research on these initiatives has been evaluated. Study I is entitled,Perceptions of the Exercise is Medicine®Initiative in …
Physiological And Perceptual Responses To Alternate Modes Of Exercise At Self Selected Or Prescribed Intensity Between Overweight And Non-Overweight Individuals, James Riley Galloway
Physiological And Perceptual Responses To Alternate Modes Of Exercise At Self Selected Or Prescribed Intensity Between Overweight And Non-Overweight Individuals, James Riley Galloway
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: To investigate the influence of body weight, exercise modality, and pace on physiological and perceptual responses during walking. Also, to determine if the relationship between physiological and perceptual responses was altered by modality, pace, or weight status. Methods: Aerobically untrained males (n=80, 22.85 ± 3.61 years) and females (n=80, 21.18 ± 1.52 years) classified as either overweight or non-overweight participated. Individuals completed two sessions separated by 72 hours. Session 1 included familiarization, whole body DXA scan, treadmill test to exhaustion, and a 70 foot walk test to determine self selected walking speed. For session 2, participants were randomly assigned …
Measuring And Understanding Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Adult Patients With Hemophilia, Ruchit Mukesh Shah
Measuring And Understanding Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Adult Patients With Hemophilia, Ruchit Mukesh Shah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Objectives: The objectives of this study are to: 1) examine the psychometric properties of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 Version 2 (SF-12v2); 2) assess the measurement invariance of the SF-12v2 with respect to age, disease severity, and treatment regimen; 3) identify psychosocial predictors of health-related quality (HRQOL) among adults with hemophilia in the United States. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using both a web-based and paper-based self-administered survey. Adults with hemophilia were recruited using an online panel, a Facebook community of hemophilia patients, and at the University of Mississippi Medical Center hemophilia treatment clinic. Psychometric properties of the …
Bone Mineral Density, Preventative Behaviors And Risk Factors In African American And Caucasian Mother-Daughter Pairs, Mary Haskins Haskins
Bone Mineral Density, Preventative Behaviors And Risk Factors In African American And Caucasian Mother-Daughter Pairs, Mary Haskins Haskins
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
It is expected that by 2030, elderly minorities will comprise 20.2 million of the total 72.8 million population of Americans over 65 years (pollard, 2013). For African American women over the age of 50, 5% have osteoporosis and an estimated 35% have low bone mass (nof, n.d.). It is estimated that while over 40% of African American women over 80 years meet criteria for treatment, yet less than 12% are actually treated (Cauley, 2011). Striking disparities exist between African American and Caucasian women's likelihood for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa) referral, the measurement tool that is used to diagnosis osteoporosis. (Hamrick, …
Biological And Chemical Investigation Of Panamanian Plants For Potential Utility Against Metabolic Syndrome, Yelkaira Vasquez
Biological And Chemical Investigation Of Panamanian Plants For Potential Utility Against Metabolic Syndrome, Yelkaira Vasquez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects approximately 25% of the adult population of the world and represents a public health concern with high socioeconomic impact worldwide. Latin American populations exhibit a high prevalence of MetS, similar or even higher than developed countries. This complex and progressive disorder can develop over many years as a cluster of conditions characterized by a constellation of metabolic abnormalities. Specific guidelines have not yet been established for the treatment of MetS per se. The increased prevalence of MetS has been associated with a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In …
Multi-Scale Nanoindentation For Characterization Of Oil Shales, Zachary N. Miller
Multi-Scale Nanoindentation For Characterization Of Oil Shales, Zachary N. Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Studies of the effects of polishing techniques, scale of nanoindentation, and petrophysical properties were conducted on both Woodford and Tuscaloosa Marine Shale. Polishing procedures include both an in-house developed, mechanical sample preparation protocol as well as ion beam milling. The elastic modulus and hardness of each mechanically polished sample was found to have larger value than those that were ion-milled. Additionally, at low loads, the samples resulted in having high standard deviation. This high deviation was found to be significantly reduced by testing at higher loads. The variations in results between mechanically polished and ion beam milled samples is believed …
Utility Of The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model In Measuring And Predicting Protection Behaviors Among Skin Cancer Patients, Vinayak Kumar Nahar
Utility Of The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model In Measuring And Predicting Protection Behaviors Among Skin Cancer Patients, Vinayak Kumar Nahar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Adoption of effective protection behaviors (SPB) is of paramount importance, particularly among individuals previously diagnosed with non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), since they have a considerably higher risk of new NMSC and malignant melanoma; the most lethal form of skin cancer (Nahar et al., 2015). The objective of the current study was to examine the utility of the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model in measuring and predicting SPB among people who have had NMSC. For this descriptive cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of NMSC patients was recruited at the University of Mississippi Medical Center between July 2015 and April 2016. Inclusion criteria …
The Acute And Chronic Muscle Adaptations Following Six Weeks Of "No Load" And Traditional High Load Resistance Training, Brittany Counts
The Acute And Chronic Muscle Adaptations Following Six Weeks Of "No Load" And Traditional High Load Resistance Training, Brittany Counts
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Muscle growth is postulated to occur through mechanisms initiated by local muscle tension. This appears to be true, independent of the external load, provided sufficient tension is achieved. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to remove the influence of an external load and compare the acute and chronic muscle adaptations of “No Load” training to traditional High Load training. METHODS: Thirteen participants completed six weeks of thrice weekly unilateral elbow flexion exercise. Using a within subject design, each arm was designated to either the No Load or the High Load (70% one repetition maximum) condition. The No Load condition …
Critical Quality Attributes Of Topical Semi-Solid Dosage Forms: Solvent Activity, Muralikrishnan Angamuthu
Critical Quality Attributes Of Topical Semi-Solid Dosage Forms: Solvent Activity, Muralikrishnan Angamuthu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Critical quality attribute has been defined as “a physical, chemical, biological or microbiological property or characteristic that should be within an appropriate limit, range, or distribution to ensure the desired product quality”. Deviations from preset quality metrics may potentially result in drug products with inferior therapeutic efficacy and unacceptable clinical safety profile. Topical cream formulations may possess numerous quality attributes that can affect the permeation of the drug through skin and consequently therapeutic efficacy. CQAs of topical formulations are often aimed at characterizing either the physicochemical properties of APIs or bulk characteristics of the formulation itself. Solvent systems constitute a …
Saffron Extract And Its Active Constituents As Preventative And/Or Treatment Agents For Prostate Cancer Using In Vitro And In Vivo Models, Faisal Fayih Albaqami
Saffron Extract And Its Active Constituents As Preventative And/Or Treatment Agents For Prostate Cancer Using In Vitro And In Vivo Models, Faisal Fayih Albaqami
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Saffron extract and its active constituents were evaluated as chemopreventatives and/or treatments for prostate cancer. Different models of prostate cancer (in vitro and in vivo) were used for studying saffron and its constituents’ mechanisms. In normal prostate cells, saffron extract, crocetin, and safranal, in non-toxic concentrations, possessed antioxidant properties against the reactive oxygen species induced by H2O2 which further supports saffron constituents as chemopreventative agents. Moreover, saffron and its active constituents produced cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells through intrinsic apoptosis pathways. Potential efficacy in minimizing prostate cancer metastasis was also examined. Saffron extract, crocetin, and safranal decreased the migration and …
Evaluation And Enhancement Of Physical Stability Of Amorphous Solid Dispersions, Xin Feng
Evaluation And Enhancement Of Physical Stability Of Amorphous Solid Dispersions, Xin Feng
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A major concern during formulation development has been to enhance the dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.[1],[2] The amorphous forms of APIs have attracted considerable attention as the amorphous forms tend to exhibit significantly higher levels of supersaturation in aqueous media when compared to the crystalline forms.[3],[4] For drugs which bioavailability is limited by aqueous solubility (biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class II drugs), which is a significant number of recently discovered drug candidates, the improved solubility may lead to enhanced bioavailability.[5-7] Oral absorption of APIs depends on two broad, but crucial, events, namely drug solubilization and gastrointestinal permeation.[8] …
Hot-Melt Extrusion: A Versatile Pharmaceutical Technology, Hemlata Patil
Hot-Melt Extrusion: A Versatile Pharmaceutical Technology, Hemlata Patil
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hot-melt extrusion (HME) is a promising technology for the production of new chemical entities in the developmental pipeline and for improving products already on the market. The first objective of this research work was to describe a continuous process for the production of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) as drug-carrier systems via hot-melt extrusion (HME) using Quality by Design (QbD) principles. Fenofibrate SLN were prepared by combining two processes: HME technology for melt-emulsification and high-pressure homogenization (HPH) for size reduction. Varying the process parameters enabled the production of SLN below 200 nm. At the end of a 5-h in-vitro dissolution study, …
Biological And Psychosocial Risk Factors Of Stroke In African Americans Enrolled In The Jackson Heart Study (Jhs), Sasikiran Nunna
Biological And Psychosocial Risk Factors Of Stroke In African Americans Enrolled In The Jackson Heart Study (Jhs), Sasikiran Nunna
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Objectives: the objective of this study is to estimate the impact of biological, psychosocial and other risk factors on stroke in African Americans enrolled in the JHS and determine the population attributable risk of risk factors. Methods: this study used a nested case control design. Cases were patients with stroke during the follow up period. Corresponding controls were selected from subjects who are alive at that time period and who are at risk of stroke by matching on the person-years spent in the cohort. Odds ratios (OR) and population attributable risks (PAR) were calculated to understand the association of risk …
Examining The Association Between Leisure Coping Strategies And Mental Health Among College Students, Karolyne Helen Rehner
Examining The Association Between Leisure Coping Strategies And Mental Health Among College Students, Karolyne Helen Rehner
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Novel Approaches For Ungual And Trans-Ungual Delivery Of Drugs, Avadhesh Singh Kushwaha
Novel Approaches For Ungual And Trans-Ungual Delivery Of Drugs, Avadhesh Singh Kushwaha
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Topical therapy is commonly used for the treatment of nail diseases such as onychomycosis and nail psoriasis due to less severe side effects, non-invasiveness, direct drug delivery at the site of infection, patient compliance and lower cost of treatment. However, topical treatment is limited due to poor permeability and hard nature of nail plate. The main objective of first project was to investigate the penetrability of apremilast into and across the nail plate, folloby the preparation of a novel nail lacquer formulation to improve its ungual and trans-ungual permeation for the treatment of nail psoriasis. Dexpanthenol and salicylic acid were …
Exploring New Chemical Entities From Traditional Medicine: Docking, Synthesis And Specific Bioactivities, Chinni Yalamanchili
Exploring New Chemical Entities From Traditional Medicine: Docking, Synthesis And Specific Bioactivities, Chinni Yalamanchili
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Traditional medical systems contributed significantly to medicine with a number of their phytochemicals found to possess good biological properties. Recently, Dr. Youyou Tu was awarded the Nobel Prize (2015) for her discovery/isolation of Artemisinin from the TCM plant Artemisia annua. Our first aim is to identify active phytochemicals against botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A), and diabetes from Ayurveda and TCM, respectively, by using in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches. In our second aim, we wanted to enantioselectively synthesize scalable quantities of phytoestrogenic isoflavans such as equol and sativan. The following three chapters summarize results of the three research goals. …
Sedentary Behavior-Inducing Randomized Control Intervention On Various Health-Related Outcomes In Active, Young Adults, Meghan Edwards
Sedentary Behavior-Inducing Randomized Control Intervention On Various Health-Related Outcomes In Active, Young Adults, Meghan Edwards
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
An expansive body of literature has established the positive effects of physical activity on a number of health-related outcomes, including chronic disease prevention (both physiological and psychological). In addition to growing information regarding the benefits of physical activity, recent research has suggested the need to focus future studies on the effects of sedentary behavior (independent of physical activity) on one’s wellbeing. The majority of existing research on sedentary behavior, however, has used cross-sectional study designs. The few experimental studies on sedentary behavior have primarily focused on minimizing prolonged sedentary behavior among inactive individuals, rather than inducing sedentary behavior. We hypothesized …