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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Toward A Comprehensive Account Of Orientation Selectivity In The Retina., Megan Zipperer
Toward A Comprehensive Account Of Orientation Selectivity In The Retina., Megan Zipperer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) form functionally distinct signaling channels that selectively encode features of the visual input including direction of motion, contrast polarity, size, and color. A highly conserved visual channel amongst vertebrates conveys orientation selectivity, i.e., the selective firing of neuronal cells in response to elongated stimuli along a preferred orientation. Orientation selectivity is an apparent critical computation and several studies have reported aspects of it, including cell type identity in anatomical reconstructions, and functional characterization of at least four different identified RGC types. But how cell types in the different studies relate is not well resolved; the mechanisms …
Histone Deacetylases In Alcohol Associated Liver Disease., Srineil Bodduluri
Histone Deacetylases In Alcohol Associated Liver Disease., Srineil Bodduluri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Alcohol abuse is endemic worldwide and there is no FDA approved treatment for Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease (ALD). Many scholars have posited that targeting Histone Deacetylases (HDAC) may be therapeutic in ALD intervention. In this study, the changes in hepatic gene expression and immune phenotyping of mice undergoing chronic plus binge alcohol exposure was examined. The characterization of relative mRNA levels for all 18 HDAC were performed. Results showed decreased expression of the genes HDAC 1,7,9,10,11 and Sirtuin enzymes (SIRT) 3,4,5,7. Other pathways related to lipid metabolism as well as systemic inflammation and hepatic injury also exhibited significant changes. These altered …
The Migration And Developmental Remodeling Of Intrinsic Interneurons In Visual Thalamus And The Role Of Retinal Signaling., Naomi E. Charalambakis
The Migration And Developmental Remodeling Of Intrinsic Interneurons In Visual Thalamus And The Role Of Retinal Signaling., Naomi E. Charalambakis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the mouse is a model system to study the development of thalamic circuitry. While most studies focus on relay neurons of dLGN, little is known about the factors regulating the development of the other principal cell type, intrinsic interneurons. To date, the targeting and migratory path of dLGN interneurons as well as their morphological development remains unclear. Here we examined whether the migration, structure, and function of interneurons relies on retinal signaling. We took a loss-of-function approach and crossed GAD67-GFP mice, which express green fluorescent protein (GFP) in dLGN interneurons, with math5 nulls …
Characterizing The Gut Microbiota During Plasmodium Infection And Antimalarial Treatment., Joshua E. Denny
Characterizing The Gut Microbiota During Plasmodium Infection And Antimalarial Treatment., Joshua E. Denny
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Plasmodium, the parasitic cause of malaria, is a global pathogen, annually causing 216 million infections and 445,000 deaths. As drug resistance continues develop and no effective vaccine is available, it is critical to understand the factors underlying the severity of this disease. Plasmodium is an extra-gastrointestinal tract infection where the parasite infects red blood cells causing clinical malaria. However, recent publications have pointed to interactions between the gut microbiota and malaria. With this in mind, the role of the gut microbiota in malaria infection was studied. C57BL/6 mice from different vendors displayed differential resistance and susceptibility to severe malaria, …
Deficiency Of Rdh10 Causes Cleft Secondary Palate In Mouse., Swetha Raja
Deficiency Of Rdh10 Causes Cleft Secondary Palate In Mouse., Swetha Raja
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The focus of this project is to understand the role of Retinoic Acid (RA) produced by RDH10-mediated metabolism of Vitamin A in palate development. For 80 years now, we have known that dietary restriction of RA/Vitamin A can cause cleft palate but we have failed to understand how RA deficiency causes cleft palate. Our gap in knowledge about how RA deficiency causes cleft palate is mainly owing to the fact that we lack a model system to study such defects. The aim of this thesis research project was to determine if conditional inactivation of the Vitamin A metabolic gene Rdh10 …