Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Qualitative Exploration Of Community Ownership Of A Maternity Waiting Home Model In Rural Zambia, Constance P. Fontanet Mph, Rachel M. Fong, Jeanette L. Kaiser, Misheck Bwalya, Thandiwe Ngoma, Taryn Vian, Godfrey Biemba, Nancy A. Scott

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Context

Ownership is an important construct of sustainability for community-based health programming, though it is often not clearly defined or measured. We implemented and evaluated a community-driven maternity waiting home (MWH) model in rural Zambia. We engaged stakeholders at all levels and provided intensive mentorship to an MWH governance committee comprised of community-selected members. We then examined how different stakeholders perceive community ownership of the MWH.

Methods

We conducted 42 focus group discussions with community stakeholders (pregnant women, fathers, elders, and community health volunteers) and 161 in-depth interviews with MWH stakeholders (health facility staff, district health officials, and MWH governance …

Using Open Public Meetings And Elections To Promote Inward Transparency And Accountability: Lessons From Zambia, Taryn Vian, Rachel M. Fong, Jeanette L. Kaiser, Viviane Sakanga, Melvin Mwansa, Parker S. Chastain, Thandiwe Ngoma, Nancy Scott

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Background
Community-led governance can ensure that leaders are accountable to the populations they serve and strengthen health systems for maternal care. A key aspect of democratic accountability is electing respective governance bodies, in this case community boards, and holding public meetings to inform community members about actions taken on their behalf. After helping build and open 10 maternity waiting homes (MWHs) in rural Zambia as part of a randomized controlled trial, we assisted community governance committees to plan and execute annual meetings to present performance results and, where needed, to elect new board members.

Methods
We applied a principally qualitative …

Promoting Anti-Corruption, Transparency And Accountability To Achieve Universal Health Coverage, Theadora Koller, David Clarke, Taryn Vian

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Anti-corruption, transparency and accountability measures are often missing from efforts to promote universal health coverage. Yet, if unchecked, corruption represents a significant drain on domestic health resource and a major barrier to achieving universal health coverage and the sustainable development goals. The World Health Organization is promoting a coordinated public health approach to anti-corruption, transparency and accountability, working with global partners to create new internal control and assurance models, increase monitoring and evaluation; develop capacity for multiple stakeholders to address corruption; and strengthen normative guidance to integrate anti-corruption, transparency and accountability into WHO’s work on health systems strengthening. The articles …

Anti-Corruption, Transparency And Accountability In Health: Concepts, Frameworks, And Approaches, Taryn Vian

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Background: As called for by the Sustainable Development Goals, governments, development partners and civil society are working on anti-corruption, transparency and accountability approaches to control corruption and advance Universal Health Coverage.

Objectives: The objective of this review is to summarize concepts, frameworks, and approaches used to identify corruption risks and consequences of corruption on health systems and outcomes. We also inventory interventions to fight corruption and increase transparency and accountability.

Methods: We performed a critical review based on a systematic search of literature in PubMed and Web of Science and reviewed background papers and presentations from two …

A Review Of The Literature On Corruption In Healthcare Organizations, Vincenzo Sforza, Riccardo Cimini, Alessandro Mechelli, Taryn Vian

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

This paper provides a systematic and bibliometric review of 80 research articles on corruption in healthcare published in peer-reviewed journals between 2006 and 2017. Findings suggest that the number of studies has increased over time with a focus on low- and middle-income countries; academic researchers have published papers in a large variety of journals and have investigated different types of corruption with various methodologies. The interest is especially focused on low- and middle-income countries where corrupt behaviors are more common. The paper suggests future research directions to a dynamic research community to facilitate anticorruption actions by public authorities.

Evaluating Implementation Effectiveness And Sustainability Of A Maternity Waiting Homes Intervention To Improve Access To Safe Delivery In Rural Zambia: A Mixed-Methods Protocol, Elizabeth G. Henry, Thandiwe Ngoma, Jeanette L. Kaiser, Rachel M. Fong, Taryn Vian, Davidson H. Hamer, Peter C. Rockers, Godfrey Biemba, Nancy A. Scott

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Background: In low-income countries such as Zambia, where maternal mortality rates are persistently high, maternity waiting homes (MWHs) represent one potential strategy to improve access to safe delivery, especially for women living in remote areas. The Maternity Homes Access in Zambia project (MAHMAZ) is evaluating the impact of a MWH model on women’s access to safe delivery in rural Zambia. There is a growing need to understand not only the effectiveness of interventions but also the effectiveness of their implementation in order to appropriately interpret outcomes. There is little evidence to guide effective implementation of MWH for both immediate uptake …

Musical Expertise Generalizes To Superior Temporal Scaling In A Morse Code Tapping Task, Matthew A. Slayton, Juan L. Romero-Sosa, Katrina Shore, Dean V. Buonomano, Indre Viskontas

Psychology

A key feature of the brain’s ability to tell time and generate complex temporal patterns is its capacity to produce similar temporal patterns at different speeds. For example, humans can tie a shoe, type, or play an instrument at different speeds or tempi—a phenomenon referred to as temporal scaling. While it is well established that training improves timing precision and accuracy, it is not known whether expertise improves temporal scaling, and if so, whether it generalizes across skill domains. We quantified temporal scaling and timing precision in musicians and non-musicians as they learned to tap a Morse code sequence. We …

Differences In Evaluating Fall Risk By Primary Care Provider Type, Janice Mark, Yara K. Haddad, Elizabeth R. Burns

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

This study assessed differences in clinical fall risk assessment of older adults (65+) and clinical resources used by primary care providers (PCP). We used Porter Novelli's 2016 DocStyles survey to examine clinical behavior data from PCPs (n=1128). Compared to other practitioners, nurse practitioners (NP) reported a higher percentage of their patients were older adults. The majority of NPs reported screening for falls risk routinely, but most did not use standardized fall-risk assessments to assess risk factors. There were also differences in the types of clinical resources used by NPs and other PCPs to evaluate the safety profile of medications.

Leveraging The Power Of Mutual Aid, Coalitions, Leadership, And Advocacy During Covid-19, Daniela Domínguez, Dellanira García, David A. Martínez, Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga

Psychology

The COVID-19 pandemic has shed light on the norms, patterns, and power structures in the United States that privilege certain groups of people over others. This manuscript describes COVID-19 as an unprecedented catalyst for social transformation that underscores the need for multi-level and cross-sectoral solutions to address systemic changes to improve health equity for all. The authors propose that the American Psychological Association and its membership can initiate systemic change, in part, by: (a) supporting mutual aid organizations that prioritize the needs of vulnerable communities; (b) leveraging the efforts and strides APA psychologists have already made within the association, in …

Selecting A Journal For Your Manuscript: A 4-Step Process, Claire Olivia Sharifi, Robin Buccheri

Gleeson Library Faculty and Staff Research and Scholarship

Background Identifying the most appropriate journal for a manuscript can be challenging for both experienced and novice nurse authors. Several factors should be considered when selecting a journal (e.g., peer-reviewed, target audience, type of manuscripts accepted, type of copyright and publishing model used). Selecting the most appropriate journal can save time for both authors and publishers.

Purpose The purpose of this article is to provide nurses, particularly those new to scholarly publishing, with clear, plain language guidance on the processes and considerations involved in selecting a journal for publication.

Methods A librarian and a nurse educator collaborated to develop an …