Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Role Of Imaging In Rhinology, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

This E book discusses the role of imaging in rhinology. Since this book has been authored by an otolaryngologist it goes without saying that a surgeon's perspective will be evident throughout the book. It contains about 250 CT scan images with succinct description.

Community Health Worker Interventions For Latinos With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Tariana V. Little, Monica L. Wang, Eida M. Castro, Julio Jiménez, Milagros C. Rosal

Tariana V. Little

This systematic review aimed to synthesize glucose (HbA1c) outcomes of community health worker (CHW)-delivered interventions for Latinos with type 2 diabetes that were tested in randomized controlled trials and to summarize characteristics of the targeted populations and interventions, including the background, training, and supervision of the CHWs. Searches of PubMed and Google Scholar databases and references from selected articles identified 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Of these, seven reported statistically significant improvements in HbA1c. Study participants were largely low-income, female, and Spanish-speaking and had uncontrolled diabetes. The CHWs led the interventions alone, in pairs, or as part of …

Cavernous Hemangioma Uvula An Interesting Case Report And Review Of Literature, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Elongated uvula is mostly asymptomatic. In rare instances it may be come symptomatic. This article discusses a patient who presented with intractable cough due to cavernous hemangioma involving uvula. Uvula in this patient was found to be in contact with the posterior portion of the tongue. This case is being presented for its rarity.

Odontogenic Keratocyst Mandible An Interesting Case Report And Literature Review, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Geetha Ramamoorthy

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

The term odontogenic keratocyst was first described by Philipsen in 1956. This cyst actually arises from the cell rests of dental lamina. It can occur anywhere in the jaw but is commonly seen in the posterior part of the mandible. Since the clinical features and radiological appearance are not characteristic this condition is commonly misdiagnosed. This is more so when the lesion is related to the nonvital tooth. Odontogenic keratocyst has been rechristened as keratocystic odontogenic tumor by WHO working group in 2005. This was necessitated to differentiate this lesion from its orthokeratinizing variant which is currently considered as odontogenic …

Subperiosteal Hematoma Of Orbit An Interesting Case Report And Review Of Literature, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Subperiosteal Hematoma orbit is an uncommon disorder which may occur following injury to orbit. Of course there are other causes that cause this condition as well. This condition has been reported in young adults. This case report discusses a patient who developed subperiosteal hematoma following trivial injury to orbit. Since this condition had occurred following trivial injury to orbit diagnosis was not made pre operatively. It was discovered only on the table. A high index of suspicion and an accurate history is necessary to identify this condition. This case is being reported not only for its rarity but also to …

Endoscopic Orbital Decompression, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Orbital decompression surgery has been indicated in patients with compressive optic neuropathy, severe corneal exposure, cosmetic deformity due to proptosis. Traditional orbital decompression approaches were fraught with complications. With the advent of nasal endoscopes decompression is being carried out transnasally under endoscopic guidance. The entire medial wall of orbit can be taken down transnasally using nasal endoscope, and the inferior wall of orbit can be removed using the same approach. Currently endoscopic orbital decompression is being preformed commonly with very minimal complications. The aim of this paper is to review the current literature on the subject.

Orbital Complications Of Sinusitis A Review, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Introduction: Despite availability of excellent antibiotics, orbital complications’ following sinusitis is rather common. With the emergence of fungal sinusitis orbital involvement by the disease is getting frequent. Prevalence of life style disorders like diabetes mellitus has added to the woes. This article attempts to review the entire gamut of orbital complications following sinus infections. Aim: This study aims at analyzing orbital complications following sinusitis at Government Stanley Medical College Hospital during the period 2009 – 2013. Study design: Retrospective study Methodology: Cases with rhinosinusitis treated in our Institution during the period 2009-2013 were taken up for analysis. 112 patients were …

Patterns Of Orbital Disorders, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

This article discusses various patterns of presentations of orbital lesions. Since this article has been authored by an otolaryngologist, the entire concept has been viewed from otolaryngologist's angle. With the advent of nasal endoscope trans nasal access to orbit is becoming the order of the day. Major advantage being that external skin incision is avoided.

Laying The Tears Highway- A Drive Through Endo-Dcr, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Srikamakshi Kothandaraman

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

This article is an attempt to review the technique of Dacryocystorhinostomy in the treatment of epiphora and bring to light the various modifications that have been developed in recent times to refine the procedure and optimize the outcome of surgery.

The Scientific Foundations Of The American Red Cross Cpr Training Standards, Richard N. Bradley

Richard N Bradley

The CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) training and certification standards established by the ARC (American Red Cross) are based on a scientific review of the best available published literature. Minimal difference are present between the ARC and other national training organizations. These differences result from differing organizational opinions on the best way to implement standards from limited scientific evidence.

Ultrasound-Guided Interscalene-Supraclavicular Block For An Intramedullary Nailing Of A Pathologic Humeral Fracture: Practical Application Of Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia, Christian Falyar

Christian R Falyar

Fractures of the proximal upper extremity present a challenge to the anesthesia provider when administering a regional anesthetic because the dermatomal distribution of the upper extremity requires more local anesthetic coverage than any single brachial plexus nerve block can provide. A 60-year-old woman underwent intramedullary nailing of a pathologic humeral fracture using a combination of regional and general anesthesia. This case study shows how ultrasound guidance permitted the performance of both an interscalene and supraclavicular nerve block for a single procedure without the increased volume of local anesthetic that would normally be required, while still providing complete coverage of the …

Dose Expansion Cohorts In Phase I Trials, Alexia Iasonos, John O'Quigley

Alexia Iasonos

A rapidly increasing number of Phase I dose-finding studies, and in particular those based on the standard 3+3 design, frequently prolong the study and include dose expansion cohorts (DEC) with the goal to better characterize the toxicity profiles of experimental agents and to study disease specific cohorts. These trials consist of two phases: the usual dose escalation phase that aims to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose expansion phase that accrues additional patients, often with different eligibility criteria, and where additional information is being collected. Current protocols typically do not specify whether the MTD will be updated …

Thoracic And Lumbar Spinal Surgery Under Local Anesthesia For Patients With Multiple Comorbidities: A Consecutive Case Series, Muhammad Babar Khan, Rajesh Kumar Mbbs, Fcps, Syed Ather Enam Md, Phd, Frcs, Facs

Muhammad Babar Khan

Background: Although some patients with symptomatic spinal disease may benefit greatly from surgery, their multiple attendant comorbidities may make general anesthesia risky or contraindicated. However, there is scarce literature describing the efficacy and safety of local anesthesia to perform these operations. Here we report seven patients who successfully underwent spinal surgery utilizing local anesthesia to limit the risks and complications of general anesthesia.

Methods: Seven patients for whom general anesthesia was contraindicated were prospectively followed for a minimum of 3 months following spinal surgery performed under local anesthesia. Pain and functional improvement were assessed utilizing the Visual Analog Scores (VAS) …

Catastrophic Incident Search And Rescue Lessons From The 2013 Colorado Floods, Thomas Miner, Richard N. Bradley

Richard N Bradley

The response to the Colorado floods is a textbook example of how to respond to catastrophic disasters Responders from hundreds of different organizations came together to form a single coordinated, unified command structure that resulted in the rapid and effective evacuation and rescue of hundreds of people in just three days. Local responders performed hundreds of highly dangerous rescues during the height of the storm. They established incident command at the county level using type 3 incident command teams. When they realized they were facing an unprecedented storm with catastrophic damage they asked for help and state and federal responders …

My Cv (2014), Hossein Gholizadeh

Hossein Gholizadeh

No abstract provided.

Presbyacusis A Review, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Life expectancy of Humans is on the rise. World’s human population is aging rapidly. According to a report of US census Bureau nearly 24% of current world population is above the age of 50. This is a phenomenal number. Hearing loss due to degenerative process is rather common in old age. Presbyacusis is defined as a progressive bilateral symmetrical age related sensorineural hearing loss. The hearing loss is confined to higher frequencies. This causes a greater burden on them considering the fact that they already have failing eyesight. This article attempts to review the current scenario pertaining to Presbyacusis with …

Obstetric Emergencies, Si Lay Khaing

Khaing Si Lay

Life Saving, The obstetric patient is unique in medicine as two or more lives are involved with the challenge of needing to balance the sometimes conflicting interests of the mother and her fetus within a pregnant physiology.

Mutational Falsetto: A Panoramic Consideration, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Srikamakshi Kothandaraman

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

This article is intended to present everything that is known about puberphonia in a comprehensive yet concise manner. The evolution of the approach and attitude to its treatment from ancient concepts to recent trends is highlighted.

Bayesian Joint Selection Of Genes And Pathways: Applications In Multiple Myeloma Genomics, Lin Zhang, Jeffrey S. Morris, Jiexin Zhang, Robert Orlowski, Veerabhadran Baladandayuthapani

Jeffrey S. Morris

It is well-established that the development of a disease, especially cancer, is a complex process that results from the joint effects of multiple genes involved in various molecular signaling pathways. In this article, we propose methods to discover genes and molecular pathways significantly associ- ated with clinical outcomes in cancer samples. We exploit the natural hierarchal structure of genes related to a given pathway as a group of interacting genes to conduct selection of both pathways and genes. We posit the problem in a hierarchical structured variable selection (HSVS) framework to analyze the corresponding gene expression data. HSVS methods conduct …

Dose Expansion Cohorts In Phase I Trials, Alexia Iasonos, John O'Quigley

Alexia Iasonos

A rapidly increasing number of Phase I dose-finding studies, and in particular those based on the standard 3+3 design, frequently prolong the study and include dose expansion cohorts (DEC) with the goal to better characterize the toxicity profiles of experimental agents and to study disease specific cohorts. These trials consist of two phases: the usual dose escalation phase that aims to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose expansion phase that accrues additional patients, often with different eligibility criteria, and where additional information is being collected. Current protocols typically do not specify whether the MTD will be updated …