Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Medically Tailored Meals As A Prescription For Treatment Of Food-Insecure Type 2 Diabetics, Leslie J. Rabaut

Aurora Family Medicine Residents

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an immense burden to the health of our population and to our current health care system, and the weight of this burden is only projected to multiply in coming years. A nutritious diet is an indispensable aspect of diabetes treatment, and the lack of access to food engenders poor disease-state control, which correlates with increased health care utilization. Interventions aimed at improving access to food through medically tailored meals (MTMs) have demonstrated effectiveness in improving the health of food-insecure type 2 diabetic patients and reducing health care costs. Further studies are necessary to increase the …

Hdl Subfraction Changes With A Low-Fat, Plant-Based Complete Health Improvement Program (Chip), Lillian Kent, Ross Grant, Greg Watts, Darren Morton, Paul Rankin, Ewan Ward

Ross Grant

Background and Objectives: Low HDL concentrations are considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Interventions promoting a low-fat, plant-based eating pattern appear to reduce CVD risk while paradoxically also reducing HDL concentrations. Recent studies show HDL to comprise a range of subfractions, but the role these play in ameliorating the risk of CVD is unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterise changes in HDL subfractions in participants where HDL decreased following the CHIP intervention which promotes a low-fat, plant-based diet, with physical activity. Methods and Study Design: Individuals (n=22; mean age=55.4±16.3 years; 45.5% men, 54.5% women) participating …

Penis Sakit Keluar Nanah Kombinasi Antibiotik Untuk Gonore, Vanessa-Anggel Com

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Penis Sakit Keluar Nanah Apa Itu Game Pes, Butulanbutulanbutulan10 Butulanbutulanbutulan10

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Hdl Subfraction Changes With A Low-Fat, Plant-Based Complete Health Improvement Program (Chip), Lillian Kent, Ross Grant, Greg Watts, Darren Morton, Paul Rankin, Ewan Ward

Darren Morton

Background and Objectives: Low HDL concentrations are considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Interventions promoting a low-fat, plant-based eating pattern appear to reduce CVD risk while paradoxically also reducing HDL concentrations. Recent studies show HDL to comprise a range of subfractions, but the role these play in ameliorating the risk of CVD is unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterise changes in HDL subfractions in participants where HDL decreased following the CHIP intervention which promotes a low-fat, plant-based diet, with physical activity. Methods and Study Design: Individuals (n=22; mean age=55.4±16.3 years; 45.5% men, 54.5% women) participating …

Hdl Subfraction Changes With A Low-Fat, Plant-Based Complete Health Improvement Program (Chip), Lillian Kent, Ross Grant, Greg Watts, Darren Morton, Paul Rankin, Ewan Ward

Lillian Kent

Background and Objectives: Low HDL concentrations are considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Interventions promoting a low-fat, plant-based eating pattern appear to reduce CVD risk while paradoxically also reducing HDL concentrations. Recent studies show HDL to comprise a range of subfractions, but the role these play in ameliorating the risk of CVD is unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterise changes in HDL subfractions in participants where HDL decreased following the CHIP intervention which promotes a low-fat, plant-based diet, with physical activity. Methods and Study Design: Individuals (n=22; mean age=55.4±16.3 years; 45.5% men, 54.5% women) participating …

Role Of Dietary Components In Modulating Hypertension, Andrew Feyh, Lucas Bracero, Hari Vishal Lakhani, Prasanna Santhanam, Joseph I. Shapiro Md, Zeid Khitan Md, Komal Sodhi

Zeid J. Khitan

Hypertension is a major health issue, particularly in medically underserved populations that may suffer from poor health literacy, poverty, and limited access to healthcare resources. Management of the disease reduces the risk of adverse outcomes, such as cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events, vision impairment due to retinal damage, and renal failure. In addition to pharmacological therapy, lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise are effective in managing hypertension. Current diet guidelines include the DASH diet, a low-fat and low-sodium diet that encourages high consumption of fruits and vegetables. While the diet is effective in controlling hypertension, adherence to the diet is …

Role Of Dietary Components In Modulating Hypertension, Andrew Feyh, Lucas Bracero, Hari Vishal Lakhani, Prasanna Santhanam, Joseph I. Shapiro Md, Zeid Khitan Md, Komal Sodhi

Joseph I Shapiro MD

Hypertension is a major health issue, particularly in medically underserved populations that may suffer from poor health literacy, poverty, and limited access to healthcare resources. Management of the disease reduces the risk of adverse outcomes, such as cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events, vision impairment due to retinal damage, and renal failure. In addition to pharmacological therapy, lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise are effective in managing hypertension. Current diet guidelines include the DASH diet, a low-fat and low-sodium diet that encourages high consumption of fruits and vegetables. While the diet is effective in controlling hypertension, adherence to the diet is …

The Complete Health Improvement Program (Chip), Darren Morton

Darren Morton

Over 2,000 years ago Hippocrates asserted: "Food and exercise... work together to produce health". Evidence for the wisdom of this Hippocratic council emerged throughout the 20th Century as large epidemiological studies, including the Framingham Heart Study, Nurses Health Study, EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) and the Adventist Health Study, highlighted the relationship between lifestyle and disease.

Trends In Bmi, Diet And Lifestyle Between 1976 And 2005 In North Sydney, Lillian Kent, Anthony Worsley

Lillian Kent

Although the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australia has increased during the past 30 years, little is known about the dietary and behavioural antecedents of body mass index (BMI). We examined changes in mean BMI, diet, and other lifestyle behaviours between 1976 and 2005 and described the cross-sectional associations between these factors and BMI. A series of biennial biomedical surveys by Sydney Adventist Hospital from 1976 to 2005 allowed examination of BMI trends, while the selection of three surveys enabled detailed examination of likely dietary and lifestyle associations. Subjects included in this study were: 384 men and 338 women …

Does The Prescriptive Lifestyle Of Seventh-Day Adventists Provide Immunity From The Secular Effects Of Changes In Bmi?, Lillian Kent, Anthony Worsley

Lillian Kent

Objective: To examine the effect of Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) membership on ‘immunity’ to the secular effects of changes in BMI.

Design: Three independent, cross-sectional, screening surveys conducted by Sydney Adventist Hospital in 1976, 1986 and 1988 and a survey conducted among residents of Melbourne in 2006.

Subjects: Two hundred and fifty-two SDA and 464 non-SDA in 1976; 166 SDA and 291 non-SDA in 1986; 120 SDA and 300-non SDA in 1988; and 251 SDA and 294 non-SDA in 2006.

Measurements: Height and weight measured by hospital staff in 1976, 1986 and 1988; self-reported by respondents in 2006.

Results …

Dha Prevents Altered 5-Ht1a, 5-Ht2a, Cb1 And Gabaa Receptor Binding Densities In The Brain Of Male Rats Fed A High-Saturated-Fat Diet, Yinghua Yu, Yizhen Wu, Craig Patch, Zhixiang Wu, Alexander Szabo, Duo Li, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Low levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been linked to a number of mental illnesses such as memory loss, depression and schizophrenia. While supplementation of DHA is beneficial in improving memory and cognition, the influence of dietary fats on the neurotransmitters and receptors involved in cognitive function is still not known. The aim of this study was to investigate serotonin receptor (5-HT1A and 5-HT2A), cannabinoid receptor (CB1) and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor binding densities in the brain of male rats fed a high-saturated-fat (HF) diet, as well as the effect of DHA supplementation on HF diet. Alterations of …

A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …

A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …

A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …

A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang

Xu-Feng Huang

Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …

Validity Of A Food Frequency Questionnaire To Assess Nutritional Intake Among Sri Lankan Adults, Ranil Jayawardena, Nuala Byrne, Mario Soares, Prasad Katulanda, Andrew P. Hills

Nuala Byrne

Sri Lanka is undergoing nutritional transition and diet-related chronic diseases are emerging as an important health problem. Currently, no validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) exists to measure habitual dietary intake of Sri Lankan adults. The purpose of the study is to assess the validity of a semi-quantitative FFQ and 7-day weighed-intake dietary records (7DWR), designed to assess dietary intake among Sri Lankan adults. Dietary intake was measured using both a FFQ and 7DWR. The FFQ consisted of 8 food groups containing the main foods comprising the diet of Sri Lankan adults, a total of 85 items and 12 color photographs …

Effect Of 1-H Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise On Intramyocellular Lipids In Obese Men Before And After A Lifestyle Intervention, Stephanie Ipavec-Levasseur, Ilaria Croci, Stephane Choquette, Nuala Byrne, Gary Cowin, Trisha O'Moore-Sullivan, Johannes Prins, Ingrid Hickman

Nuala Byrne

Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) are depleted in response to an acute bout of exercise in lean endurance-trained individuals; however, it is unclear whether changes in IMCL content are also seen in response to acute and chronic exercise in obese individuals. We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 18 obese men and 5 normal-weight controls to assess IMCL content before and after an hour of cycling at the intensity corresponding with each participant’s maximal whole-body rate of fat oxidation (Fatmax). Fatmax was determined via indirect calorimetry during a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. The same outcome measures were reassessed in the …

A Case Control Study Of Nutrient Intake Deficiencies In Patients Taking Warfarin, Philip Riley Iv, Kim Lucas Day, Md, George M. Yousef, Md, Sirisha Devabhaktuni, Md, Ashley N. Gaing, Lynne J. Goebel, Md

George M. Yousef

Introduction We previously published the case of a woman taking warfarin who was found to have scurvy, a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. This led us to hypothesize that patients taking warfarin who consume a diet limited in vitamin K rich foods may be at risk for other nutrient deficiencies. To test our hypothesis, we studied dietary nutrient intake in patients taking warfarin compared to patients with heart disease not taking warfarin. Methods The warfarin (n=59) and control groups (n=24) comprised convenience samples of patients with heart disease over age 60 years. Patients completed a three-day food …

A Case Control Study Of Nutrient Intake Deficiencies In Patients Taking Warfarin, Philip Riley Iv, Kim Lucas Day, Md, George M. Yousef, Md, Sirisha Devabhaktuni, Md, Ashley N. Gaing, Lynne J. Goebel, Md

Lynne J. Goebel

Introduction We previously published the case of a woman taking warfarin who was found to have scurvy, a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. This led us to hypothesize that patients taking warfarin who consume a diet limited in vitamin K rich foods may be at risk for other nutrient deficiencies. To test our hypothesis, we studied dietary nutrient intake in patients taking warfarin compared to patients with heart disease not taking warfarin. Methods The warfarin (n=59) and control groups (n=24) comprised convenience samples of patients with heart disease over age 60 years. Patients completed a three-day food …

Oat Β-Glucan Supplementation Does Not Enhance The Effectiveness Of An Energy-Restricted Diet In Overweight Women, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang

Dr Marijka Batterham

Epidemiological evidence shows an inverse relationship between dietary fibre intake and body weight gain. Oat β-glucan, a soluble fibre alters appetite hormones and subjective satiety in acute meal test studies, but its effects have not been demonstrated with chronic consumption. The present study aimed to test the effects in women of two different doses of oat β-glucan on weight loss and hormones associated with appetite regulation. In a 3-month parallel trial, sixty-six overweight females were randomised into one of three 2 MJ energy-deficit diets: a control and two interventions including 5–6 g or 8–9 g β-glucan. Anthropometric and metabolic variables …

Proyecto Mama: A Lifestyle Intervention In Overweight And Obese Hispanic Women: A Randomised Controlled Trial--Study Protocol, Lisa Chasan-Taber, Bess H. Marcus, Milagros C. Rosal, Katherine L. Tucker, Sheri J. Hartman, Penelope S. Pekow, Edward J. Stanek Iii, Barry Braun, Caren G. Solomon, Joanne Manson, Sarah L. Goff, Glenn Markenson

Sarah L. Goff MD

BACKGROUND: The proportion of women entering pregnancy overweight or obese has been rising and, in turn, is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Gestational weight gain (GWG) exceeding Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines further increases health risks and has been independently associated with postpartum weight retention. Hispanic women are disproportionately affected by overweight and obesity, but have had limited access to interventions that promote healthy lifestyles due to cultural, socioeconomic, and language barriers. Therefore, the overall goal of this randomized controlled trial is to test the efficacy of a culturally and linguistically modified, individually-tailored lifestyle intervention to reduce excess …

Television Watching, Diet Quality, And Physical Activity And Diabetes Among Three Ethnicities In The United States, Fatma G. Huffman, Joan A. Vaccaro, Joel C. Exebio, Gustavo C. Zarini, Timothy Katz, Zisca Dixon

Joan A. Vaccaro

Diabetes is a world-wide epidemic associated with multiple environmental factors. Prolonged television viewing (TV) time has been related to increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in several studies. TV viewing has been positively associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors, lower energy expenditure, over-eating high-calorie and high-fat foods. The objective of this study was to assess the associations of hours of TV viewing with dietary quality, obesity and physical activity for three ethnic minorities with and without type 2 diabetes. Diet quality and physical activity were inversely related to prolonged TV viewing. African Americans and participants with type 2 …

Health Professionals’ Roles In Animal Agriculture, Climate Change, And Human Health, Aysha Z. Akhtar, Michael Greger, Hope Ferdowsian, Erica Frank

Michael Greger, MD, FACLM

What we eat is rapidly becoming an issue of global concern. With food shortages, the rise in chronic disease, and global warming, the impact of our dietary choices seems more relevant today than ever. Globally, a transition is taking place toward greater consumption of foods of animal origin, in lieu of plantbased diets. With this transition comes intensification of animal agriculture that in turn is associated with the emergence of zoonotic infectious diseases, environmental degradation, and the epidemics of chronic disease and obesity. Health professionals should be aware of these trends and consider them as they promote healthier and more …

العودة للمدارس مع السلياك, Suad Fahad Alfuraih

Dr. Suad Fahad AlFuraih

Back to school with a celiac kid is a big issue for parents, especially in Arabic region where gluten free food and awareness about the disease is so rare

تويتي و نحول يكتشفان السلياك, Suad Fahad Alfuraih

Dr. Suad Fahad AlFuraih

قصة للأطفال عن مرض السلياك رقم 3

Teasaponin Reduces Inflammation And Central Leptin Resistance In Diet-Induced Obese Male Mice, Yinghua Yu, Yizhen Wu, Alexander Szabo, Zhixiang Wu, Hongqin Wang, Duo Li, Xu-Feng Huang

Yizhen Wu

Chronic inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Recently, teasaponin, an extract from tea, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects. We examined the effect of teasaponin on obesity, inflammation, glucose metabolism and central leptin sensitivity, in obese mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet for 16 weeks. Intraperitoneal injections of teasaponin (10mg/kg, daily) for 21 days significantly decreased the food intake and body weight of HF diet-induced obese mice. Teasaponin treatment also reduced the protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and/or IL-1β) and NF-κB signaling (p-IKK and p-IκBα) in adipose tissue and the liver. …

Teasaponin Reduces Inflammation And Central Leptin Resistance In Diet-Induced Obese Male Mice, Yinghua Yu, Yizhen Wu, Alexander Szabo, Zhixiang Wu, Hongqin Wang, Duo Li, Xu-Feng Huang

Yizhen Wu

Chronic inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Recently, teasaponin, an extract from tea, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects. We examined the effect of teasaponin on obesity, inflammation, glucose metabolism and central leptin sensitivity, in obese mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet for 16 weeks. Intraperitoneal injections of teasaponin (10mg/kg, daily) for 21 days significantly decreased the food intake and body weight of HF diet-induced obese mice. Teasaponin treatment also reduced the protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and/or IL-1β) and NF-κB signaling (p-IKK and p-IκBα) in adipose tissue and the liver. …

Dha Prevents Altered 5-Ht1a, 5-Ht2a, Cb1 And Gabaa Receptor Binding Densities In The Brain Of Male Rats Fed A High-Saturated-Fat Diet, Yinghua Yu, Yizhen Wu, Craig Patch, Zhixiang Wu, Alexander Szabo, Duo Li, Xu-Feng Huang

Yizhen Wu

Low levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been linked to a number of mental illnesses such as memory loss, depression and schizophrenia. While supplementation of DHA is beneficial in improving memory and cognition, the influence of dietary fats on the neurotransmitters and receptors involved in cognitive function is still not known. The aim of this study was to investigate serotonin receptor (5-HT1A and 5-HT2A), cannabinoid receptor (CB1) and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor binding densities in the brain of male rats fed a high-saturated-fat (HF) diet, as well as the effect of DHA supplementation on HF diet. Alterations of …

Teasaponin Improves Central Leptin Sensitivity In High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice, Y Wu, Xu-Feng Huang, Y Yu

Yizhen Wu

Purpose: Leptin promotes negative energy balance by suppressing energy intake (EI) and elevating energy expenditure through its central action. Central leptin resistance is a hallmark of diet-induced obesity (DIO). Oral administration of teasaponin (TS) can reduce body weight and fat mass. However, little is known if TS has benefit effect in improving central leptin sensitivity. This study investigated the effects of TS on central leptin sensitivity and leptin signalling in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) of DIO mice. Methods: After 15 weeks of high-fat diet, DIO mice (n=40) were divided into two groups received either intraperitoneal (ip) injection of TS …