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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
C-Amp Dependent Protein Kinase A Inhibitory Activity Of Six Algal Extracts From South Eastern Australia And Their Fatty Acid Composition, Ana Zivanovic, Danielle Skropeta
C-Amp Dependent Protein Kinase A Inhibitory Activity Of Six Algal Extracts From South Eastern Australia And Their Fatty Acid Composition, Ana Zivanovic, Danielle Skropeta
Danielle Skropeta
c-AMP dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A, PKA) is an important enzyme involved in the regulation of an increasing number of physiological processes including immune function, cardiovascular disease, memory disorders and cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the PKA inhibitory activity of a range of algal extracts, along with their fatty acid composition. Six algal species were investigated including two Chlorophyta (Codium dimorphum and Ulva lactuca), two Phaeophyta (Phyllospora comosa and Sargassum sp.) and two Rhodophyta (Prionitis linearis and Corallina vancouveriensis), with the order of PKA inhibitory activity of their extracts identified as follows: brown seaweeds > red …
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nitrifying Activated Sludge And Whole-Cell And Crude Enzyme Extract Of Trametes Versicolor, Shufan Yang, Faisal I. Hai, Long D. Nghiem, Felicity Roddick, William E. Price
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nitrifying Activated Sludge And Whole-Cell And Crude Enzyme Extract Of Trametes Versicolor, Shufan Yang, Faisal I. Hai, Long D. Nghiem, Felicity Roddick, William E. Price
William E. Price
The resistance of certain anthropogenic trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) to conventional wastewater treatment and their potential adverse effects on human and ecological health raise significant concerns and have prompted research on their bioremediation by white-rot fungi. This study compared the removal efficiencies of four widespread TrOCs: carbamazepine (CBZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), bisphenol A (BPA) and diclofenac (DCF), by nitrifying activated sludge as well as whole-cell and extracellular enzyme (laccase) extract of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor. Fungal whole-cell culture removed only BPA and DCF but with high efficiencies (>90%) while the mixed nitrifying culture removed all compounds, although by levels …
Teasaponin Improves Central Leptin Sensitivity In High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice, Y Wu, Xu-Feng Huang, Y Yu
Teasaponin Improves Central Leptin Sensitivity In High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice, Y Wu, Xu-Feng Huang, Y Yu
Yizhen Wu
Purpose: Leptin promotes negative energy balance by suppressing energy intake (EI) and elevating energy expenditure through its central action. Central leptin resistance is a hallmark of diet-induced obesity (DIO). Oral administration of teasaponin (TS) can reduce body weight and fat mass. However, little is known if TS has benefit effect in improving central leptin sensitivity. This study investigated the effects of TS on central leptin sensitivity and leptin signalling in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) of DIO mice. Methods: After 15 weeks of high-fat diet, DIO mice (n=40) were divided into two groups received either intraperitoneal (ip) injection of TS …
An Assessment Of The Bhutanese Traditional Medicine For Its Ethnopharmacology, Ethnobotany And Ethnoquality: Textual Understanding And The Current Practices, Phurpa Wangchuk, Stephen G. Pyne, Paul A. Keller
An Assessment Of The Bhutanese Traditional Medicine For Its Ethnopharmacology, Ethnobotany And Ethnoquality: Textual Understanding And The Current Practices, Phurpa Wangchuk, Stephen G. Pyne, Paul A. Keller
Paul Keller
Ethnopharmacological relevance : This study involves the assessment of the Bhutanese traditional medicine (BTM) which was integrated with the mainstream biomedicine in 1967 to provide primary health care services in the country. It caters to 20-30% of the daily out-patients within 49 traditional medicine units attached to 20 district modern hospitals and 29 Basic Health Units in the country. Aim of the study : This study presents the ethnopharmacological, ethnobotanical and the ethnoquality concepts in relation to mainstream Tibetan medicine and describes the current practices of BTM. Materials and methods : Experienced BTM practitioners (Drung-tshos and Smen-pas) were selected using …
Time-Dependent Ghrelinergic Signaling And Hyperphagia Induced By Olanzapine, Q Zhang, M He, J Lian, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Time-Dependent Ghrelinergic Signaling And Hyperphagia Induced By Olanzapine, Q Zhang, M He, J Lian, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Qingsheng Zhang
Olanzapine is widely used to treat schizophrenia and other mental diseases. Interestingly, although increased body weight is evident throughout the course of olanzapine treatment, elevated food intake only appears in relatively shorter term. Olanzapine can modulate ghrelin levels, which may upregulate neuropeptide Y (NPY) secretion at hypothalamus. Brain-specific homeobox transcription factor (BSX) may also be involved in ghrelin-induced hyperphagia. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of olanzapine on central NPY, BSX and plasma ghrelin levels, and their relationship to food intake. METHODS: Rats were treated with olanzapine (1mg/kg, orally, 3x/day, n=12/group) or vehicle for 1 week, 2 weeks, or 5 weeks. …
Time-Dependant Alterations Of Hypothalamic Energy Regulatory Network By Olanzapine In Rats, Q Zhang, M He, Hongqin Wang, J Lian, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Time-Dependant Alterations Of Hypothalamic Energy Regulatory Network By Olanzapine In Rats, Q Zhang, M He, Hongqin Wang, J Lian, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Qingsheng Zhang
Abstract of a paper that presented at the Australian Neuroscience Society 32nd Annual meeting.
Bacterial Filtration Using Carbon Nanotube/Antibiotic Buckypaper Membranes, Luke J. Sweetman, Leighton J. Alcock, Jason D. Mcarthur, Elise M. Stewart, Gerry Triani, Marc In Het Panhuis, Stephen F. Ralph
Bacterial Filtration Using Carbon Nanotube/Antibiotic Buckypaper Membranes, Luke J. Sweetman, Leighton J. Alcock, Jason D. Mcarthur, Elise M. Stewart, Gerry Triani, Marc In Het Panhuis, Stephen F. Ralph
Luke Sweetman
The preparation of free-standing carbon nanotube “buckypaper” (BP) membranes consisting of either single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), and the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (cipro), is reported. The electrical, mechanical and morphological properties of these membranes have been characterised and are compared to those of the corresponding buckypaper membranes containing the surfactant Triton X-100 (Trix). Analysis of scanning electron microscopic images of the surfaces of SWNT/cipro and SWNT/Trix (Trix = Triton X-100) buckypapers revealed that the diameter of their surface pores was significantly smaller than that of the corresponding materials prepared using MWNTs. Similarly, the average internal pore diameter …
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nitrifying Activated Sludge And Whole-Cell And Crude Enzyme Extract Of Trametes Versicolor, Shufan Yang, Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem, Felicity Roddick, William Price
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nitrifying Activated Sludge And Whole-Cell And Crude Enzyme Extract Of Trametes Versicolor, Shufan Yang, Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem, Felicity Roddick, William Price
Faisal I Hai
The resistance of certain anthropogenic trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) to conventional wastewater treatment and their potential adverse effects on human and ecological health raise significant concerns and have prompted research on their bioremediation by white-rot fungi. This study compared the removal efficiencies of four widespread TrOCs: carbamazepine (CBZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), bisphenol A (BPA) and diclofenac (DCF), by nitrifying activated sludge as well as whole-cell and extracellular enzyme (laccase) extract of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor. Fungal whole-cell culture removed only BPA and DCF but with high efficiencies (>90%) while the mixed nitrifying culture removed all compounds, although by levels …
Rapid Differentiation Of Isomeric Lipids By Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry Of Fatty Acid Derivatives, Huong T. Pham, Adam J. Trevitt, Todd W. Mitchell, Stephen J. Blanksby
Rapid Differentiation Of Isomeric Lipids By Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry Of Fatty Acid Derivatives, Huong T. Pham, Adam J. Trevitt, Todd W. Mitchell, Stephen J. Blanksby
Adam Trevitt
RATIONALE Both traditional electron ionization and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry have demonstrated limitations in the unambiguous identification of fatty acids. In the former case, high electron energies lead to extensive dissociation of the radical cations from which little specific structural information can be obtained. In the latter, conventional collision-induced dissociation (CID) of even-electron ions provides little intra-chain fragmentation and thus few structural diagnostics. New approaches that harness the desirable features of both methods, namely radical-driven dissociation with discrete energy deposition, are thus required. METHODS Herein we describe the derivatization of a structurally diverse suite of fatty acids as 4-iodobenzyl …
Escherichia Coli Single-Stranded Dna-Binding Protein: Nanoesi-Ms Studies Of Salt-Modulated Subunit Exchange And Dna Binding Transactions, Claire E. Mason, Slobodan Jergic, Allen Lo, Yao Wang, Nicholas E. Dixon, Jennifer L. Beck
Escherichia Coli Single-Stranded Dna-Binding Protein: Nanoesi-Ms Studies Of Salt-Modulated Subunit Exchange And Dna Binding Transactions, Claire E. Mason, Slobodan Jergic, Allen Lo, Yao Wang, Nicholas E. Dixon, Jennifer L. Beck
Professor Nick E Dixon
Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (SSBs) are ubiquitous oligomeric proteins that bind with very high affinity to single-stranded DNA and have a variety of essential roles in DNA metabolism. Nanoelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (nanoESI-MS) was used to monitor subunit exchange in full-length and truncated forms of the homotetrameric SSB from Escherichia coli. Subunit exchange in the native protein was found to occur slowly over a period of hours, but was significantly more rapid in a truncated variant of SSB from which the eight C-terminal residues were deleted. This effect is proposed to result from C-terminus mediated stabilization of the SSB tetramer, in …
Characterization Of Cleavage Events In The Multifunctional Cilium Adhesin Mhp684 (P146) Reveals A Mechanism By Which Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae Regulates Surface Topography, Daniel Bogema, Ania T. Deutscher, Lauren K. Woolley, Lisa M. Seymour, Benjamin B. A Raymond, Jessica L. Tacchi, Matthew P. Padula, Nicholas E. Dixon, F Chris Minion, Cheryl Jenkins, Mark J. Walker, Steven P. Djordjevic
Characterization Of Cleavage Events In The Multifunctional Cilium Adhesin Mhp684 (P146) Reveals A Mechanism By Which Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae Regulates Surface Topography, Daniel Bogema, Ania T. Deutscher, Lauren K. Woolley, Lisa M. Seymour, Benjamin B. A Raymond, Jessica L. Tacchi, Matthew P. Padula, Nicholas E. Dixon, F Chris Minion, Cheryl Jenkins, Mark J. Walker, Steven P. Djordjevic
Professor Nick E Dixon
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes enormous economic losses to swine production worldwide by colonizing the ciliated epithelium in the porcine respiratory tract, resulting in widespread damage to the mucociliary escalator, prolonged inflammation, reduced weight gain, and secondary infections. Protein Mhp684 (P146) comprises 1,317 amino acids, and while the N-terminal 400 residues display significant sequence identity to the archetype cilium adhesin P97, the remainder of the molecule is novel and displays unusual motifs. Proteome analysis shows that P146 preprotein is endogenously cleaved into three major fragments identified here as P50P146, P40P146, and P85P146 that reside on the cell surface. Liquid chromatography with tandem …
Structure Of The Theta Subunit Of Escherichia Coli Dna Polymerase Iii In Complex With The Epsilon Subunit, Max A Keniry, Ah-Young Park, Elisabeth A. Owen, Samir M. Hamdan, Guido Pintacuda, Gottfried Otting, Nicholas E. Dixon
Structure Of The Theta Subunit Of Escherichia Coli Dna Polymerase Iii In Complex With The Epsilon Subunit, Max A Keniry, Ah-Young Park, Elisabeth A. Owen, Samir M. Hamdan, Guido Pintacuda, Gottfried Otting, Nicholas E. Dixon
Professor Nick E Dixon
The catalytic core of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III contains three tightly associated subunits, the α, ε, and θ subunits. The θ subunit is the smallest and least understood subunit. The three-dimensional structure of θ in a complex with the unlabeled N-terminal domain of the ε subunit, ε186, was determined by multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The structure was refined using pseudocontact shifts that resulted from inserting a lanthanide ion (Dy3+, Er3+, or Ho3+) at the active site of ε186. The structure determination revealed a three-helix bundle fold that is similar to the solution structures of θ in a methanol-water …
Replication Termination In Escherichia Coli: Structure And Anti-Helicase Activity Of The Tus-Ter Complex, Cameron Neylon, Andrew V. Kralicek, Thomas M. Hill, Nicholas E. Dixon
Replication Termination In Escherichia Coli: Structure And Anti-Helicase Activity Of The Tus-Ter Complex, Cameron Neylon, Andrew V. Kralicek, Thomas M. Hill, Nicholas E. Dixon
Professor Nick E Dixon
The arrest of DNA replication in Escherichia coli is triggered by the encounter of a replisome with a Tus protein-Ter DNA complex. A replication fork can pass through a Tus-Ter complex when traveling in one direction but not the other, and the chromosomal Ter sites are oriented so replication forks can enter, but not exit, the terminus region. The Tus-Ter complex acts by blocking the action of the replicative DnaB helicase, but details of the mechanism are uncertain. One proposed mechanism involves a specific interaction between Tus-Ter and the helicase that prevents further DNA unwinding, while another is that the …
Proofreading Exonuclease On A Tether: The Complex Between The E. Coli Dna Polymerase Iii Subunits Α, Ε, Θ And Β Reveals A Highly Flexible Arrangement Of The Proofreading Domain, Kiyoshi Ozawa, Nicholas P. Horan, Andrew Robinson, Hiromasa Yagi, Flynn R. Hill, Slobodan Jergic, Zhi-Qiang Xu, Karin V. Loscha, Nan Li, Moeava Tehei, Aaron J. Oakley, Gottfried Otting, Thomas Huber, Nicholas E. Dixon
Proofreading Exonuclease On A Tether: The Complex Between The E. Coli Dna Polymerase Iii Subunits Α, Ε, Θ And Β Reveals A Highly Flexible Arrangement Of The Proofreading Domain, Kiyoshi Ozawa, Nicholas P. Horan, Andrew Robinson, Hiromasa Yagi, Flynn R. Hill, Slobodan Jergic, Zhi-Qiang Xu, Karin V. Loscha, Nan Li, Moeava Tehei, Aaron J. Oakley, Gottfried Otting, Thomas Huber, Nicholas E. Dixon
Professor Nick E Dixon
A complex of the three (αεθ) core subunits and the β2 sliding clamp is responsible for DNA synthesis by Pol III, the Escherichia coli chromosomal DNA replicase. The 1.7 Å crystal structure of a complex between the PHP domain of α (polymerase) and the C-terminal segment of ε (proofreading exonuclease) subunits shows that ε is attached to α at a site far from the polymerase active site. Both α and ε contain clamp-binding motifs (CBMs) that interact simultaneously with β2 in the polymerization mode of DNA replication by Pol III. Strengthening of both CBMs enables isolation of stable αεθ:β2 complexes. …
Flexibility Revealed By The 1.85 Å Crystal Structure Of The Β Sliding-Clamp Subunit Of Escherichia Coli Dna Polymerase Iii, Aaron J. Oakley, Pavel Prosselkov, Gene Wijffels, Jennifer L. Beck, Matthew Cj Wilce, Nicholas E. Dixon
Flexibility Revealed By The 1.85 Å Crystal Structure Of The Β Sliding-Clamp Subunit Of Escherichia Coli Dna Polymerase Iii, Aaron J. Oakley, Pavel Prosselkov, Gene Wijffels, Jennifer L. Beck, Matthew Cj Wilce, Nicholas E. Dixon
Professor Nick E Dixon
The subunit of the Escherichia coli replicative DNA polymerase III holoenzyme is the sliding clamp that interacts with the (polymerase) subunit to maintain the high processivity of the enzyme. The protein is a ring-shaped dimer of 40.6 kDa subunits whose structure has previously been determined at a resolution of 2.5 Å [Kong et al. (1992), Cell, 69, 425-437]. Here, the construction of a new plasmid that directs overproduction of to very high levels and a simple procedure for large-scale purification of the protein are described. Crystals grown under slightly modified conditions diffracted to beyond 1.9 Å at 100 K at …
Extracellular Chaperones, Rebecca A. Dabbs, Amy R. Wyatt, Justin J. Yerbury, Heath Ecroyd, Mark R. Wilson
Extracellular Chaperones, Rebecca A. Dabbs, Amy R. Wyatt, Justin J. Yerbury, Heath Ecroyd, Mark R. Wilson
Mark R Wilson
The maintenance of the levels and correct folding state of proteins (proteostasis) is a fundamental prerequisite for life. Life has evolved complex mechanisms to maintain proteostasis and many of these that operate inside cells are now well understood. The same cannot yet be said of corresponding processes in extracellular fluids of the human body, where inappropriate protein aggregation is known to underpin many serious diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, type II diabetes and prion diseases. Recent research has uncovered a growing family of abundant extracellular chaperones in body fluids which appear to selectively bind to exposed regions of hydrophobicity on …
Single Molecule Characterization Of The Interactions Between Amyloid-Β Peptides And The Membranes Of Hippocampal Cells, Priyanka Narayan, Kristina A. Ganzinger, James Mccoll, Laura Weimann, Sarah Meehan, Seema Qamar, John A. Carver, Mark R. Wilson, Peter St George-Hyslop, Christopher M. Dobson, David Klenerman
Single Molecule Characterization Of The Interactions Between Amyloid-Β Peptides And The Membranes Of Hippocampal Cells, Priyanka Narayan, Kristina A. Ganzinger, James Mccoll, Laura Weimann, Sarah Meehan, Seema Qamar, John A. Carver, Mark R. Wilson, Peter St George-Hyslop, Christopher M. Dobson, David Klenerman
Mark R Wilson
Oligomers of the 40 and 42 residue amyloid-β peptides (Aβ40 and Aβ42) have been implicated in the neuronal damage and impaired cognitive function associated with Alzheimer’s disease. However, little is known about the specific mechanisms by which these misfolded species induce such detrimental effects on cells. In this work, we use single-molecule imaging techniques to examine the initial interactions between Aβ monomers and oligomers and the membranes of live cells. This highly sensitive method enables the visualization of individual Aβ species on the cell surface and characterization of their oligomerization state, all at biologically relevant, nanomolar concentrations. The results indicate …
The Effects Of Phencyclidine Treatment On The Nmdar-Nrg1 Signalling Pathway In Rats, T Morosin, T Du Bois, K Newell, Xu-Feng Huang
The Effects Of Phencyclidine Treatment On The Nmdar-Nrg1 Signalling Pathway In Rats, T Morosin, T Du Bois, K Newell, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
No abstract provided.
Diagnostic-Specific Reductions In Nmda And Mglu5 Glutamatergic Receptors In Schizophrenia, K Newell, N Jimenez, A Geddes, E Frank, T Du Bois, M Safadi, Xu-Feng Huang
Diagnostic-Specific Reductions In Nmda And Mglu5 Glutamatergic Receptors In Schizophrenia, K Newell, N Jimenez, A Geddes, E Frank, T Du Bois, M Safadi, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Abstract of a paper that presented at the Australian Neuroscience Society 32nd Annual meeting
Effects Of Dopamine D2 Receptor Partial Agonist Bifeprunox On Body Weight Gain, Food And Water Intake In Male Rats, M De Santis, Xu-Feng Huang, C Deng
Effects Of Dopamine D2 Receptor Partial Agonist Bifeprunox On Body Weight Gain, Food And Water Intake In Male Rats, M De Santis, Xu-Feng Huang, C Deng
Xu-Feng Huang
An abstract of a poster presentation that presented at Australian Neuroscience Society 32nd Annual meeting.
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 5 Is Reduced In Schizophrenia Subjects With Comorbid Major Depression And Unchanged Following Antipsychotic Drug Treatment, N Jimenez, Xu-Feng Huang, C Deng, K Newell
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 5 Is Reduced In Schizophrenia Subjects With Comorbid Major Depression And Unchanged Following Antipsychotic Drug Treatment, N Jimenez, Xu-Feng Huang, C Deng, K Newell
Xu-Feng Huang
Abstract of a paper that presented at the Australian Neuroscience Society 32nd Annual meeting.
Time-Dependant Alterations Of Hypothalamic Energy Regulatory Network By Olanzapine In Rats, Q Zhang, M He, Hongqin Wang, J Lian, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Time-Dependant Alterations Of Hypothalamic Energy Regulatory Network By Olanzapine In Rats, Q Zhang, M He, Hongqin Wang, J Lian, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Abstract of a paper that presented at the Australian Neuroscience Society 32nd Annual meeting.
Novel Olanzapine Analogues Presenting A Reduced H1 Receptor Affinity And Retained 5ht2a/D2 Binding Affinity Ratio, Somayeh Jafari, Marc E. Bouillon, Xu-Feng Huang, Stephen G. Pyne, Francesca Fernandez-Enright
Novel Olanzapine Analogues Presenting A Reduced H1 Receptor Affinity And Retained 5ht2a/D2 Binding Affinity Ratio, Somayeh Jafari, Marc E. Bouillon, Xu-Feng Huang, Stephen G. Pyne, Francesca Fernandez-Enright
Xu-Feng Huang
Background Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug with high clinical efficacy, but which can cause severe weight gain and metabolic disorders in treated patients. Blockade of the histamine 1 (H1) receptors is believed to play a crucial role in olanzapine induced weight gain, whereas the therapeutic effects of this drug are mainly attributed to its favourable serotoninergic 2A and dopamine 2 (5HT2A/D2) receptor binding affinity ratios. Results We have synthesized novel olanzapine analogues 8a and 8b together with the already known derivative 8c and we have examined their respective in vitro affinities for the 5HT2A, D2, and H1 receptors. Conclusions …
Neuregulin-1 Signalling And Antipsychotic Treatment: Potential Therapeutic Targets In A Schizophrenia Candidate Signalling Pathway, Chao Deng, Bo Pan, Martin Engel, Xu-Feng Huang
Neuregulin-1 Signalling And Antipsychotic Treatment: Potential Therapeutic Targets In A Schizophrenia Candidate Signalling Pathway, Chao Deng, Bo Pan, Martin Engel, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Identifying the signalling pathways underlying the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is an essential step in the rational development of new antipsychotic drugs for this devastating disease. Evidence from genetic, transgenic and post-mortem studies have strongly supported neuregulin-1 (NRG1)-ErbB4 signalling as a schizophrenia susceptibility pathway. NRG1-ErbB4 signalling plays crucial roles in regulating neurodevelopment and neurotransmission, with implications for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Post-mortem studies have demonstrated altered NRG1-ErbB4 signalling in the brain of schizophrenia patients. Antipsychotic drugs have different effects on NRG1-ErbB4 signalling depending on treatment duration. Abnormal behaviours relevant to certain features of schizophrenia are displayed in NRG1/ErbB4 knockout mice or …
Mglur5 And Nmda Receptor Density Are Reduced In The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Of Schizoaffective But Not Schizophrenia Patients, Kelly Newell, Natalie Matosin, Elisabeth Frank, Chao Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Mglur5 And Nmda Receptor Density Are Reduced In The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Of Schizoaffective But Not Schizophrenia Patients, Kelly Newell, Natalie Matosin, Elisabeth Frank, Chao Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Abstract of a poster that presented at the Society of Biological Psychiatry 67th Annual Meeting.
Increases In Peptide Y-Y Levels Following Oat Β-Glucan Ingestion Are Dose-Dependent In Overweight Adults, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang
Increases In Peptide Y-Y Levels Following Oat Β-Glucan Ingestion Are Dose-Dependent In Overweight Adults, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Peptide Y-Y (PYY) is an anorexigenic hormone implicated in appetite control, and β-glucan is a fiber known to affect appetite. We hypothesized that plasma PYY levels would increase in overweight human adults consuming increasing doses of β-glucan. The objective was to test whether the effect could be seen with β-glucan delivered through extruded cereals containing a high β-glucan oat bran with demonstrated high molecular weight and solubility. Fourteen subjects consumed a control meal and 3 cereals of varying β-glucan concentration (between 2.2 and 5.5 g), and blood samples were collected over 4 hours. Analysis of raw PYY data showed a …
Oat Β-Glucan Supplementation Does Not Enhance The Effectiveness Of An Energy-Restricted Diet In Overweight Women, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang
Oat Β-Glucan Supplementation Does Not Enhance The Effectiveness Of An Energy-Restricted Diet In Overweight Women, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Epidemiological evidence shows an inverse relationship between dietary fibre intake and body weight gain. Oat β-glucan, a soluble fibre alters appetite hormones and subjective satiety in acute meal test studies, but its effects have not been demonstrated with chronic consumption. The present study aimed to test the effects in women of two different doses of oat β-glucan on weight loss and hormones associated with appetite regulation. In a 3-month parallel trial, sixty-six overweight females were randomised into one of three 2 MJ energy-deficit diets: a control and two interventions including 5–6 g or 8–9 g β-glucan. Anthropometric and metabolic variables …
Gender Differences In Cognitive Function Of Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia, Mei Han, Xu-Feng Huang, Da Chen, Mei Xiu, Li Hui, Haibo Liu, Thomas Kosten, Xiang Zhang
Gender Differences In Cognitive Function Of Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia, Mei Han, Xu-Feng Huang, Da Chen, Mei Xiu, Li Hui, Haibo Liu, Thomas Kosten, Xiang Zhang
Xu-Feng Huang
Schizophrenic patients have cognitive impairments, but gender differences in these cognitive deficits have had limited study. This study assessed cognitive functioning in 471 subjects including 122 male and 78 female schizophrenic patients and 141 male and 130 female healthy controls. We found that immediate memory, language, delayed memory and total RBANS scores were significantly decreased in schizophrenia compared with healthy controls for both genders. Male patients had significant lower immediate memory, delayed memory and total RBANS scores than female patients, and healthy controls showed a similar gender difference. The RBANS showed modest correlations with PANSS scores, duration of illness and …
Oat Β-Glucan Increases Postprandial Cholecystokinin Levels, Decreases Insulin Response And Extends Subjective Satiety In Overweight Subjects, Eleanor Beck, Susan Tosh, Marijka Batterham, Linda Tapsell, Xu-Feng Huang
Oat Β-Glucan Increases Postprandial Cholecystokinin Levels, Decreases Insulin Response And Extends Subjective Satiety In Overweight Subjects, Eleanor Beck, Susan Tosh, Marijka Batterham, Linda Tapsell, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
This study recorded acute biochemical and subjective measures of satiety, followed by energy intake from a subsequent meal, after varying doses of β-glucan in extruded breakfast cereals. Molecular weight, solubility and viscosity of β-glucan products were determined. Seven male and seven female subjects (BMI 25–36 kg/m) consumed five breakfasts (different doses of β-glucan sourced from two different technological processes) and dietary intake was measured after four hours. Blood was collected to measure glucose, insulin, ghrelin and cholecystokinin, and visual analogue scales measured subjective satiety. Molecular weight, solubility and viscosity indicated products were likely to increase luminal viscosity. β-Glucan was found …
Diet High In Oat Β-Glucan Activates The Gut-Hypothalamic (Pyy3-36-Npy) Axis And Increases Satiety In Diet-Induced Obesity In Mice, Xu-Feng Huang, Yinghua Yu, Eleanor Beck, Timothy South, Yulin Li, Marijka Batterham, Linda Tapsell, Jiezhong Chen
Diet High In Oat Β-Glucan Activates The Gut-Hypothalamic (Pyy3-36-Npy) Axis And Increases Satiety In Diet-Induced Obesity In Mice, Xu-Feng Huang, Yinghua Yu, Eleanor Beck, Timothy South, Yulin Li, Marijka Batterham, Linda Tapsell, Jiezhong Chen
Xu-Feng Huang
This study tested the effects of (1-3),(1-4) b-D-glucan from oats, on activation of the guthypothalamic (PYY3–36-NPY) axis, satiety, and weight loss in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice. DIO mice were fed standard lab chow diets or varied doses of b-glucan for 6 weeks. Energy intake, satiety, body weight changes and peptide Y-Y3-36 (PYY3-36) were measured together with a satiety test and measurement of neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc). The average energy intake (-13%, po0.05) and body weight gain was lower with increasing b-glucan over 6 wk with acute suppression of energy intake over 4 h. …