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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Effect Of A 4-Week Weight Maintenance Diet On Circulating Hormone Levels: Implications For Clinical Weight Loss Trials, Amanda, I Evans, R Wood, R Seimon, N King, Nuala Byrne
Effect Of A 4-Week Weight Maintenance Diet On Circulating Hormone Levels: Implications For Clinical Weight Loss Trials, Amanda, I Evans, R Wood, R Seimon, N King, Nuala Byrne
Nuala Byrne
The majority of weight loss studies fail to standardize conditions such as diet and exercise via a weight maintenance period prior to commencement of the trial. This study aimed to determine whether a weight stabilization period is necessary to establish stable baseline hormone concentrations. Fifty-one obese male participants with a body mass index of 30–40 kg m?2 and aged 25–54 years underwent 4 weeks on an energy balance diet that was designed to achieve weight stability. Blood samples were collected in the fasting state at commencement and completion of the 4-week period, and circulating concentrations of 18 commonly measured hormones …
Effect Of 1-H Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise On Intramyocellular Lipids In Obese Men Before And After A Lifestyle Intervention, Stephanie Ipavec-Levasseur, Ilaria Croci, Stephane Choquette, Nuala Byrne, Gary Cowin, Trisha O'Moore-Sullivan, Johannes Prins, Ingrid Hickman
Effect Of 1-H Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise On Intramyocellular Lipids In Obese Men Before And After A Lifestyle Intervention, Stephanie Ipavec-Levasseur, Ilaria Croci, Stephane Choquette, Nuala Byrne, Gary Cowin, Trisha O'Moore-Sullivan, Johannes Prins, Ingrid Hickman
Nuala Byrne
Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) are depleted in response to an acute bout of exercise in lean endurance-trained individuals; however, it is unclear whether changes in IMCL content are also seen in response to acute and chronic exercise in obese individuals. We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 18 obese men and 5 normal-weight controls to assess IMCL content before and after an hour of cycling at the intensity corresponding with each participant’s maximal whole-body rate of fat oxidation (Fatmax). Fatmax was determined via indirect calorimetry during a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. The same outcome measures were reassessed in the …
Muscular Strength, Aerobic Capacity, And Adipocytokines In Obese Youth After Resistance Training: A Pilot Study, Sarah Schultz, Rachana Dahiya, Gary Leong, David Rowlands, Andrew Hills, Nuala Byrne
Muscular Strength, Aerobic Capacity, And Adipocytokines In Obese Youth After Resistance Training: A Pilot Study, Sarah Schultz, Rachana Dahiya, Gary Leong, David Rowlands, Andrew Hills, Nuala Byrne
Nuala Byrne
Abstract Background Exercise has shown positive training effects on obesity-related inflammation, however, resistance training has shown mixed results concerning adipocytokine levels. Aims The purpose of thispilot study was to explore the effects of resistance training on blood adipocytokine concentrations in obese youth, with specific examination of the relationship between these biomarkers and improved fitness (i.e., aerobic capacity, muscular strength). Methods Fourteen obese adolescents (16.1 ± 1.6 y; BMI: 32.3 ± 3.9 kg/m2) participated in a 16-week resistance training intervention. Body composition, fasting blood concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin, and leptin were measured pre- and post-training. Aerobic …
Childhood Obesity In Asia: The Value Of Accurate Body Composition Methodology, Andrew Hills, Najat Mokhtar, Sharon Brownie, Nuala Byrne
Childhood Obesity In Asia: The Value Of Accurate Body Composition Methodology, Andrew Hills, Najat Mokhtar, Sharon Brownie, Nuala Byrne
Nuala Byrne
Childhood obesity, a significant global public health problem, affects an increasing number of low- and middle income countries, including in Asia. The obesity epidemic has been fuelled by the rapid nutrition and physical activity transition with the availability of more energy-dense nutrient-poor foods and lifestyles of many children dominated by physical inactivity. During the growing years the pace and quality of grow this best quantified by a combination of anthropometric and body composition measures. However, where normative data are available, this has typically been collected on Caucasian children. To better define and characterise overweight and obesity in Asian children, and …
Reproducibility Of Subjective Appetite Ratings And Ad Libitum Test Meal Energy Intake In Overweight And Obese Males, Katy Horner, Nuala Byrne, Neil King
Reproducibility Of Subjective Appetite Ratings And Ad Libitum Test Meal Energy Intake In Overweight And Obese Males, Katy Horner, Nuala Byrne, Neil King
Nuala Byrne
Background: To determine whether changes in appetite and energy intake (EI) can be detected and play a role in the effectiveness of interventions, it is necessary to identify their variability under normal conditions. We assessed the reproducibility of subjective appetite ratings and ad libitum test meal EI after a standardised pre-load in overweight and obese males. Methods: Fifteen overweight and obese males (BMI 30.3 ± 4.9 kg/m2, aged 34.9 ± 10.6 years) completed two identical test days, 7 days apart. Participants were provided with a standardised fixed breakfast (1676kJ) and 5 h later an ad libitum pasta lunch. An electronic …
Reproducibility Of Gastric Emptying In Overweight And Obesee Males, Katy Byrne, Nuala Byrne, Geoffrey Cleghorn, Neil King
Reproducibility Of Gastric Emptying In Overweight And Obesee Males, Katy Byrne, Nuala Byrne, Geoffrey Cleghorn, Neil King
Nuala Byrne
Background & aim: To understand whether any change in gastric emptying (GE) is physiologically relevant, it is important to identify its variability. Information regarding the variability of GE in overweight and obese individuals is lacking. The aim of this study was to determine the reproducibility of GE in overweight and obese males. Methods: Fifteen overweight and obese males [body mass index 30.3 (4.9)kg/m2] completed two identical GE tests 7 days apart. GE of a standard pancake breakfast was assessed by 13C-octanoic acid breath test. Data are presented as mean (±SD). Results: There were no significant differences in GE between test …
Body Weight Perception And Weight Loss Practices Among Sri Lankan Adults, Ranil Ayawardena, Nuala Byrne, Mario Soares, Prasad Katulanda, Andrew Hills
Body Weight Perception And Weight Loss Practices Among Sri Lankan Adults, Ranil Ayawardena, Nuala Byrne, Mario Soares, Prasad Katulanda, Andrew Hills
Nuala Byrne
Objectives The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association between self-perception of body weight, weight loss approaches and measured body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) among Sri Lankan adults. Methods A nationally representative sample of 600 adults aged ≥18 years was selected using a multi-stage random cluster sampling technique. An interviewer-administrated questionnaire was used to assess demographic characteristics, body weight perception, abdominal obesity perception and details of weight losing practices. Weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were measured and Asian anthropometric cut-offs for BMI and WC were applied. Results Body weight mis-perception was common among …