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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Validity Of A Food Frequency Questionnaire To Assess Nutritional Intake Among Sri Lankan Adults, Ranil Jayawardena, Nuala Byrne, Mario Soares, Prasad Katulanda, Andrew P. Hills
Validity Of A Food Frequency Questionnaire To Assess Nutritional Intake Among Sri Lankan Adults, Ranil Jayawardena, Nuala Byrne, Mario Soares, Prasad Katulanda, Andrew P. Hills
Nuala Byrne
Sri Lanka is undergoing nutritional transition and diet-related chronic diseases are emerging as an important health problem. Currently, no validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) exists to measure habitual dietary intake of Sri Lankan adults. The purpose of the study is to assess the validity of a semi-quantitative FFQ and 7-day weighed-intake dietary records (7DWR), designed to assess dietary intake among Sri Lankan adults. Dietary intake was measured using both a FFQ and 7DWR. The FFQ consisted of 8 food groups containing the main foods comprising the diet of Sri Lankan adults, a total of 85 items and 12 color photographs …
Reliability Of 2 Different Positioning Protocols For Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Measurement Of Body Composition In Healthy Adults, Ava Kerr, Gary Slater, Nuala Byrne, Alisa Nana
Reliability Of 2 Different Positioning Protocols For Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Measurement Of Body Composition In Healthy Adults, Ava Kerr, Gary Slater, Nuala Byrne, Alisa Nana
Nuala Byrne
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is an accepted time-efficient method of body composition assessment for total body and regional fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), and bone mineral content (BMC), but for longitudinal monitoring the measurements must be sufficiently reliable. The aim of this study was to compare the reliability of a new positioning protocol (Nana et al) with the current reference (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES]) protocol and investigate their within-protocol precision. Thirty healthy adults (16 females and 14 males) underwent 4 whole-body DXA scans in succession with full repositioning between scans. The scan order was randomized, with …
Physical Activity And Health: “What Is Old Is New Again”, Andrew P. Hills, Steven J. Street, Nuala Byrne
Physical Activity And Health: “What Is Old Is New Again”, Andrew P. Hills, Steven J. Street, Nuala Byrne
Nuala Byrne
Much recent interest has focused on the relationship between physical activity and health and supported with an abundance of scientific evidence. However, the concept of Exercise is Medicine™copromoted by the American College of Sports Medicine and American Medical Association and similar august bodies worldwide is far from new— the importance of exercise for health has been reported for centuries. Participation in regular physical activity and exercise provides numerous benefits for health with such benefits typically varying according to the volume completed as reflected by intensity, duration, and frequency. Evidence suggests a dose–response relationship such that being active, even to a …
Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing For Predicting Sports Performance And Talent Identification: Consensus Statement., Nick Webborn, Alun Williams, Mike Mcnamee, Claude Bouchard, Yannis Pitsiladis, Ildus Ahmetov, Euan Ashley, Nuala Byrne, Silvia Camporesi, Malcolm Collins, Paul Dijkstra, Nir Eynon, Noryuki Fuku, Fleur Garton, Nils Noppe, Soren Holm, Jane Kaye, Vassilis Klissouras, Alejandro Lucia, Kamiel Maase, Colin Moran, Kathryn North, Fabio Pigozzi, Guan Wang
Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing For Predicting Sports Performance And Talent Identification: Consensus Statement., Nick Webborn, Alun Williams, Mike Mcnamee, Claude Bouchard, Yannis Pitsiladis, Ildus Ahmetov, Euan Ashley, Nuala Byrne, Silvia Camporesi, Malcolm Collins, Paul Dijkstra, Nir Eynon, Noryuki Fuku, Fleur Garton, Nils Noppe, Soren Holm, Jane Kaye, Vassilis Klissouras, Alejandro Lucia, Kamiel Maase, Colin Moran, Kathryn North, Fabio Pigozzi, Guan Wang
Nuala Byrne
The general consensus among sport and exercise genetics researchers is that genetic tests have no role to play in talent identification or the individualised prescription of training to maximise performance. Despite the lack of evidence, recent years have witnessed the rise of an emerging market of direct-to-consumer marketing (DTC) tests that claim to be able to identify children's athletic talents. Targeted consumers include mainly coaches and parents. There is concern among the scientific community that the current level of knowledge is being misrepresented for commercial purposes. There remains a lack of universally accepted guidelines and legislation for DTC testing in …
Validation Of Bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy To Measure Total Body Water In Resistance-Trained Males, Ava Kerr, Gary Slater, Nuala Byrne, Janet Chaseling
Validation Of Bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy To Measure Total Body Water In Resistance-Trained Males, Ava Kerr, Gary Slater, Nuala Byrne, Janet Chaseling
Nuala Byrne
The three-compartment (3-C) model of physique assessment (fat mass, fat-free mass, water) incorporates total body water (TBW) whereas the two-compartment model (2-C) assumes a TBW of 73.72%. Deuterium dilution (D2O) is the reference method for measuring TBW but is expensive and time consuming. Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS SFB7) estimates TBW instantaneously and claims high precision. Our aim was to compare SFB7 with D2O for estimating TBW in resistance trained males (BMI >25kg/m2). We included TBWBIS estimates in a 3-C model and contrasted this and the 2-C model against the reference 3-C model using TBWD2O. TBW of 29 males (32.4 …
Effect Of A 4-Week Weight Maintenance Diet On Circulating Hormone Levels: Implications For Clinical Weight Loss Trials, Amanda, I Evans, R Wood, R Seimon, N King, Nuala Byrne
Effect Of A 4-Week Weight Maintenance Diet On Circulating Hormone Levels: Implications For Clinical Weight Loss Trials, Amanda, I Evans, R Wood, R Seimon, N King, Nuala Byrne
Nuala Byrne
The majority of weight loss studies fail to standardize conditions such as diet and exercise via a weight maintenance period prior to commencement of the trial. This study aimed to determine whether a weight stabilization period is necessary to establish stable baseline hormone concentrations. Fifty-one obese male participants with a body mass index of 30–40 kg m?2 and aged 25–54 years underwent 4 weeks on an energy balance diet that was designed to achieve weight stability. Blood samples were collected in the fasting state at commencement and completion of the 4-week period, and circulating concentrations of 18 commonly measured hormones …
The Measurement And Interpretation Of Dietary Protein Distribution During A Rugby Preseason, Kristen Mackenzie, Gary Slater, Neil King, Nuala Byrne
The Measurement And Interpretation Of Dietary Protein Distribution During A Rugby Preseason, Kristen Mackenzie, Gary Slater, Neil King, Nuala Byrne
Nuala Byrne
Evidence suggests that increasing protein distribution may be desirable to promote muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in combination with resistance exercise. However, there is a threshold above which additional protein consumption has limited benefit for MPS and may promote protein loss due to increased oxidation. This study aimed to measure daily protein intake and protein distribution in a cohort of rugby players. Twenty-five developing elite rugby union athletes (20.5 ± 2.3 years, 100.2 ± 13.3 kg, 184.4 ± 7.4 cm) were assessed at the start and end of a rugby preseason. Using a 7-day food diary the reported daily protein intake …
Do Intermittent Diets Provide Physiological Benefits Over Continuous Diets For Weight Loss? A Systematic Review Of Clinical Trials, Radhika Seimon, Jessica Roekenes, Jessica Zibellini, Benjamin Zhu, Alice Gibson, Andrew Hills, Rachel Wood, Neil King, Nuala Byrne, Amanda Sainsbury
Do Intermittent Diets Provide Physiological Benefits Over Continuous Diets For Weight Loss? A Systematic Review Of Clinical Trials, Radhika Seimon, Jessica Roekenes, Jessica Zibellini, Benjamin Zhu, Alice Gibson, Andrew Hills, Rachel Wood, Neil King, Nuala Byrne, Amanda Sainsbury
Nuala Byrne
Energy restriction induces physiological effects that hinder further weight loss. Thus, deliberate periods of energy balance during weight loss interventions may attenuate these adaptive responses to energy restriction and thereby increase the efficiency of weight loss (i.e. the amount of weight or fat lost per unit of energy deficit). To address this possibility, we systematically searched MEDLINE, PreMEDLINE, PubMed and Cinahl and reviewed adaptive responses to energy restriction in 40 publications involving humans of any age or body mass index that had undergone a diet involving intermittent energy restriction, 12 with direct comparison to continuous energy restriction. Included publications needed …
Effect Of 1-H Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise On Intramyocellular Lipids In Obese Men Before And After A Lifestyle Intervention, Stephanie Ipavec-Levasseur, Ilaria Croci, Stephane Choquette, Nuala Byrne, Gary Cowin, Trisha O'Moore-Sullivan, Johannes Prins, Ingrid Hickman
Effect Of 1-H Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise On Intramyocellular Lipids In Obese Men Before And After A Lifestyle Intervention, Stephanie Ipavec-Levasseur, Ilaria Croci, Stephane Choquette, Nuala Byrne, Gary Cowin, Trisha O'Moore-Sullivan, Johannes Prins, Ingrid Hickman
Nuala Byrne
Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) are depleted in response to an acute bout of exercise in lean endurance-trained individuals; however, it is unclear whether changes in IMCL content are also seen in response to acute and chronic exercise in obese individuals. We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 18 obese men and 5 normal-weight controls to assess IMCL content before and after an hour of cycling at the intensity corresponding with each participant’s maximal whole-body rate of fat oxidation (Fatmax). Fatmax was determined via indirect calorimetry during a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. The same outcome measures were reassessed in the …