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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec And Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Characterization Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Clones, Shannon M. Moroney, Loree C. Heller, Jesse Arbuckle, Monica Talavera, Ray H. Widen Mar 2007

Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec And Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Characterization Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Clones, Shannon M. Moroney, Loree C. Heller, Jesse Arbuckle, Monica Talavera, Ray H. Widen

Bioelectrics Publications

Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene carriage were compared among suspected community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA (CA-MRSA) and health care-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) isolates. CA-MRSA isolates carried the SCCmec type IV complex, and most were PVL positive. The HA-MRSA isolates carried the SCCmec type II complex and did not harbor the PVL genes.


Self-Consistent Analyses For Potential Conduction Block In Nerves By An Ultrashort High-Intensity Electric Pulse, R. P. Joshi, A. Mishra, Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, A. Pakhomov Jan 2007

Self-Consistent Analyses For Potential Conduction Block In Nerves By An Ultrashort High-Intensity Electric Pulse, R. P. Joshi, A. Mishra, Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, A. Pakhomov

Bioelectrics Publications

Simulation studies are presented that probe the possibility of using high-field (>100kV ∕ cm), short-duration (∼50ns) electrical pulses for nonthermal and reversible cessation of biological electrical signaling pathways. This would have obvious applications in neurophysiology, clinical research, neuromuscular stimulation therapies, and even nonlethal bioweapons development. The concept is based on the creation of a sufficiently high density of pores on the nerve membrane by an electric pulse. This modulates membrane conductance and presents an effective "electrical short" to an incident voltage wave traveling across a nerve. Net blocking of action potential propagation can then result. A continuum approach based …


Bioelectric Effects Of Intense Nanosecond Pulses, Karl H. Schoenbach, Barbara Y. Hargrave, Ravindra P. Joshi, Juergen F. Kolb, Richard Nuccitelli, Christopher J. Osgood, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Michael W. Stacey, James R. Swanson, Jody A. White, Shu Xiao, Jue Zhang, Stephen J. Beebe, Peter F. Blackmore, E. Stephen Buescher Jan 2007

Bioelectric Effects Of Intense Nanosecond Pulses, Karl H. Schoenbach, Barbara Y. Hargrave, Ravindra P. Joshi, Juergen F. Kolb, Richard Nuccitelli, Christopher J. Osgood, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Michael W. Stacey, James R. Swanson, Jody A. White, Shu Xiao, Jue Zhang, Stephen J. Beebe, Peter F. Blackmore, E. Stephen Buescher

Bioelectrics Publications

Electrical models for biological cells predict that reducing the duration of applied electrical pulses to values below the charging time of the outer cell membrane (which is on the order of 100 ns for mammalian cells) causes a strong increase in the probability of electric field interactions with intracellular structures due to displacement currents. For electric field amplitudes exceeding MV/m, such pulses are also expected to allow access to the cell interior through conduction currents flowing through the permeabilized plasma membrane. In both cases, limiting the duration of the electrical pulses to nanoseconds ensures only nonthermal interactions of the electric …