Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Applying A Research Ethics Review Processes In Rural Practice-Based Research, Adam D. Baus, Tracy L. Hendershot, Martha Cook Carter, Laura K. Boone

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Introduction: Partnering with rural primary care in practice-based research allows researchers access to a vital segment of the health care sector and a window into some of the most vulnerable, high-risk, high-need patient populations. The readiness for rural primary care to fully embrace research partnerships, however, is often tempered by ethical questions in conducting research in close-knit settings. This research provides practices with a refined decision support tool for evaluating the fit of research opportunities for their unique practices.

Materials and Methods: A two-phase effort was conducted to glean insight from currently available literature on ethical considerations in practice-based research …

Medicine Outside The Clinic: The Growing Need For Physicians In Sexual Education Policy, Zachary Sanford

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Sex and sexuality are both topics of immense social and personal importance, owing their openness or constraint in large part to the society in which they are discussed. In homogenous groups it may be possible to reach firm consensus on what is, or is not, appropriate to consider a sexual norm and use an overarching set of religious or spiritual morals to reaffirm this decision. However, in western society and specifically in the United States, a theme of integration and amalgamation of wildly different cultures has presented an interesting case study in searching for common ground on basic social issues. …

Ethical Considerations Of Genetic Presymptomatic Testing For Huntington's Disease, Alberto Coustasse, Alicia Pekar, Andrew Sikula Sr., Sue Lurie

Management Faculty Research

The aim of this literature review was to determine if there is adequate ethical justification for presymptomatic genetic testing on potential Huntington's disease patients. Huntington's disease is a neurological genetic disorder characterized by midlife onset which consists of cognitive, physical, and emotional deterioration. Although genetic testing has traditionally been guided by the principle of autonomy, severe psychological consequences such as depression, anxiety, survival guilt, and suicide have complicated the ethical issue of providing a presymptomatic yet definitive diagnosis for an incurable disease. An analysis of available articles yielded inconclusive findings, namely due to insufficient evidence, self-selection bias of test participants, …

Hospital Costs And Clinical Characteristics Of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Patients: A Continuous Ethical Dilemma, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

This study describes the clinical characteristics and examines hospital costs involved in the care of 117 patients undergoing Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) between January 1999 and August 2002. The majority (70.9%) of the patients undergoing CRRT expired in the hospital. Statistically significant differences were found with respect to the length of stay for discharge status and gender; and with respect to costs for surgery versus no surgery and gender. Significant differences were also found between discharge status and gender, age, and cardiovascular surgery. The results of this study raise economic and ethical questions related to the cost/benefit of CRRT …

Medical Malpractice Reform: A Societal Crisis Or Fear Marketing?, Phil Rutsohn, Andrew Sikula Sr.

Management Faculty Research

This paper explores the primary issues surrounding the malpractice crisis currently facing the healthcare system and asks the question ‘is it truly a crisis or is it an effective marketing campaign waged by interested parties?’ The authors discuss the primary issues presented by both the supporters of tort reform and the opposition to tort reform. As is true for many issues in healthcare, final analysis suggests that tort reform is needed or not needed depends on the analysts' role in the system. The authors argue that the evidence suggests malpractice reform will produce desired results if the goal is to …

The Relationship Among The Types, Frequency And Resolution Of Moral Conflicts Perceived By Nurses In West Virginia And Their Educational Preparation, Educational Needs, And Selected Demographics, Nancy K. Dunn

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Technological changes, interpersonal relationships, and scarce resources have created a complex environment for health professionals. Nurses, as the largest group of health care providers, are confronted with moral issues when dealing with managed care policies, end-of-life care and workplace or institutional issues. Moral issues are expressed as moral distress, which has been linked to decreased satisfaction, termination of employment and leaving the profession of nursing altogether. Moral distress, therefore, decreases the number of nurses and contributes to the critical nursing shortage. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships, if any, among the types, frequency and resolution of …

Physician Incentives: Managed Care And Ethics, Douglas A. Mains, Alberto Coustasse, Kristine Lykens

Management Faculty Research

The authors review the principle features of the managed care system in an effort to understand the ethical assumptions inherent in managed care. The interrelationships among physician incentives, responsibilities of patients and the physician-patient relationship are examined in light of the ethical concerns identified in the managed care system. The managed care system creates ethical tensions for those who influence the allocation of scare resources. Managed care's administrative controls have increasingly changed the doctor-patient relationship to the businessperson-consumer relationship. Managed care goals of quality and access demand that physicians be both patient advocate and organizational advocate, even though these roles …

Is Incapacity A Permanent Thing?, Shirley M. Neitch

Internal Medicine

No abstract provided.