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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Measurement And Assessment Of Grief In A Large International Sample, C. Killikelly, A. Kagialis, S. Henneman, H. Coronado, D. Demanarig, H. Farahani, A.A. Ozdo ̈ Gru, B. Yalçın, A. Yockey, C.L. Gosnell, F. Jia, M. Maisel, E. Stelzer, D. Wilson, J. Anderson, K. Charlesj, J.P. Cummings, C. Faasl, B. Knapp, B. Koneczny, Chris Koch, L.M. Bauer, C. Cuccolo, J.E. Edlund, G.F. Heermanss, S. Mcgillivray, C. Shane-Simpson, A. Staples, Z. Zheng, M.S. Zlokovich, M.S. Irgens
Measurement And Assessment Of Grief In A Large International Sample, C. Killikelly, A. Kagialis, S. Henneman, H. Coronado, D. Demanarig, H. Farahani, A.A. Ozdo ̈ Gru, B. Yalçın, A. Yockey, C.L. Gosnell, F. Jia, M. Maisel, E. Stelzer, D. Wilson, J. Anderson, K. Charlesj, J.P. Cummings, C. Faasl, B. Knapp, B. Koneczny, Chris Koch, L.M. Bauer, C. Cuccolo, J.E. Edlund, G.F. Heermanss, S. Mcgillivray, C. Shane-Simpson, A. Staples, Z. Zheng, M.S. Zlokovich, M.S. Irgens
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Background: In 2022, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and an update of the Diagnostic Sta- tistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5 TR) were released for implementation worldwide and now include the new Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). The newest definition of PGD is based on robust clinical research from the Global North yet until now has not been tested for global applicability. Methods: The current study assesses the new PGD ICD-11 criteria in a large international sample of 1393 bereaved adults. The majority of the sample was included from the USА. Additionally, we conduct a sub-sample analysis to evaluate …
Attitudes Towards Mental Illness In American Evangelical Communities, Supernaturalism, And Stigmatization, Nahanni Freeman, Isaac Baldwin
Attitudes Towards Mental Illness In American Evangelical Communities, Supernaturalism, And Stigmatization, Nahanni Freeman, Isaac Baldwin
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Social-cognitive variables and religious attributions regarding mental illness were examined with a homogeneous sample of 180 American Evangelical Christians, using a novel tool and the Mental Health Knowledge Scale (MAKS). In the first trial, participants were randomly assigned to one of two Bible verse priming conditions, which made salient willpower, faith and anxiety-reduction or the suffering Christ. Priming effects revealed that those exposed to the willpower-faith admonishment condition showed lower stigma on the MAKS and stronger condition recognition scores. Participants who endorsed unilateral religious causes and solutions to mental illness also presented with less knowledge about mental health disorders and …
The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Attention: The Case Of Reverse Stroop Interference, Jonathan K. Ham, Christopher Koch
The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Attention: The Case Of Reverse Stroop Interference, Jonathan K. Ham, Christopher Koch
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Ham and Koch (2019) found that an odorant could influence interference on a modified Stroop task. This study was conducted to examine the impact of olfactory cues on reverse Stroop interference. Across three experiments, participants completed a modified reverseStroop task in which they identified a word (strawberry, lime, lemon) in different color fonts (red, green, yellow). Although the words were fruit names instead of color names, each word had some degree of association with a particular color (e.g., lime and green). In Experiment 1, congruent and incongruent trials were presented without an odorant. No differences were found between congruent and …
Is Criminal Sentencing Influenced By Type Of Disorder?, Christopher Koch, Tessa Jones
Is Criminal Sentencing Influenced By Type Of Disorder?, Christopher Koch, Tessa Jones
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Differences in sentencing due to disorder and gender were examined. Four scenarios were randomly presented for each disorder type. Participants indicated the sentence length for each scenario and whether they would parole the individual. Men with personality disorders received longer sentences while women with psychotic or neurological disorders received longer sentences. Perpetrators with personality disorders were less likely to be paroled than those with a psychotic or neurological disorder. Parole decisions about psychotic women were made faster than any other condition.
Head Injuries And The Hearing Screening Inventory, Christopher Koch, Abigail Anderson
Head Injuries And The Hearing Screening Inventory, Christopher Koch, Abigail Anderson
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Head trauma can lead to problems with the ear and auditory pathway. These problems can involve tympanic membrane perforation, fragments in squamous epithelium, damage to the ossicles, or ischemia of the cochlear nerve. It is common for behavioral checklists, for concussion or head injuries, to include an item about hearing difficulty. In the present study, 152 introductory psychology students completed a survey in which they indicated if they had ever had a concussion or sustained a head injury. Approximately one-third (35.53%) of the sample had a history of head trauma. The Hearing Screening Inventory was also part of the survey. …
Stroop Interference With Sesame Street Characters, Christopher Koch
Stroop Interference With Sesame Street Characters, Christopher Koch
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
The Stroop task is a robust task, making it a useful assessment of automatic processing, it is also associated with reading ability. This limits the utility of the Stroop task to children with a sufficient reading level. Non-word Stroop tasks may be alternatives for non-readers or beginning readers. For example, Prevor and Diamond (2005) showed that Stroop interference could be obtained using pictures (e.g., heart, frog). This study explored using Sesame Street characters to create Stroop interference. Elmo, Kermit, and Cookie Monster were shown in red, green, and blue to first through fourth grade students. RTs for color incongruent trials …
The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Attention: The Case Of Stroop Interference, Jonathan K. Ham, Christopher Koch
The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Attention: The Case Of Stroop Interference, Jonathan K. Ham, Christopher Koch
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
This study explores the relationship between odor imagery, color associations, and visual attention through a Stroop-task based on common odor-color associations. This Stroop-task was designed using three fruits with odor-color associations: lime with green, strawberry with red, and lemon with yellow. Each possible word-color combination was lexically presented in the experimental trials. Three experiments were conducted that used the Stroop-task with different odors present. They suggest that odor imagery can affect visual attention, the inhibition of odor-color associations, and that odor imagery appears to be facilitated in the presence of a related odor.
Reliability And Test Differences For The Impact: Implications For Concussion Testing Programs, Christopher Koch, Sean Robertson
Reliability And Test Differences For The Impact: Implications For Concussion Testing Programs, Christopher Koch, Sean Robertson
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
This study was conducted to determine the long-term relatability of ImPACT scores among young athletes. Youth sport participants (n=294) who completed ImPACT tests one year apart were included in the study. Ages ranged from nine to 14 with a mean of 11.42 (SD = .96). The majority (n = 215) were males. Test-retest reliabilities for verbal memory, visual memory, response time, and impulse control were statistically significant but weak, ranging between .33 and .49. The index score had poor test-retest reliabilities (r = .26). Visual-motor test-retest reliability was also significant but moderate (r=.68). Scores for the verbal memory subtest and …
Differential Effects In Bimodal Directional Stroop Interference, Christopher Koch
Differential Effects In Bimodal Directional Stroop Interference, Christopher Koch
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
The directional Stroop task (e.g., Cannon, 1998) creates interference between a directional word and a directional cue, such as an arrow. This study was conducted to replicate directional Stroop interference using bimodal stimulus pairs and then to determine whether or not interference occurs when the word is replaced with a sound. In Experiment 1, an arrow, pointing up or down, was paired with a directional word (UP or DOWN). Subjects were faster responding to the direction of the arrow when the pairs were congruent compared to incongruent indicating interference. In Experiment 2, the visual word was replaced with a voice. …
The Impact Of Stroop Interference And The Simon Effect On Implicit Association Test Performance, Christopher Koch, Elizabeth Meaders
The Impact Of Stroop Interference And The Simon Effect On Implicit Association Test Performance, Christopher Koch, Elizabeth Meaders
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
The implicit association test (IAT) is a method used to examine associations individuals make between concepts and evaluations (Greenwald & Banaji, 1995). The typical finding with the IAT is that RTs are faster when the concepts and evaluations share the same response key. While the IAT has been used to examine a variety of associations, factors influencing these associations are still under consideration. For instance, Klauer et al. (2010) examined aspects of cognitive control in the IAT. They included measures related to switching mental sets, inhibition of responses, and working memory capacity. They found that switching between mental sets was …
Examining The Instability Of The Necker Cube, Christopher Koch
Examining The Instability Of The Necker Cube, Christopher Koch
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Temporal processing is an important dimension influencing the rate at which bistable images change (Wemery et al., 2015; Atmanspacher and Filk, 2013). This study was conducted to determine if space is another contributing factor to the perception of bistable images. Subjects were shown three versions of the Necker cube including a cube and two prisms with the length of one side either 1.5 or 2 times the length of the cube. Results show that increasing the length of one side increases the stability of the image. A similar result was found with illusory images
Cognitive Differences From Preseason To End Of Season Among Youth And College Football Players, Christopher Koch, Sean Robertson
Cognitive Differences From Preseason To End Of Season Among Youth And College Football Players, Christopher Koch, Sean Robertson
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Coronado et al. (2015) estimated that 329,290 children, aged 19 years and younger, were treated for sports and recreation injuries, including concussion, in emergency rooms during 2012. Further, they found that the number of concussions within this age group doubled since 2001. Many states now have laws regarding concussion education and testing for youth to high school level sports. While diagnosed concussions are important to evaluate, contact below the level necessary for concussion seems to accumulate over the course of a season (e.g., Abbas et al., 2015). This study examined sub-concussive hits and changes in neurocognitive assessment within a single …
The Substance Of Quality Treatment With Coexisting Problems (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays
The Substance Of Quality Treatment With Coexisting Problems (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Reviews the book, "Clinical handbook of co-existing mental health and drug and alcohol problems" by Amanda Baker and Richard Velleman (see record 2007-01081-000). The text editors, Baker and Velleman, propose to present "practical descriptions of assessments and interventions for coexisting problems, with a view to enhancing motivation, confidence and competence to do so". Not only do the chapters succinctly address expert views on assessment, but they also thoughtfully explain intervention approaches with coexisting issues, specific populations, and further training and supervision needs in the treatment of coexisting disorders. The editors use European spelling and an approach that is a "symptom-focused …
Getting To The Heart Of It (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays
Getting To The Heart Of It (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Reviews the book, "Assessment of Client Core Issues" by Richard W. Halstead (see record 2006-21518-000). According to Kays, this book offers a conceptualization of clinical cases synthesizing elements from narrative, schema, and cognitive therapy traditions. The author's stated goal is "to present a model that might help counselors think past a symptom-based formulation for diagnosis and incorporate a structured process for analyzing the vast amount of information clients reveal about their struggles in life". Depending heavily on schema therapy concepts originally developed by J. E. Young, Halstead develops an assessment approach that addresses both the unremarkable and problematic client situations. …
Cutting Through The Confusion (Review), Kristina M. Kays
Cutting Through The Confusion (Review), Kristina M. Kays
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Reviews the video, Self-Injury (with) Wendy Lader (2006). Self-injury behavior (SIB) includes, among other behaviors, "intentional carving or cutting of the skin and subdermal tissue, scratching, burning, ripping or pulling skin or hair, swallowing toxic substances, bruising, and breaking bones" (Cornell Research Program, 2006). Over the last two decades self-injury reports have risen noticeably because of increased SIB in adolescents, more clients seeking help, and increased reliability in diagnosis among professionals. The alarming numbers indicate a desperate need to understand how to diagnose and treat SIB clients effectively. In response to this escalating need, guest expert Wendy Lader is featured …
Finishing Therapy Well (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays
Finishing Therapy Well (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
Reviews the book, "Good Goodbyes: Knowing How to End in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis" by Jack Novick and Kerry Kelly Novick (see record 2006-05376-000). Deciding when to end clinical therapy and how to end it well can be a mystifying process. In "Good Goodbyes: Knowing How to End in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis", Jack Novick and Kerry Kelly Novick share insights from their vast combined experience to diminish the mystery of therapeutic closure. The book, which is firmly based in psychoanalytic theory, uses a question format to explore the many hows, whys, whats, and whens of termination. The authors outline treatment stages …