Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Healthcare Providers In Using The Knowledge Of Sickle Cell Trait To Mitigate Health Problems In African American Clients., Stella N. Udechukwu

Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing Student Projects

Abstract

Background: Sickle cell trait (SCT) for long has been regarded as a benign condition and as such healthcare providers do little to nothing to mitigate adverse health problems associated with sickle cell trait. An effective approach to improving health outcome for those with SCT is to educate providers on SCT, its complications and management. This study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of an educational intervention on providers’ knowledge, attitude and practice regarding sickle cell trait.

Method: A quasi experiment study was conducted in Jackson Health System on 30 providers belonging to internal medicine team to evaluate their …

The Effect Of Vitamin D3 Supplementation On Kidney Function And Cardiovascular Disease Markers Among Hispanics And African Americans With Type 2 Diabetes, Gustavo G. Zarini

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Serum vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and elevated blood pressure are important health concerns especially among minorities with type 2 diabetes. The effect of vitamin D₃ supplementation (cholecalciferol) at 6,000 IU/day (d) vs. 4,000 IU/d on kidney function and cardiovascular disease markers among Hispanics and African Americans with type 2 diabetes and hypovitaminosis D (/ml) was evaluated. Subjects (n=63) were recruited from two clinics in Miami-Dade County, FL. Fasting venous blood and fresh, single-voided first morning urine samples were collected from each participant by a certified phlebotomist and analyzed by Solstas Lab Partners, Davie, FL. Linear mixed …

The Relationship Among Serum Levels Of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase And Mtdna 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine, And Dietary Antioxidants Intake In Type 2 Diabetes, Michael Andrew Mclean

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). This cross-sectional study examined the relationship among serum levels of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG), dietary antioxidant intakes and glycemic control in African Americans (n=209) and Haitian Americans (n=234) with and without T2D.

African Americans had higher BMI (32.8 vs. 29.3 kg/m²), higher energy intake (2148 vs. 1770 kcal), and were more educated as compared to Haitian Americans; all variables were significant at p < .001. Serum levels of 8OHdG and MnSOD for African Americans (1691.0 ± 225.1 pg/ml, 2538.0 ± 1091.8 pg/ml; respectively) were significantly higher than for Haitian Americans (1626.2 ± 222.9, 2015.8 ± 656.3 pg/ml; respectively). 8OHdG was negatively correlated with MnSOD (r = -.167, p < .001) in T2D. Having T2D was negatively correlated with MnSOD (r = -.337; p < .01) and positively correlated with 8OHdG (r = .500; p < .01). African Americans and Haitian Americans with T2D had fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels of 143.0 ± 61.0 mg/dl and 157.6 ± 65.5 mg/dl, and A1C of 7.5 ± 1.8 % and 8.4 ± 2.4 %, respectively. African Americans and Haitian Americans without T2D had FPG levels of 95.8 ± 13.2 mg/dl and 98.7 ± 16.9 mg/dl, and A1C of 5.9 ± 0.4% and 6.0 ± 0.5%, respectively. Dietary intakes of vitamin C and vitamin D were negatively correlated with FPG (r = -.21; r = -.19, p …

The Association Of Depression And Perceived Stress With Beta Cell Function Between African And Haitian Americans With And Without Type 2 Diabetes, Fatma G. Huffman, Maria Vallasciani, Joan Vaccaro, Joel C. Exebio, Gustavo G. Zarini, Ali Nayer, Sahar Ajabshir

Department of Dietetics and Nutrition

Background: Diabetes and diabetes-related complications are major causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Depressive symptoms and perceived stress have been identified as possible risk factors for beta cell dysfunction and diabetes. The purpose of this study was to assess associations between depression symptoms and perceived stress with beta cell function between African and Haitian Americans with and without type 2 diabetes. Participants and Methods: Informed consent and data were available for 462 participants (231 African Americans and 231 Haitian Americans) for this cross-sectional study. A demographic questionnaire developed by the Primary Investigator was used to collect information …

Relationship Of Omega-3 Fatty Acids On C-Reactive Protein And Homocysteine In Haitian And African Americans With And Without Type 2 Diabetes, Fatma G. Huffman, Joan A. Vaccaro, Joel C. Exebio, Sahar Ajabshir, Gustavo G. Zarini, Lemia H. Shaban

Department of Dietetics and Nutrition

Background: Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3) may be protective of cardiovascular risk factors for vulnerable populations. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between n-3 with, C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (HCY) in Black minorities with and without type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 406 participants: Haitian Americans (HA): n=238. African Americans (AA): n=172. Participants were recruited from a randomly generated mailing lists, local diabetes educators, community health practitioners and advertisements from 2008-2010. Sociodemographics and anthropometrics were collected and used to adjust analyses. All dietary variables were collected using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire …