Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Time Trends And Predictors Of Abnormal Postoperative Body Temperature In Infants Transported To The Intensive Care Unit, Hedwig Schroeck, Angela K. Lyden, Wendy L. Benedict, Satya Krishna Ramachandran

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Despite increasing adoption of active warming methods over the recent years, little is known about the effectiveness of these interventions on the occurrence of abnormal postoperative temperatures in sick infants. Methods: Preoperative and postoperative temperature readings, patient characteristics, and procedural factors of critically ill infants at a single institution were retrieved retrospectively from June 2006 until May 2014. The primary endpoints were the incidence and trend of postoperative hypothermia and hyperthermia on arrival at the intensive care units. Univariate and adjusted analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with abnormal postoperative temperatures. Results: 2,350 cases were included. 82% …

Effect Of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction On Hospital Admissions For Diarrhoea And Rotavirus In Children In Rwanda: A Time-Series Analysis, Fidele Ngabo, Jacqueline E. Tate, Maurice Gatera, Celse Rugambwa, Philippe Donnen, Philippe Lepage, Jason M. Mwenda, Agnes Binagwaho, Umesh D. Parashar

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: In May, 2012, Rwanda became the first low-income African country to introduce pentavalent rotavirus vaccine into its routine national immunisation programme. Although the potential health benefits of rotavirus vaccination are huge in low-income African countries that account for more than half the global deaths from rotavirus, concerns remain about the performance of oral rotavirus vaccines in these challenging settings. Methods: We conducted a time-series analysis to examine trends in admissions to hospital for non-bloody diarrhoea in children younger than 5 years in Rwanda between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2014, using monthly discharge data from the Health Management …

Incidence And In-Hospital Mortality Of Acute Kidney Injury (Aki) And Dialysis Requiring Aki (Aki-D) After Cardiac Catheterization In The National Inpatient Sample, Jeremiah R. Brown, Michael E. Rezaee, Elizabeth L. Nichols, Emily J. Marshall, Edward D. Siew, Michael E. Matheny

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background:

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and dialysis‐requiring AKI (AKI‐D) are common, serious complications of cardiac procedures.

Methods and Results:

We evaluated 3 633 762 (17 765 214 weighted population) cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) hospital discharges from the nationally representative National Inpatient Sample to determine annual population incidence rates for AKI and AKI‐D in the United States from 2001 to 2011. Odds ratios for both conditions and associated in‐hospital mortality were calculated for each year in the study period using multiple logistic regression. The number of cardiac catheterization or PCI cases resulting in AKI rose almost 3‐fold from …