Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prison Abuse And Mental Health, Hayley R. Wolfe, Shelby Haas, Candace Olley

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Abuse among mentally ill inmates is a relevant issue in prison systems worldwide. This presentation will focus on the pervasiveness and severity of this abuse in the US and abroad. Pertinent statistics regarding the prevalence of abuse among the mentally ill in prison systems, as well as the obstacles to obtaining such statistics will be presented. Following the major deinstitutionalization of mental hospitals in the 1970s, the mentally ill inmate population has seen exponential increase in the United States. Abuse statistics of the mentally ill in United Kingdom prisons will also be presented and analyzed, including concerns in prison staff …

Gui Interfacing Of Dicom Images Including 3d Model Creation, Matthew C. Pack, Nathan R. Paddock, Erich P. Schroeder, Michael R. Tapia

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

The purpose of this project is to create a simple method for viewing DICOM images taken during a medical scan such as CT or MRI. To perform this, Matlab programming was used to create a graphical user interface. This interface shows the user the image and attached information with subsequent images accessible via a slider bar. Furthermore, the user has the option to view a three-dimensional model of the object scanned which can then be rotated and viewed at multiple angles. This modeling was achieved using custom edge detection algorithms which locate and exclude exterior edges to allow viewing of …

Luther's Existential Imago Dei, The Deprivation Thesis, And Sanctity Of Life, Tyler M. John

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

On Ryan Peterson’s reading of Martin Luther, the imago Dei (iD) is a human’s capacity to experience God. Traditionally, Christians have understood the iD to be a property that a) qualitatively separates all human beings from all non-human animals and b) gives humans a greater moral worth than non-human animals. If Peterson’s Luther is right, humans made in the iD and no other material created things have the capacity to experience God, and this capacity makes them worth more, morally, than non-human animals.

I defend this conception of the distinctness of humans by demonstrating the following: For any human being …

Are Cell Death Proteins/Antigens Found On Interdigital Cells Dying During Limb Development Expressed In A Simple Organism Such As Tetrahymena?, Rocco J. Rotello, Jessica A. Ward, Samuel Franklin, Jenna G. Lawhead

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Numerous studies have been published that describe the genes and proteins that control cell death in various biological systems including normal embryonic development and in disease such as cancer. We describe attempts to look at a possible conserved cell death antigen in the simple organism Tetrahymena, using a unique monoclonal antibody that recognizes only dying cells in the chick limb. The main impetus for the research is to answer the question; does the cell death process have key proteins that exist in the dying process that can be modulated prior to the completion of the cell death process? Using various …

Brain Death In Medical Ethics, Katherine R. Guffey

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Researchers are continually discovering new medicinal therapies. Technology is advancing at an unprecedented rate, and modern medicine has turned into an expansive multi-trillion dollar enterprise. New tools such as ventilators and feeding tubes give doctors the ability to extend a person’s life beyond its natural limits. Conditions which used to kill 100% of victims no longer cause as many deaths per year. While these medical technologies bring about the benefit of longer human lives, they have created a new realm of ethical dilemmas. As the old adage goes, “With great power comes great responsibility.” If we have so much power, …

Natural Products As Therapeutic Agents In Cancer Treatment, Trevor Stump, Lauren P. Williams, Brittany Santee, Chelsae Ward, Rachel Kunze, Denise S. Simpson, Samson Amos

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Cancer accounts for 25% of deaths in the United States, and brain tumors greatly contribute to this percentage. However, relative to other types of cancers, brain tumors prove difficult to treat because they are heterogeneous, highly proliferative, highly invasive, and resistant to the traditional cancer treatments of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Past studies have shown that flavonoids and curcuminoids, two classes of compounds derived from natural sources, are effective in inhibiting the development and metastasis of breast and lung cancer cells. Research has also indicated that these compounds have potential for treating brain tumors.

The purpose of this research is to …

Determining Knee Loading For Abnormal Gait, Joel D. Hutchison, Dana C. Madsen, Timothy L. Norman, J. D. Blaha Md

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

The purpose of this study was to take known experimental loads throughout normal gait and to find the corresponding loading at the knee for both normal gait and abnormal gait. Abnormal gait was defined as a person with varus, i.e. “bowleggedness”, or a person who had an external rotation of the femur (or the inability to internally rotate the femur) which caused an indirect varus in the forward positions of gait. This problem was approached by imposing static equilibrium on the femur. This allowed the loads at the knee to be calculated from the loading at the hip. In order …

Evaluating The Bioavailability Of Carbamazepine Using A Novel Snedds Formulation, Gina M. Mattes, Zachary A. Wallace, Derrick L. Chapman, Jinwon Byun, Rebecca A. Kyper, Elisha R. Injeti

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an anticonvulsant drug primarily used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder, trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. CBZ is a lipophilic, poorly soluble drug that belongs to the class-2 category according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System. As a class-2 drug, the plasma concentration of CBZ is limited by its ability to diffuse across biological membranes. To increase its bioavailability, different methods such as crystal modifications, particle size reduction, amorphization, cyclodextrin complexation, pH modification, and self-emulsification were explored. Of these methods, Self Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS) have shown to reduce particle size of CBZ molecules and improve its solubility. …

The Role Of Pharmacists In Primary Care Settings, Julie Cummings, Mckenzie Shank, Nathanael Smith, Olumami Amaye, Cara Toms, Thaddeus T. Franz, Tracy Frame

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Introduction: The profession of pharmacy has evolved from a dispensing role to an interdisciplinary clinical role in patient care. One area of patient care expertise is Medication Therapy Management Services (MTM), which includes services such as pharmacotherapy, medication therapy reviews, disease management, immunizations and other clinical services. Various studies have shown that pharmacists conducting MTM improve patient outcomes in some clinical settings. Amidst the valuable services all healthcare professionals are providing, increasing medical costs and a lack of primary care physicians have become overwhelming, potentially leading to negative patient outcomes. Gaps in communication between hospital, primary care clinics and …

2014 Symposium Overview, Cedarville University

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Click the "Download" button in the top right corner to view the abstract booklet.

Skin Preparation For Preventing Infection Following Cesarean Section, Levi Fenton, Alexandra Barford, Adrienne Barnett, Meghan Becker

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Abstract

Cesarean section (c-section) is becoming a popular option with 32.8% of the population choosing a surgical procedure over a vaginal delivery. Due to the increase of c-sections, infection rates have risen to a rate of 5.4 infections per 100 c-section operations. Surgical site infections are a large risk for any person having an invasive procedure. In our review of literature, we searched for the most advanced methods to reduce the risk of surgical site infections. We searched for various articles comparing iodine and chlorhexidine and found 14 articles that fit our inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria consisted of any …

Monoclonal Antibody Activity In Human Umbilical Endothelial Cells That Possess Opposing Growth Factor Signaling Receptors, Rocco J. Rotello, Marissa Cushing, Steve Vetter, Shane Johnson, Jessica Ward

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

In various clinical settings such a peripheral vascular disease and diabetes, patients can develop leaky blood vessels that leads to the extravasation of fluid in surrounding tissues, mainly in the lower limbs, ultimately resulting in edema and compromised blood flow. In an attempt to maintain vascular integrity and stability researchers have tried to modulate two key receptors on endothelial cells, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 (VEGFR2) and tunica internal endothelial cell kinase 2 (Tie2) receptor using various approaches, including ligand administration and small molecule inhibition of kinase activity on the intracellular part of Tie-2. Various strategies for a therapy include …

Athletes' Knowledge And Attitudes Toward Concussions, Rebecca Williams, Christopher Cross

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Concussions are a serious injury with significant short and long-term consequences. With the increasing awareness of the dangers of concussions, research has been directed toward educating coaches, athletes, and clinicians about this condition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate DII football athletes’ knowledge and attitudes toward concussion, so we can determine what education is necessary to better inform them, in order to be able to conduct a more efficient evaluation. A total of 55 male football athletes from NCAA DII institutions agreed to take part in the survey on a voluntary basis. Subjects completed a survey assessing athletes’ …

Concussion Return To Play Protocols Effect On Athletes' Reporting Of Symptoms, Timothy S. Waller, Amanda R. Meade, Elizabeth A. Sled, Michael S. Weller

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

When an athlete suffers a concussion, the standard return to play (RTP) guidelines are that they must sit out a minimum of a week as they go through a slow progression of exertional and neurocognitive tests once they are asymptomatic. This is a great improvement to concussion treatment in the past where athletes were often dangerously returned. However, because of this “blanket” 7-day minimum return policy, we believe the current RTP guidelines are potentially leading athletes to hide their symptoms more so they do not have to sit out. Fifty-three athletes were surveyed from soccer, basketball, lacrosse, and football teams …

Thoracic Gas Volume In Athletes And Non-Athletes, Sara Savard, Samuel C. Tubb, Shem Neuenschwander, Caleb T. Swedorski, April D. Crommett

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

The purpose of this study was to analyze the predicted thoracic gas volume versus measured thoracic gas volume in college students, comparing NCAA collegiate athletes versus non-athletes using the Bod Pod. Forty-four college students, both males and females, athletes and non-athletes, completed a body composition test to obtain the predicted thoracic gas volume. The participants were then instructed by the Bod Pod software through the measured thoracic gas volume test. Due to low statistical power, athletes and non-athletes were unable to be compared, however, results of a two sample t-test showed that there was a statistically significant difference between measured …

The Therapeutic Effects Of Nature, Urban, Or Standard Hospital Decorations On A Hospitalized Patient, Suzanne E. Mcreynolds, Carissa E. Leitch, Meredith G. Knowland, Caroline A. Wills

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Purpose: To review the present literature that evaluates the therapeutic effects of nature on hospitalized patients as compared to urban decoration or a standard hospital atmosphere.

Background: Research on the topic of nature’s effects on hospitalized patients began in 1984 by Ulrich. While this study brought forth many positive effects of nature, further study on the subject has only recently been continued. Reviews on whether or not there is evidence to support nature in hospitals are limited and have only begun to be addressed in practice.

Methods: Articles published between 2008 and 2013 found in Pub Med, One Search, Ebsco, …

Oral Care Interventions To Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia In Mechanically-Ventilated Adults, Katrina D. Mervine, Sarah L. Mccolloch, Kelsey L. Ruby

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a common and costly problem in acute care settings. Each case has an increased chance for mortality and may result in further complications.

Purpose: To review relevant literature about the methods of providing oral care for ventilated patients to prevent the incidence of VAP in acute care settings.

Methods: Literature published between 2008 and 2013 was reviewed using PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Up To Date using the key words “oral care,” “ventilator- associated pneumonia,” “toothbrushing,” “VAP,” “oral hygiene,” “hydrogen peroxide,” and “pneumonia.”

Setting: Mechanically ventilated adult patients in acute care settings.

Sample Size: The literature …

Preventing The Progression Of Prediabetes To Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Through Increasing Physical Activity And Healthy Diet, Peyton Hannon, Hayley Blackburn, Ella Kinsinger, Rachel Meeker

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Background: Health care professionals have started to diagnose patients as prediabetic in efforts to monitor and intervene in the disease process of diabetes before the person reaches the complete diagnosis of diabetes. Specific interventions such as, physical activity and diet, are considered to be major contributing factors in reducing the progression of diabetes and potentially reversing the process of this disease.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to compare the effectiveness of diet modification versus increased physical activity during the prediabetic phase in reducing the progression to Type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using sources written …