Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Uncovering The Burden Of Intentional Injuries Among Children And Adolescents In The Emergency Department, Uzma R. Khan, Butool Hisam, Nukhba Zia, Mohammed Umer Mir, Olakunle Alonge, Seemin Jamali, Adnan Hyder, Junaid Abdul Razzak

Department of Emergency Medicine

Introduction: In low- and middle-income countries, injuries are a leading cause of mortality in children. Much work has been done in the context of unintentional injuries but there is limited knowledge about intentional injuries among children. The objective of this paper was to understand the characteristics of children with intentional injuries presenting to emergency departments in Pakistan.
Methods: The data was from the Pakistan National Emergency Departments Surveillance (Pak-NEDS), conducted from November 2010 to March 2011 in seven major emergency departments of Pakistan. Data on 30,937 children under 18 years of age was collected. This paper reports frequency of intentional …

The Pediatric Disease Spectrum In Emergency Departments Across Pakistan: Data From A Pilot Surveillance System, Huba Atiq, Emaduddin Siddiqui, Surraya Bano, Asher Feroze, Sayyeda Ghazala Kazi, Jabeen Fayyaz, Shivam Gupta, Junaid A. Razzak, Adnan A Hyder, Asad Mian

Department of Emergency Medicine

Background: There is an increasing number of urgently ill and injured children being seen in emergency departments (ED) of developing countries. The pediatric disease burden in EDs across Pakistan is generally unknown. Our main objective was to determine the spectrum of disease and injury among children seen in EDs in Pakistan through a nationwide ED-based surveillance system.
Methods: Through the Pakistan National Emergency Department Surveillance (Pak-NEDS), data were collected from November 2010 to March 2011 in seven major tertiary care centers representing all provinces of Pakistan. These included five public and two private hospitals, with a collective annual census of …

Congenital Factor Vii Deficiency In Children At Tertiary Health Care Facility In Pakistan, Muhammad Matloob Alam, Bushra Moiz, Karim Abdur Rehman, Priyanka Jethwani, Zehra Fadoo

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

This study presents the demographics, clinical spectrum, and outcome of patients with congenital factor VII (FVII) deficiency at a tertiary care center over a period of 12 years. Of the 49 patients, 27 (55%) patients were males. Consanguinity was found in 92% of the patients. The median age of symptom onset was 2.4 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.1-6.5) years with a median age of 5.8 (IQR: 3.1-10) years at diagnosis. Life-threatening complications like intracranial bleeding (ICB) and intra-abdominal bleeding (IAB) were observed in 8 (16.4%) patients. We found that 11 (55%) of the 20 patients with FVII coagulant activity (FVIIc) 5% …

Towards A New Global Strategy For Women’S, Children’S And Adolescents’ Health, Marleen Temmerman, Rajat Khosla, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Flavia Bustreo

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

The year 2015 marks a defining moment for the health of women, children, and adolescents. It is the end point of the United Nations’ millennium development goals, and their transition to the sustainable development goals, and also the 20th anniversary of the International Conference on Population and Development’s plan of action and the Beijing Declaration and platform of action.

This is a moment of reflection as well as celebration. Although great strides have been made in reducing maternal and child mortality, showing that change is possible, many countries are lagging behind in reaching millennium development goal 4 (to reduce the …

Impact Of Self Regulation Skills On Students Academic Grades, Abeer Kathawala, Shelina Bhamani

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

This research aimed to explore if self-regulation skills had any effect on the academic outcomes of young children in private schools of Karachi, Pakistan. Quantitative research method was used to determine the impact of self-regulation upon the academic outcome of young children by utilizing Early School Self-Regulation Scale-Care Giver Version (Bhamani, 2012).The sample size consisted of randomly chosen 210 children, studying in grades 1 and 2 from seven different private schools in Karachi. The results of the research show that selfregulation skills had a significant impact on the academic outcome of young children in private schools of Karachi, b = …

Use Of N-Acetylcysteine In Children With Fulminant Hepatic Failure Caused By Acute Viral Hepatitis, Ali Faisal Saleem, Qalab Abbas, Anwarul Haque

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: To determine the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in children aged > 1 month to 16 years admitted with Fulminant Hepatic Failure (FHF) secondary to Acute Viral Hepatitis (AVH) in a tertiary care center of a developing country.

Study Design: Analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatrics, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2007 to December 2011.

Methodology: Medical records of children (> 1 month - 16 years) with FHF admitted with AVH of known etiology who received NAC were reviewed retrospectively. Liver function tests (mean ± SD) at baseline, 24 hours after NAC and …

Haematological Causes Of Thrombocytopenia In Children At Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Amna Jawaid

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: To identify the haematological causes of thrombocytopenia in children admitted at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: The prospective, descriptive study was carried out at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from September 3, 2009 to March 3, 2010, and comprised children between one month and 14 years of age with platelet count less than15000. After reviewing the record, a questionnaire was filled and data was analysed using SPSS 15.
Results: Out of 108 patients in the study, 69(64%) were male and 39(36%) were female. The overall mean age was 69±46.54 months (range: 12-168 months). The mean platelet count was …

Clinical Profiles And Outcomes Of Children Admitted To The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit From The Emergency Department, Anwarul Haque, Naveed Ur Rehman Siddiqui, Sidra Kaleem Jafri, Mehar Hoda, Surraiya Bano, Asad Mian

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

The aim of this study was to describe clinical profiles and outcomes of children admitted directly from the Emergency Room (ER) to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of academic hospital. The medical records of all children (1 month to 16 years) admitted in PICU from ER, from January 2011 to December 2012 were reviewed. Of the 26,774 patients seen in the ER during the study period, 468 (1.7%) were admitted to the PICU which constituted about 41.5% (468/1127) of all the total PICU admissions. Sixty three percent (n=294) were under-five; males were 60.9% (285), 82.3% (385) were in medical …

Women’S Health Priorities And Interventions, Marleen Temmerman, Rajat Khosla, Laura Laski, Zoe Mathews, Lale Say

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Over the past decades, governments have taken steps towards improving women’s health in line with commitments made in key international summits. Progress has been made in reducing maternal mortality,1 which accelerated with the launch of the United Nations secretary general’s Global Strategy for Women’s and Children’s Health in 2010. Use of maternal healthcare and family planning has increased in some countries.2 Progress has also been seen on two determinants of women’s health—school enrolment rates for girls and political participation of women—but not for others such as gender based violence.3

However, societies are still failing women in relation to health, especially …

Transition: A Concept Of Significance To Nursing And Health Care Professionals, Nabeel Al-Yateem, Charles Docherty

Centre for Innovation in Medical Education

The concept of transition has growing significance within the healthcare settings. Healthcare professionals’ encounters with patients and family during periods of health-illness transitions in addition to other transitions (e.g., developmental) can be significant. Therefore healthcare professionals should be aware of the meaning and the process of transition, to ensure efficient and competent provision of care. This paper will explore the concept of transition in the context of healthcare, and will suggest strategies to enable professionals to manage transition effectively.