Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Determination Of Reference Interval (Ri) Of Spot Urinary Oxalate To Creatinine Ratio In Children Of Pakistani Origin Under Six Years Of Age: A Cross-Sectional Study, Syed Bilal Hashmi, Lena Jafri, Jamsheer Jehangir Talati, Hafsa Majid, Saqib Hamid Qazi, Aysha Habib Khan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: The gold standard screening method of hyperoxaluria in children is using 24-hour urine collection. Urine collection may be cumbersome and challenging for children. Reference intervals (RI) of oxalate for the Pakistani population are not readily available. Therefore we aimed to determine the oxalate to creatinine ratio (Ox: Cr) for Pakistani children <6 years of age.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Aga Khan University from June 2018 to October 2019. Random urine samples from apparently healthy children < 6 years were collected and stored at -30°C until analysis after adding 6M HCl. Oxalate was measured on Micro lab 300 using a kit based on oxalate oxidase principle, while creatinine was measured by kinetic Jaffe reaction. Data was analyzed by EP evaluator and SPSS 23. Ox: Cr ratio was calculated and reported with 90% confidence interval (CI) and interquartile range (IQR).
Results: The mean age of study subjects (n=120) was 29 ±22.3 months with an M: F ratio of 1:1. Children of various ethnicities …

Distal Splenorenal Shunt (Dsrs) In Children With Extrahepatic Portal Hypertension, Zia Ur Rehman, Zafar Nazir

Department of Surgery

Portal hypertension (PH) is infrequent in children as compared to adults. Currently, repetitive endoscopic ablation of varices is standard treatment. However, endoscopic facilities are not readily available in resource-limited settings. We reviewed the indications, operative morbidity, mortality, shunt patency and re-bleeding episodes in nine patients (age range 6-16 years, M:F 6:3) who had DSRS for recurrent GI bleeding not responding to endoscopic treatment and hypersplenism. DSRS is a safe and effective treatment alternative in resource limiting setting for preventing bleeding and improving hypersplenism in children with extrahepatic portal hypertension.

Association Between Asthma And Dental Caries Amongst 12 - 15 Years Old Children: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study In Karachi, Pakistan, Wajeeha Zahid, Shafquat Rozi, Farhan Raza Khan, Nida Zahid, Muhammad Masood Kadir

Community Health Sciences

Objective: The study aimed to determine an association between dental caries and asthma among 12 to 15 years old children.
Methods: This is a school-based cross-sectional study conducted from January to February 2016. A random sample of 544 children aged 12 - 15 years were enrolled from five private schools of Karachi. Dental caries was assessed using DMFT Index (Decayed, Missing, Filled teeth). The main exposure variable was asthma and information on it was collected through the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire.
Results: The data was analyzed using Cox Proportional Hazard algorithm. Crude and adjusted …

Sensitivity And Specificity Of Ct Scan In Small Bowel Obstruction Among Children, Huma Faiz Haleopota, Muhammad Arif Mateen Khan, Noman Shahzad

Section of Paediatric Surgery

Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography scan for diagnosing small bowel obstruction among children.
Methods: The retrospective diagnostic test accuracy study was carried out at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data of all patients aged 2-16 years who presented with clinical features of small bowel obstruction and underwent computed tomography scan of abdomen from January 2001 to December 2015Data was analyzed using SPSS19.
Results: Of the 98 subjects, 65(66.0%) were males and 33(34.0%) were females. Overall mean age of the patients was 7.67±4.33 years and mean duration of symptoms was 2.84±1.17 days. …

Pediatric Laparoscopic Surgery; Initial Experience From Pakistan; First 100 Cases In Single Center, Hassan Ishaq, Saqib Hamid Qazi, Sohail Dogar, Muhammad Younus Khan Durrani,, Ahmad Vaqas Faruque

Department of Surgery

Abstract

In a developing country like Pakistan, laparoscopic surgeries are not considered favourable by many, possibly because of high costs or a lack of expertise. It is an established fact that laparoscopic surgery offers better surgical treatments with a shorter hospital stay and fewer complications. The current retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi and comprised of laparoscopy cases performed by a single surgeon from March 2012 to September of 2014. A total of 100laparoscopic surgeries were performed; mostly appendectomies 49(49%) and undescended testes (UDTs) 34(34%). Overall, there were 70(70%) male patients. The mean age of …

Surgical Management Of Traumatic Extra Dural Hematoma In Children: Experiences And Analysis From 24 Consecutively Treated Patients In A Developing Country, Muhammad Babar Khan, Muhammad Riaz, Gohar Javed, Fauzan Alam Hashmi, Maryam Sanaullah, Syed Ijlal Ahmed

Medical College Documents

Background: Children with epidural hematoma (EDH) present differently than
adults. The outcome of treatment is also different. We aim to report our experiences with EDH in pediatric age group in terms of mode of injury, presenting features, management, and outcomes. We also aim to identify different prognostic indicators in pediatric patients with EDH.

Methods: We prospectively collected data from 24 consecutively surgically treated pediatric patients. The data collected included presenting features, radiological imaging, details of management, and outcomes. Descriptive analysis was performed and different variables were tested for any statistical significance with Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS).

Results: …

Rhabdomyosarcoma Embryonal Type: In A Three And A Half Year Old Girl, Ameer A Khowaja, Saqib Ali Gowani, Asmatullah Khan, Saulat H. Fatimi

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Rhadomyosarcoma is the most common tumour of the soft tissues in infants and children. We report a case of a 3 1/2 year old girl who presented with a swelling over the neck. Swelling was diagnosed as Rhabdomyosarcoma (embryonal type). Tumour mass was found to be unresectable initially. The patient was subjected to multiple courses of checmotherapy, which shrunk the tumour significantly. There was simultaneous development of cystic lesions in upper lobe of right lung. Excision of the remnant rhabdomyosarcoma mass and biopsy of right lung with cystectomy of right upper lobe cystic lesion was performed. The patient fully recovered …

Enterocutaneous Fistulae In Children - A Management Challenge, Ali Imran Amjad, Saqib Hamid Qazi, Zafar Nazir

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.