Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Blackwater Fever And Acute Kidney Injury In Children Hospitalized With An Acute Febrile Illness: Pathophysiology And Prognostic Significance, Andrea Conroy, Michael Hawkes, Aleksandra Leligdowicz, Ivan Mufumba, Michelle Starr, Kathleen Zhong, Sophie Namasopo, Robert Opoka, Chandy John, Kevin C. Kain

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) and blackwater fever (BWF) are related but distinct renal complications of acute febrile illness in East Africa. The pathogenesis and prognostic signifcance of BWF and AKI are not well understood.

Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted to evaluate the association between BWF and AKI in children hospitalized with an acute febrile illness. Secondary objectives were to examine the association of AKI and BWF with (i) host response biomarkers and (ii) mortality. AKI was defned using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria and BWF was based on parental report of tea-colored urine. Host …

Effectiveness Of Sequential V. Standard Triple Therapy For Treatment Of Helicobacter Pylori Infection In Children In Nairobi, Kenya, Ahmed Laving, Rose Kamenwa, Shahin Sayed, Andrew Nyerere Kimang'a, Gunturu Revathi

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Once the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori is confirmed, treatment requires at least two antibiotics and an acid inhibitor for a minimum of seven days. Unfortunately, treatment failures are being frequently reported. Treatment regimens that include sequential administration of antibiotics with acid inhibitors have been developed to try and increase the rate of eradication.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a novel 10-day sequential therapy compared with the standard 10-day triple therapy for treatment of H. pylori infection in children.

Methods: A double-blinded, randomised, controlled trial was conducted. Children under the age of 16 years with recurrent abdominal pain associated …