Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Voices, Stories And Experiences Of Black Women: Informing The Establishment Of A Trenton-Based Maternal And Infant Health Innovation And Research Center, Tirzah R. Spencer Phd, Mph, Barbara George Johnson Mph, J.D., Consuelo Bonillas

Center for Health Policy Development

The establishment of a Maternal and Infant Health Innovation and Research Center is one of nine recommendations outlined by the 2021 Nurture NJ Strategic Plan to reduce maternal and infant mortality and morbidity and ensure equity in care and in outcomes for mothers and infants of all ethnic groups. The purpose of this environmental scan is to provide input for the design of a Maternal and Infant Health Innovation and Research Center within Trenton.

Building on the Nurture NJ Initiative, this project is a deeper dive in its focus on Black and Latina women living in Trenton and surrounding areas. …

Socioecological Predictors Of Breastfeeding Practices In Rural Eastern Ethiopia, Marina Magalhães, Amanda Ojeda, Karah Mechlowitz, Kaitlin Brittain, Jenna Daniel, Kedir Teji Roba, Jemal Yousuf Hassen, Mark J Manary, Wondwossen A Gebreyes, Arie H Havelaar, Sarah L Mckune

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Estimates by the World Health Organization indicate that over 800,000 global neonatal deaths each year are attributed to deviations from recommended best practices in infant feeding. Identifying factors promoting ideal breastfeeding practices may facilitate efforts to decrease neonatal and infant death rates and progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals set for 2030. Though numerous studies have identified the benefits of breastfeeding in reducing the risk of childhood undernutrition, infection and illness, and mortality in low- and middle-income countries, no studies have explored predictors of breastfeeding practices in rural eastern Ethiopia, where undernutrition is widespread. The aim of this …

Social Attention During Object Engagement: Toward A Cross-Species Measure Of Preferential Social Orienting, Claire Weichselbaum, Nicole Hendrix, Jordan Albright, Joseph D Dougherty, Kelly N Botteron, John N Constantino, Natasha Marrus

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: A central challenge in preclinical research investigating the biology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the translation of ASD-related social phenotypes across humans and animal models. Social orienting, an observable, evolutionarily conserved behavior, represents a promising cross-species ASD phenotype given that disrupted social orienting is an early-emerging ASD feature with evidence for predicting familial recurrence. Here, we adapt a competing-stimulus social orienting task from domesticated dogs to naturalistic play behavior in human toddlers and test whether this approach indexes decreased social orienting in ASD.

METHODS: Play behavior was coded from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) in two samples …

The Genetic Risk Factor Cel-Hyb1 Causes Proteotoxicity And Chronic Pancreatitis In Mice, Karianne Fjeld, Steven J Wilhelm, Jianguo Lin, Xunjun Xiao, Mark E Lowe, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The CEL gene encodes the digestive enzyme carboxyl ester lipase. CEL-HYB1, a hybrid allele of CEL and its adjacent pseudogene CELP, is a genetic variant suggested to increase the risk of chronic pancreatitis (CP). Our aim was to develop a mouse model for CEL-HYB1 that enables studies of pancreatic disease mechanisms.

METHODS: We established a knock-in mouse strain where the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) region of the endogenous mouse Cel gene was substituted with the mutated VNTR of the human CEL-HYB1 allele. Heterozygous and homozygous Cel-HYB1 mice and littermate wildtype controls were characterized with respect …

Clinical And Economic Evaluation Of A Proteomic Biomarker Preterm Birth Risk Predictor: Cost-Effectiveness Modeling Of Prenatal Interventions Applied To Predicted Higher-Risk Pregnancies Within A Large And Diverse Cohort, Julja Burchard, Glenn R Markenson, George R Saade, Louise C Laurent, Kent D Heyborne, Dean V Coonrod, Corina N Schoen, Jason K. Baxter, David M Haas, Sherri A Longo, Scott A Sullivan, Sarahn M Wheeler, Leonardo M Pereira, Kim A Boggess, Angela F Hawk, Amy H Crockett, Ryan Treacy, Angela C Fox, Ashoka D Polpitiya, Tracey C Fleischer, Thomas J Garite, J Jay Boniface, John A F Zupancic, Gregory C Critchfield, Paul E Kearney

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Objectives: Preterm birth occurs in more than 10% of U.S. births and is the leading cause of U.S. neonatal deaths, with estimated annual costs exceeding $25 billion USD. Using real-world data, we modeled the potential clinical and economic utility of a prematurity-reduction program comprising screening in a racially and ethnically diverse population with a validated proteomic biomarker risk predictor, followed by case management with or without pharmacological treatment.

Methods: The ACCORDANT microsimulation model used individual patient data from a prespecified, randomly selected sub-cohort (N = 847) of a multicenter, observational study of U.S. subjects receiving standard obstetric care with …

Mild Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (Hie): Timing And Pattern Of Mri Brain Injury, Yi Li, Jessica L Wisnowski, Lina Chalak, Amit M Mathur, Robert C Mckinstry, Genesis Licona, Dennis E Mayock, Taeun Chang, Krisa P Van Meurs, Tai-Wei Wu, Kaashif A Ahmad, Marie-Coralie Cornet, Rakesh Rao, Aaron Scheffler, Yvonne W Wu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for neonatal brain injury. We examined the timing and pattern of brain injury in mild HIE.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study includes infants with mild HIE treated at 9 hospitals. Neonatal brain MRIs were scored by 2 reviewers using a validated classification system, with discrepancies resolved by consensus. Severity and timing of MRI brain injury (i.e., acute, subacute, chronic) was scored on the subset of MRIs that were performed at or before 8 days of age.

RESULTS: Of 142 infants with mild HIE, 87 (61%) had injury on …

Infections In The First Year Of Life And Development Of Beta Cell Autoimmunity And Clinical Type 1 Diabetes In High-Risk Individuals: The Trigr Cohort, Olga Kordonouri, David Cuthbertson, Malin Belteky, Bärbel Aschemeier-Fuchs, Neil H White, Elisabeth Cummings, Mikael Knip, Johnny Ludvigsson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Accumulated data suggest that infections in early life contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes. Using data from the Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk (TRIGR), we set out to assess whether children who later developed diabetes-related autoantibodies and/or clinical type 1 diabetes had different exposure to infections early in life compared with those who did not.

METHODS: A cohort of 2159 children with an affected first-degree relative and HLA-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes were recruited between 2002 and 2007 and followed until 2017. Infections were registered prospectively. The relationship between infections in the …

Let's Talk About Antibiotics: A Randomised Trial Of Two Interventions To Reduce Antibiotic Misuse, Kathy Goggin, Emily A. Hurley, Brian R. Lee, Andrea Bradley-Ewing, Carey Bickford, Kimberly Pina, Evelyn Donis De Miranda, David Yu, Kirsten Weltmer, Sebastian Linnemayr, Christopher C. Butler, Jason G. Newland, Angela L Myers

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) receive ≈11.4 million unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions annually. A noted contributor is inadequate parent-clinician communication, however, efforts to reduce overprescribing have only indirectly targeted communication or been impractical.

OBJECTIVES: Compare two feasible (higher vs lower intensity) interventions for enhancing parent-clinician communication on the rate of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing.

DESIGN: Multisite, parallel group, cluster randomised comparative effectiveness trial. Data collected between March 2017 and March 2019.

SETTING: Academic and private practice outpatient clinics.

PARTICIPANTS: Clinicians (n=41, 85% of eligible approached) and 1599 parent-child dyads (ages 1-5 years with ARTI symptoms, 71% of eligible approached). …

Effects Of Treadmill Interventions On Infants With Developmental Delays Presenting With Mild And Severe Impairments: A Case Series, Eric Nguyen Spt, Nicolle Gerchak Spt

Physical Therapy Research Symposium

Background: Physical development delays can severely limit a child’s ability to explore and learn about their environment. Evidence supports that this exploration promotes a child’s development in cognition, language acquisition, social skills, and further physical skills. Thus, interventions that target and improve early mobility can be highly valuable to a child’s life. Treadmill training in infants with developmental delays has shown to be an effective intervention in moving infants toward earlier independent walking and improved gross motor function.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the potential benefits of an established treadmill training program in infants with varying degrees of motor …

Microrna Analysis In Maternal Blood Of Pregnancies With Preterm Premature Rupture Of Membranes Reveals A Distinct Expression Profile, Michail Spiliopoulos, Andrew Haddad, Huda B Al-Kouatly, Saeed Haleema, Michael J Paidas, Sara N Iqbal, Robert I Glazer

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To determine the expression profile of microRNAs in the peripheral blood of pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) compared to that of healthy pregnant women.

STUDY DESIGN: This was a pilot study with case-control design in pregnant patients enrolled between January 2017 and June 2019. Patients with healthy pregnancies and those affected by PPROM between 20- and 33+6 weeks of gestation were matched by gestational age and selected for inclusion to the study. Patients were excluded for multiple gestation and presence of a major obstetrical complication such as preeclampsia, diabetes, fetal growth restriction and stillbirth. A …

Association Of Pediatric Buccal Epigenetic Age Acceleration With Adverse Neonatal Brain Growth And Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Children Born Very Preterm With A Neonatal Infection., Noha Gomaa, Chaini Konwar, Nicole Gladish, Stephanie H Au-Young, Ting Guo, Min Sheng, Sarah M Merrill, Edmond Kelly, Vann Chau, Helen M Branson, Linh G Ly, Emma G Duerden, Ruth E Grunau, Michael S Kobor, Steven P Miller

Department of Medicine Publications

IMPORTANCE: Very preterm neonates (24-32 weeks' gestation) remain at a higher risk of morbidity and neurodevelopmental adversity throughout their lifespan. Because the extent of prematurity alone does not fully explain the risk of adverse neonatal brain growth or neurodevelopmental outcomes, there is a need for neonatal biomarkers to help estimate these risks in this population.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the pediatric buccal epigenetic (PedBE) clock-a recently developed tool to measure biological aging-among very preterm neonates and to assess its association with the extent of prematurity, neonatal comorbidities, neonatal brain growth, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months of age.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND …

Genetic Testing To Inform Epilepsy Treatment Management From An International Study Of Clinical Practice, Dianalee Mcknight, Ana Morales, Kathryn E. Hatchell, Sara L. Bristow, Joshua L. Bonkowsky, Michael Scott Perry, Anne T. Berg, Felippe Borlot, Edward D. Esplin, Chad Moretz, Katie Angione, Loreto Ríos-Pohl, Robert L. Nussbaum, Swaroop Aradhya, Chad R. Haldeman-Englert, Rebecca J. Levy, Venu G. Parachuri, Guillermo Lay-Son, David J. Dávila-Ortiz De Montellano, Miguel Angel Ramirez-Garcia, Edmar O. Benítez Alonso, Julie Ziobro, Adela Chirita-Emandi, Temis M. Felix, Dianne Kulasa-Luke, Andre Megarbane, Shefali Karkare, Sarah L. Chagnon, Jennifer B. Humberson, Melissa J. Assaf, Sebastian Silva, Katherine Zarroli, Oksana Boyarchuk, Gary R. Nelson, Rachel Palmquist, Katherine C. Hammond, Sean T. Hwang, Susan B. Boutlier, Melinda Nolan, Kaitlin Y. Batley, Devraj Chavda, Carlos Alberto Reyes-Silva, Oleksandr Miroshnikov, Britton Zuccarelli, Louise Amlie-Wolf, James W. Wheless, Syndi Seinfeld, Manoj Kanhangad, Jeremy L. Freeman, Susana Monroy-Santoyo, Natalia Rodriguez-Vazquez, Monique M. Ryan, Michelle Machie, Patricio Guerra, Muhammad Jawad Hassan, Meghan S. Candee, Caleb P. Bupp, Kristen L. Park, Eric Muller, Pamela Lupo, Robert C. Pedersen, Amir M. Arain, Andrea Murphy, Krista Schatz, Weiyi Mu, Paige M. Kalika, Lautaro Plaza, Marissa A. Kellogg, Evelyn G. Lora, Robert P. Carson, Victoria Svystilnyk, Viviana Venegas, Rebecca R. Luke, Huiyuan Jiang, Tetiana Stetsenko, Milagros M. Dueñas-Roque, Joseph Trasmonte, Rebecca J. Burke, Anna C. E. Hurst, Douglas M. Smith, Lauren J. Massingham, Laura Pisani, Carrie E. Costin, Betsy Ostrander, Francis M. Filloux, Amitha L. Ananth, Ismail S. Mohamed, Alla Nechai, Jasmin M. Dao, Michael C. Fahey, Ermal Aliu, Stephen Falchek, Craig A. Press, Lauren Treat, Krista Eschbach, Angela Starks, Ryan Kammeyer, Joshua J. Bear, Mona Jacobson, Veronika Chernuha, Bailey Meibos, Kristen Wong, Matthew T. Sweney, A. Chris Espinoza, Colin B. Van Orman, Arie Weinstock, Ashutosh Kumar, Claudia Soler-Alfonso, Danielle A. Nolan, Muhammad Raza, Miguel David Rojas Carrion, Geetha Chari, Eric D. Marsh, Yael Shiloh-Malawsky, Sumit Parikh, Ernesto Gonzalez-Giraldo, Stephen Fulton, Yoshimi Sogawa, Kaitlyn Burns, Myroslava Malets, Johnny David Montiel Blanco, Christa W. Habela, Carey A. Wilson, Guillermo G. Guzmán, Mariia Pavliuk

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: It is currently unknown how often and in which ways a genetic diagnosis given to a patient with epilepsy is associated with clinical management and outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how genetic diagnoses in patients with epilepsy are associated with clinical management and outcomes.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients referred for multigene panel testing between March 18, 2016, and August 3, 2020, with outcomes reported between May and November 2020. The study setting included a commercial genetic testing laboratory and multicenter clinical practices. Patients with epilepsy, regardless of sociodemographic features, who received a …

Implementation Of Infant Driven Feeding™ In A Level Ii Nicu, Kelly Gardner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Capstones

In the United States, currently, 1 in 10 babies are born premature. Due to the immaturity of their neurological, gastrointestinal, and cardio-respiratory functions, preterm infants can experience the inability to coordinate sucking, swallowing, and breathing that is essential to oral feed. Cue-based oral feeding methods are designed to give the caregiver the ability to recognize signs of readiness and respond appropriately to the infant cues to adjust the manner in which feeding intervention is performed to match the infant’s current state of physiologic tolerance. The Infant Driven Feeding™ program incorporates scales to assess readiness and quality of the oral feeding, …

Prenatal Exposure To Maternal Social Disadvantage And Psychosocial Stress And Neonatal White Matter Connectivity At Birth, Rachel E Lean, Christopher D Smyser, Rebecca G Brady, Regina L Triplett, Sydney Kaplan, Jeanette K Kenley, Joshua S Shimony, Tara A Smyser, J Phillip Miller, Deanna M Barch, Joan L Luby, Barbara B Warner, Cynthia E Rogers

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Early life adversity (social disadvantage and psychosocial stressors) is associated with altered microstructure in fronto-limbic pathways important for socioemotional development. Understanding when these associations begin to emerge may inform the timing and design of preventative interventions. In this longitudinal study, 399 mothers were oversampled for low income and completed social background measures during pregnancy. Measures were analyzed with structural equation analysis resulting in two latent factors: social disadvantage (education, insurance status, income-to-needs ratio [INR], neighborhood deprivation, and nutrition) and psychosocial stress (depression, stress, life events, and racial discrimination). At birth, 289 healthy term-born neonates underwent a diffusion MRI (dMRI) scan. …

Respiratory Virus Surveillance Among Children With Acute Respiratory Illnesses - New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, 2016-2021., Ariana Perez, Joana Y. Lively, Aaron Curns, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Natasha B. Halasa, Mary Allen Staat, Peter G. Szilagyi, Laura S. Stewart, Monica M. Mcneal, Benjamin Clopper, Yingtao Zhou, Brett L. Whitaker, Elizabeth Lemasters, Elizabeth Harker, Janet A. Englund, Eileen J. Klein, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J. Harrison, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Marian G. Michaels, John V. Williams, Gayle E. Langley, Susan I. Gerber, Angela Campbell, Aron J. Hall, Brian Rha, Meredith Mcmorrow, New Vaccine Surveillance Network Collaborators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) is a prospective, active, population-based surveillance platform that enrolls children with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) at seven pediatric medical centers. ARIs are caused by respiratory viruses including influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs), and most recently SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), which result in morbidity among infants and young children (1-6). NVSN estimates the incidence of pathogen-specific pediatric ARIs and collects clinical data (e.g., underlying medical conditions and vaccination status) to assess risk factors for severe disease and calculate influenza and COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness. Current NVSN …

Respiratory Virus Surveillance Among Children With Acute Respiratory Illnesses - New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, 2016-2021, Ariana Perez, Joana Y Lively, Aaron Curns, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Natasha B Halasa, Mary Allen Staat, Peter G Szilagyi, Laura S Stewart, Monica M Mcneal, Benjamin Clopper, Yingtao Zhou, Brett L Whitaker, Elizabeth Lemasters, Elizabeth Harker, Janet A Englund, Eileen J Klein, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J Harrison, Julie A Boom, Leila C Sahni, Marian G Michaels, John V Williams, Gayle E Langley, Susan I Gerber, Angela Campbell, Aron J Hall, Brian Rha, Meredith Mcmorrow

Journal Articles

The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) is a prospective, active, population-based surveillance platform that enrolls children with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) at seven pediatric medical centers. ARIs are caused by respiratory viruses including influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs), and most recently SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), which result in morbidity among infants and young children (1-6). NVSN estimates the incidence of pathogen-specific pediatric ARIs and collects clinical data (e.g., underlying medical conditions and vaccination status) to assess risk factors for severe disease and calculate influenza and COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness. Current NVSN …

Unravelling The Reservoirs For Colonisation Of Infants With Campylobacter Spp. In Rural Ethiopia: Protocol For A Longitudinal Study During A Global Pandemic And Political Tensions, Arie H Havelaar, Mark J Manary, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Undernutrition is an underlying cause of mortality in children under five (CU5) years of age. Animal-source foods have been shown to decrease malnutrition in CU5. Livestock are important reservoirs for

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This longitudinal study involves 115 infants who are followed from birth to 12 months of age and are selected randomly from 10 kebeles of Haramaya woreda, East Hararghe zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Questionnaire-based information is obtained on demographics, livelihoods, wealth, health, nutrition and women empowerment; animal ownership/management and diseases; and water, sanitation and hygiene. Faecal samples are collected from infants, mothers, siblings and livestock, drinking water …

Antenatal Dexamethasone For Improving Preterm Newborn Outcomes In Low-Resource Countries: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of The Who Action-I Trial, Who Action Trial Collaborators, Katherine E. Eddy, Joshua P. Vogel, Nick Scott, Dagnachew Fetene, Shabina Ariff, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Lumaan Sheikh, Farrukh Raza, Almas Aamir

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: After considerable debate, there is now unequivocal evidence that use of antenatal corticosteroids improves outcomes in preterm neonates when used in women at risk of early preterm birth in reasonably equipped hospitals in low-resource countries. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of dexamethasone administration in the management of preterm birth in a cohort of pregnant women from five low-resource countries.
Methods: We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis using data from 2828 women (and 3051 babies) who participated in the WHO ACTION-I trial, a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial that assessed the safety and efficacy of dexamethasone in pregnant women at risk …

Cost-Effectiveness Frameworks For Comparing Genome And Exome Sequencing Versus Conventional Diagnostic Pathways: A Scoping Review And Recommended Methods, Bart S Ferket, Zach Baldwin, Priyanka Murali, Akila Pai, Kathleen F Mittendorf, Heidi V Russell, Flavia Chen, Frances L Lynch, Kristen Hassmiller Lich, Lucia A Hindorff, Renate Savich, Anne Slavotinek, Hadley Stevens Smith, Bruce D Gelb, David L Veenstra

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: Methodological challenges have limited economic evaluations of genome sequencing (GS) and exome sequencing (ES). Our objective was to develop conceptual frameworks for model-based cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) of diagnostic GS/ES.

METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of economic analyses to develop and iterate with experts a set of conceptual CEA frameworks for GS/ES for prenatal testing, early diagnosis in pediatrics, diagnosis of delayed-onset disorders in pediatrics, genetic testing in cancer, screening of newborns, and general population screening.

RESULTS: Reflecting on 57 studies meeting inclusion criteria, we recommend the following considerations for each clinical scenario. For prenatal testing, performing comparative analyses …

Motherhood Together: Effects Of An Adapted Prenatal Curriculum On Mother And Infant Outcomes, Rebecca Lovan, Clare Brown, Keneshia Bryant-Moore, Leslie Mccormack, Nicole Ward, Shannon Kalkwarf, Beverly English, Elizabeth Riley

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background: Research shows that pregnant women experiencing housing insecurity are more likely to face barriers to prenatal care that can lead to negative health outcomes for both mother and infant. Previous studies have also shown that prenatal education programs provide pregnant mothers with the knowledge and resources that increase the likelihood of positive health outcomes. An interprofessional healthcare team in Central Arkansas modified an existing prenatal education program to create Motherhood Together, a program specifically tailored for pregnant women facing house insecurity.

Methods: The purpose of this initial evaluation of the Motherhood Together program was to identify the feasibility of …

Lrp1 Is A Neuronal Receptor For Α-Synuclein Uptake And Spread, Kai Chen, David M Holtzman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The aggregation and spread of α-synuclein (α-Syn) protein and related neuronal toxicity are the key pathological features of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). Studies have shown that pathological species of α-Syn and tau can spread in a prion-like manner between neurons, although these two proteins have distinct pathological roles and contribute to different neurodegenerative diseases. It is reported that the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) regulates the spread of tau proteins; however, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of α-Syn uptake and spread, and whether it is also regulated by LRP1, remain poorly understood.

METHODS: We established …

Cholecystitis Secondary To Salmonella Typhi: A Rare Pathology With An Unreported Management Option—A Case Report And Literature Review, Michael Ghio, Angelle Billiot, Jessica A. Zagory, Mary L. Brandt

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: This report describes the presentation and course of treatment for one of the youngest reported cases of empyema of the gallbladder. Given the rare occurrence of this disease process, we elected to proceed with a systematic review of the literature. This is only the 7th case series discussing pediatric empyema of the gallbladder due to Salmonella typhi in the literature, and the second case ever reported in the USA. Case presentation: We report a case of a previously healthy 13-month-old girl who presented with diffuse peritonitis and equivocal imaging studies. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed purulent peritonitis. The gallbladder was distended …

The Transition To Parenthood In Obstetrics: Enhancing Prenatal Care For 2-Generation Impact, Catherine Monk, Sona Dimidjian, Ellen Galinsky, Kimberly D. Gregory, M. Camille Hoffman, Elizabeth A. Howell, Emily S. Miller, Cynthia Osborne, Cynthia E. Rogers, Darby E. Saxbe, Mary E. D'Alton

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Obstetrics, the specialty overseeing infant and parent health before birth, could be expanded to address the interrelated areas of parents' prenatal impact on children's brain development and their own psychosocial needs during a time of immense change and neuroplasticity. Obstetrics is primed for the shift that is happening in pediatrics, which is moving from its traditional focus on physical health to a coordinated, whole-child, 2- or multigeneration approach. Pediatric care now includes developmental screening, parenting education, parent coaching, access to developmental specialists, brain-building caregiving skills, linkages to community resources, and tiered interventions with psychologists. Drawing on decades of developmental origins …

Pregnancy Outcomes Related To The Treatment Of Sarcomas With Anthracyclines And/Or Ifosfamide During Pregnancy, Devon Miller, John A Livingston, Yeonhee Park, Kristi Posey, Sonia Godbole, Keith Skubitz, Steven I Robinson, Mark Agulnik, Lara E Davis, Brian A Van Tine, Angela C Hirbe, Amanda Parkes

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Sarcomas are rare diagnoses but are seen with relative frequency in adolescents and young adults and thus can present in pregnancy. We sought to study the administration of anthracyclines and/or ifosfamide in pregnancy-associated sarcomas.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a multi-institutional retrospective study, identifying sarcoma patients who received anthracyclines and/or ifosfamide during pregnancy. Chart review identified variables related to demographics, cancer diagnosis, therapies, and outcome of the patient and fetus. Wilcoxon rank-sum test compared two independent samples.

RESULTS: We identified 13 patients at seven institutions with sarcoma who received anthracyclines and/or ifosfamide during pregnancy, including four bone sarcomas and …

Mild Hypothermia Fails To Protect Infant Macaques From Brain Injury Caused By Prolonged Exposure To Antiseizure Drugs, Chrysanthy Ikonomidou, Sophie H Wang, Nicole A Fuhler, Shreya Larson, Saverio Capuano 3rd, Kevin R Brunner, Kristin Crosno, Heather A Simmons, Andres F Mejia, Kevin K Noguchi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Barbiturates and benzodiazepines are GABA

The Global Network Socioeconomic Status Index As A Predictor Of Stillbirths, Perinatal Mortality, And Neonatal Mortality In Rural Communities In Low And Lower Middle Income Country Sites Of The Global Network For Women's And Children's Health Research, Archana B Patel, Carla M Bann, Cherryl S Kolhe, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Melissa Bauserman, Lester Figueroa, Nancy F Krebs, Fabian Esamai, Sherri Bucher, Sarah Saleem, Robert L Goldenberg, Elwyn Chomba, Waldemar A Carlo, Shivaprasad Goudar, Richard J Derman, Marion Koso-Thomas, Elizabeth M Mcclure, Patricia L Hibberd

Global Health Articles

BACKGROUND: Globally, socioeconomic status (SES) is an important health determinant across a range of health conditions and diseases. However, measuring SES within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) can be particularly challenging given the variation and diversity of LMIC populations.

OBJECTIVE: The current study investigates whether maternal SES as assessed by the newly developed Global Network-SES Index is associated with pregnancy outcomes (stillbirths, perinatal mortality, and neonatal mortality) in six LMICs: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia.

METHODS: The analysis included data from 87,923 women enrolled in the Maternal and Newborn Health Registry of the NICHD-funded …

Measuring And Controlling Medical Record Abstraction (Mra) Error Rates In An Observational Study., Maryam Y Garza, Tremaine Williams, Sahiti Myneni, Susan H Fenton, Songthip Ounpraseuth, Zhuopei Hu, Jeannette Lee, Jessica Snowden, Meredith N Zozus, Anita C Walden, Alan E Simon, Barbara Mcclaskey, Sarah G Sanders, Sandra S Beauman, Sara R Ford, Lacy Malloch, Amy Wilson, Lori A Devlin, Leslie W Young

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that data collection by medical record abstraction (MRA) is a significant source of error in clinical research studies relying on secondary use data. Yet, the quality of data collected using MRA is seldom assessed. We employed a novel, theory-based framework for data quality assurance and quality control of MRA. The objective of this work is to determine the potential impact of formalized MRA training and continuous quality control (QC) processes on data quality over time.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of QC data collected during a cross-sectional medical record review of mother-infant dyads with Neonatal …

Experiences With Menses In Transgender And Gender Nonbinary Adolescents., Beth I. Schwartz, Arielle Effron, Benjamin Bear, Vanessa L Short, Julia Eisenberg, Sarah Felleman, Anne E Kazak

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To describe menstrual history, associated dysphoria, and desire for menstrual management in transgender male and gender diverse adolescents who were assigned female at birth

DESIGN: Retrospective chart review

SETTING: Tertiary care children's hospital

PARTICIPANTS: All patients seen in a multidisciplinary pediatric gender program from March 2015 through December 2020 who were assigned female at birth, identified as transgender male or gender nonbinary, and had achieved menarche

INTERVENTION: None

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient demographics, menstrual history, interest in and prior experiences with menstrual management, parental support, and concerns about menstrual management

RESULTS: Of the 129 included patients, 116 (90%) …

A Genome-Wide Association Study Of Obstructive Heart Defects Among Participants In The National Birth Defects Prevention Study, Sara R Rashkin, Mario Cleves, Gary M Shaw, Wendy N Nembhard, Eirini Nestoridi, Mary M Jenkins, Paul A Romitti, Xiang-Yang Lou, Marilyn L Browne, Laura E Mitchell, Andrew F Olshan, Kevin Lomangino, Sudeepa Bhattacharyya, John S Witte, Charlotte A Hobbs

Journal Articles

Obstructive heart defects (OHDs) share common structural lesions in arteries and cardiac valves, accounting for ~25% of all congenital heart defects. OHDs are highly heritable, resulting from interplay among maternal exposures, genetic susceptibilities, and epigenetic phenomena. A genome-wide association study was conducted in National Birth Defects Prevention Study participants (N

Resting-State Functional Connectivity Identifies Individuals And Predicts Age In 8-To-26-Month-Olds, Omid Kardan, Sydney Kaplan, Muriah D. Wheelock, Dominique Meyer, Adam T. Eggebrecht, Christopher D. Smyser, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) measured with fMRI has been used to characterize functional brain maturation in typically and atypically developing children and adults. However, its reliability and utility for predicting development in infants and toddlers is less well understood. Here, we use fMRI data from the Baby Connectome Project study to measure the reliability and uniqueness of rsFC in infants and toddlers and predict age in this sample (8-to-26 months old; n = 170). We observed medium reliability for within-session infant rsFC in our sample, and found that individual infant and toddler's connectomes were sufficiently distinct for successful functional connectome …