Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Epigenome-Wide Association Study Of Mitochondrial Genome Copy Number., Penglong Wang, Christina A Castellani, Jie Yao, Tianxiao Huan, Lawrence F Bielak, Wei Zhao, Jeffrey Haessler, Roby Joehanes, Xianbang Sun, Xiuqing Guo, Ryan J Longchamps, Joann E Manson, Megan L Grove, Jan Bressler, Kent D Taylor, Tuuli Lappalainen, Silva Kasela, David J Van Den Berg, Lifang Hou, Alexander Reiner, Yongmei Liu, Eric Boerwinkle, Jennifer A Smith, Patricia A Peyser, Myriam Fornage, Stephen S Rich, Jerome I Rotter, Charles Kooperberg, Dan E Arking, Daniel Levy, Chunyu Liu

Journal Articles

We conducted cohort- and race-specific epigenome-wide association analyses of mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) copy number (mtDNA CN) measured in whole blood from participants of African and European origins in five cohorts (n = 6182, mean age = 57-67 years, 65% women). In the meta-analysis of all the participants, we discovered 21 mtDNA CN-associated DNA methylation sites (CpG) (P < 1 × 10-7), with a 0.7-3.0 standard deviation increase (3 CpGs) or decrease (18 CpGs) in mtDNA CN corresponding to a 1% increase in DNA methylation. Several significant CpGs have been reported to be associated with at least two risk factors (e.g. chronological age or smoking) for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Five genes [PR/SET domain 16, nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3 (NR1H3), DNA repair protein, DNA polymerase kappa and decaprenyl-diphosphate synthase subunit 2], which harbor nine significant CpGs, are known to be involved in mitochondrial biosynthesis and functions. For example, NR1H3 encodes a transcription factor that is differentially expressed during an adipose tissue transition. The methylation level of cg09548275 in NR1H3 was negatively associated with mtDNA CN (effect size = -1.71, P = 4 × 10-8) and was positively associated with the NR1H3 expression level (effect size = 0.43, P = 0.0003), which indicates that the methylation level in NR1H3 may underlie the relationship between mtDNA CN, the NR1H3 transcription factor and energy expenditure. In summary, the study results suggest that mtDNA CN variation in whole blood is associated with DNA methylation levels in genes that are involved in a wide range of mitochondrial activities. These findings will help reveal molecular mechanisms between mtDNA CN and CVD.

Women And Ethnoracial Minorities With Poor Cardiovascular Health Measures Associated With A Higher Risk Of Developing Mood Disorder, Aixia Guo, Kari A Stephens, Yosef M Khan, James R Langabeer, Randi E Foraker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mood disorders (MDS) are a type of mental health illness that effects millions of people in the United States. Early prediction of MDS can give providers greater opportunity to treat these disorders. We hypothesized that longitudinal cardiovascular health (CVH) measurements would be informative for MDS prediction.

METHODS: To test this hypothesis, the American Heart Association's Guideline Advantage (TGA) dataset was used, which contained longitudinal EHR from 70 outpatient clinics. The statistical analysis and machine learning models were employed to identify the associations of the MDS and the longitudinal CVH metrics and other confounding factors.

RESULTS: Patients diagnosed with MDS …

Attitudes Toward Pursuing Genetic Testing Among Parents Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder In Taiwan: A Qualitative Investigation, Zihan Zhang, Justin Kramer, Haocen Wang, Wei-Ju Chen, Tse-Yang Huang, Yann-Jang Chen, Tung-Sung Tseng, Lei-Shih Chen

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Background: The diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cases is increasing in Taiwan. Genetic testing for children with ASD offers several potential benefits and is available with out-of-pocket expenses. Parents play a pivotal role in having their children with ASD tested; therefore, understanding their perceptions of, and perceived barriers to genetic testing is vital. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 39 parents of children with ASD in Taiwan. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. NVivo 12 software (QSR International, Doncaster, Australia) was used to facilitate an inductive coding methodology. Results: The majority of participants (74.4%) supported ASD genetic testing for …

A Next Generation Sequencing-Based Protocol For Screening Of Variants Of Concern In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Jie Huang, Jun Liu, Ruiyi Tian, Kevin Liu, Patrick Zhuang, Hannah Tayla Sherman, Christoph Budjan, Michelle Fong, Min-Seo Jeong, Xue-Jun Kong

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with strong genetic influences. There is an increasing demand for ASD genetic testing beyond the traditionally recommended microarray and syndromic autism testing; however, the current whole genome sequencing (WGS) and whole exome sequencing (WES) methods are lacking an academic standard for WGS variant annotation, reporting, and interpretation, tailored towards patients with ASD and offer very limited interpretation for clinical significance. Using WGS data from six family trios, we demonstrate the clinical feasibility and technical implementation of an evidence-based, fully transparent bioinformatics pipeline and report framework for an ASD-focused WGS genetic report. We …

A Cross-Sectional Survey Of Potential Factors, Motivations, And Barriers Influencing Research Participation And Retention Among People Who Use Drugs In The Rural Usa, Angela T. Hetrick, April M. Young, Miriam R. Elman, Sarann Bielavitz, Rhonda L. Alexander, Morgan Brown, Elizabeth Needham Waddell, P. Todd Korthuis, Kathryn E. Lancaster

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite high morbidity and mortality among people who use drugs (PWUD) in rural America, most research is conducted within urban areas. Our objective was to describe influencing factors, motivations, and barriers to research participation and retention among rural PWUD.

METHODS: We recruited 255 eligible participants from community outreach and community-based, epidemiologic research cohorts from April to July 2019 to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Eligible participants reported opioid or injection drug use to get high within 30 days and resided in high-needs rural counties in Oregon, Kentucky, and Ohio. We aggregated response rankings to identify salient influences, motivations, and …

Emerging Themes In The Molecular Pathogenesis Of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli, James M Fleckenstein, Alaullah Sheikh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are ubiquitous diarrheal pathogens that thrive in areas lacking basic human needs of clean water and sanitation. These genetically plastic organisms cause tremendous morbidity among disadvantaged young children, in the form of both acute diarrheal illness and sequelae of malnutrition and growth impairment. The recent discovery of additional plasmid-encoded virulence factors and elucidation of their critical role in the molecular pathogenesis of ETEC may inform new approaches to the development of broadly protective vaccines. Although the pathogens have been closely linked epidemiologically with nondiarrheal sequelae, these conditions remain very poorly understood. Similarly, while canonical effects of …

Feasibility Of An Assessment Tool As A Data-Driven Approach To Reducing Racial Bias In Biomedical Publications., Siobhan Wescott, Ronn Johnson, Sangeeta Lamba, Devon Olson, Yolanda Haywood, Carolyn C Meltzer, Ricardo Correa

Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Acculturation Strategies And Pap Screening Uptake Among Sub-Saharan African Immigrants (Sais), Adebola Adegboyega, Jia-Rong Wu, Gia Mudd-Martin

Nursing Faculty Publications

Although regular cervical cancer screening can prevent cervical cancer, screening utilization remains low among immigrant population including sub-Saharan African immigrants (SAIs). Acculturation is a complex process, which can lead to adoption of positive or negative health behaviors from the dominant culture. Acculturation strategies are the varying ways in which individuals seek to go about their acculturation by either maintaining or rejecting their own cultural values ip or accepting or rejecting the host culture's cultural values. Cervical cancer screening behaviors among SAI women may be influenced by their acculturation strategies. We conducted a secondary analysis of data to examine the relationship …

Transcriptional Reprogramming Differentiates Active From Inactive Esr1 Fusions In Endocrine Therapy-Refractory Metastatic Breast Cancer, Xuxu Gou, Shunqiang Li, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Genomic analysis has recently identified multiple

Minimally Invasive Postmortem Intestinal Tissue Sampling In Malnourished And Acutely Ill Children Is Feasible And Informative, Erika Feutz, Wieger Voskuijl, Peter J Finch, Ta-Chiang Liu, Robert H J Bandsma, Phillip I Tarr, Christopher Alan Moxon, Kelley Vanbuskirk, Sarah Lawrence, Grace Umutesi, Kirkby D Tickell, James A Berkley, Judd L Walson, Steve Kamiza, Donna M Denno

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Intestinal disorders such as environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and important contributors to childhood undernutrition and mortality. Autopsies are rarely performed in LMICs but minimally invasive tissue sampling is increasingly deployed as a more feasible and acceptable procedure, although protocols have been devoid of intestinal sampling to date. We sought to determine (1) the feasibility of postmortem intestinal sampling, (2) whether autolysis precludes enteric biopsies' utility, and (3) histopathologic features among children who died during hospitalization with acute illness or undernutrition.

METHODS: Transabdominal needle and endoscopic forceps upper and lower intestinal sampling …

Stat3 Inhibitor Mitigates Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy And Parenchymal Amyloid Plaques While Improving Cognitive Functions And Brain Networks, Jogender Mehla, Itender Singh, Deepti Diwan, James W Nelson, Molly Lawrence, Eunjae Lee, Adam Q Bauer, David M Holtzman, Gregory J Zipfel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Previous reports indicate a potential role for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in amyloid-β (Aβ) processing and neuritic plaque pathogenesis. In the present study, the impact of STAT3 inhibition on cognition, cerebrovascular function, amyloid pathology, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation was studied using in vitro and in vivo models of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology. For in vitro experiments, human brain vascular smooth muscle cells (HBVSMC) and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) were used, and these cultured cells were exposed to Aβ peptides followed by measurement of activated forms of STAT3 expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. …

A Case Of Unintentional Isopropanol Poisoning Via Transdermal Absorption Delayed By Weekly Hemodialysis, Andrew R. Chavez, Michael T. Sweeney, Peter Akpunonu

Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND Isopropanol toxicity is the most common reported toxic alcohol ingestion in the United States and is well known to emergency physicians. Most toxicities result from unintentional ingestion of rubbing alcohol; however, an under-recognized mechanism of unintentional toxicity is transdermal absorption. Additionally, hemodialysis effectively removes isopropanol and its metabolites from circulation, so that in patients receiving regular hemodialysis, the manifestation of toxicity can be delayed.

CASE REPORT A 67-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease secondary to insulin-dependent type II diabetes on once-weekly hemodialysis presented to the Emergency Department via the Emergency Medical Service with acute encephalopathy, severe hypoglycemia, and hypothermia. …

Inhibition Of Nadph Oxidase Blocks Netosis And Reduces Thrombosis In Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia, Halina H L Leung, Jose Perdomo, Zohra Ahmadi, Feng Yan, Steven E. Mckenzie, Beng H Chong

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is associated with severe and potentially lethal thrombotic complications. NETosis was recently shown to be an important driver of thrombosis in HIT. We investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) and their contributions to thrombus development in HIT. We showed that neutrophil activation by HIT immune complexes induced ROS-dependent NETosis. Analysis of thrombi formed in a microfluidics system showed ROS production in both platelets and neutrophils, and abundant neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and ROS distributed throughout the clot. Neutrophil-targeted ROS inhibition was sufficient to block HIT-induced NETosis …

Beyond The Raskin Protocol: Ketamine, Lidocaine, And Other Therapies For Refractory Chronic Migraine., Jeffrey J. Mojica, Eric S. Schwenk, Clinton Lauritsen, Stephanie J. Nahas

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to discuss the available evidence and therapeutic considerations for intravenous drug therapy for refractory chronic migraine.

RECENT FINDINGS: In carefully monitored settings, the inpatient administration of intravenous lidocaine and ketamine can be successful in treating refractory chronic migraine. Many patients with refractory chronic migraine have experienced treatment failure with the Raskin protocol. The use of aggressive inpatient infusion therapy consisting of intravenous lidocaine or ketamine, along with other adjunctive medications, has become increasingly common for these patients when all other treatments have failed. There is a clear need for prospective studies …

Activation Of The Α1Β2Γ2l Gaba Receptor By Physiological Agonists, Spencer R Pierce, Allison L Germann, Gustav Akk

Open Access Publications

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Radioembolization With Chemotherapy For Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Randomized, Open-Label, International, Multicenter, Phase Iii Trial, Mary F Mulcahy, Armeen Mahvash, Marc Pracht, Amir H Montazeri, Steve Bandula, Robert C G Martin, Ken Herrmann, Ewan Brown, Darryl Zuckerman, Gregory Wilson, Tae-You Kim, Andrew Weaver, Paul Ross, William P Harris, Janet Graham, Jamie Mills, Alfonso Yubero Esteban, Matthew S Johnson, Constantinos T Sofocleous, Siddharth A Padia, Robert J Lewandowski, Etienne Garin, Philip Sinclair, Riad Salem

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: To study the impact of transarterial Yttrium-90 radioembolization (TARE) in combination with second-line systemic chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases (CLM).

METHODS: In this international, multicenter, open-label phase III trial, patients with CLM who progressed on oxaliplatin- or irinotecan-based first-line therapy were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive second-line chemotherapy with or without TARE. The two primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and hepatic PFS (hPFS), assessed by blinded independent central review. Random assignment was performed using a web- or voice-based system stratified by unilobar or bilobar disease, oxaliplatin- or irinotecan-based first-line chemotherapy, and

RESULTS: Four hundred twenty-eight patients from …

Evaluation Of Pediatric Rheumatology Telehealth Satisfaction During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Lindsay N Waqar-Cowles, John Chuo, Pamela F Weiss, Sabrina Gmuca, Marianna Lanoue, Jon M Burnham

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Background: During the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, ambulatory pediatric rheumatology healthcare rapidly transformed to a mainly telehealth model. However, pediatric patient and caregiver satisfaction with broadly deployed telehealth programs remains largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate patient/caregiver satisfaction with telehealth and identify the factors associated with satisfaction in a generalizable sample of pediatric rheumatology patients.

Methods: Patients with an initial telehealth video visit with a rheumatology provider between April and June 2020 were eligible. All patients/caregivers were sent a post-visit survey to assess a modified version of the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ) and demographic and clinical characteristics. TUQ total …

Epigenome-Wide Association Study Of Serum Urate Reveals Insights Into Urate Co-Regulation And The Slc2a9 Locus., Adrienne Tin, Pascal Schlosser, Pamela R Matias-Garcia, Chris H L Thio, Roby Joehanes, Hongbo Liu, Zhi Yu, Antoine Weihs, Anselm Hoppmann, Franziska Grundner-Culemann, Josine L Min, Victoria L Halperin Kuhns, Adebowale A Adeyemo, Charles Agyemang, Johan Ärnlöv, Nasir A Aziz, Andrea Baccarelli, Murielle Bochud, Hermann Brenner, Jan Bressler, Monique M B Breteler, Cristian Carmeli, Layal Chaker, Josef Coresh, Tanguy Corre, Adolfo Correa, Simon R Cox, Graciela E Delgado, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Arif B Ekici, Karlhans Endlich, James S Floyd, Eliza Fraszczyk, Xu Gao, Xīn Gào, Allan C Gelber, Mohsen Ghanbari, Sahar Ghasemi, Christian Gieger, Philip Greenland, Megan L Grove, Sarah E Harris, Gibran Hemani, Peter Henneman, Christian Herder, Steve Horvath, Lifang Hou, Mikko A Hurme, Shih-Jen Hwang, Sharon L R Kardia, Silva Kasela, Marcus E Kleber, Wolfgang Koenig, Jaspal S Kooner, Florian Kronenberg, Brigitte Kühnel, Christine Ladd-Acosta, Terho Lehtimäki, Lars Lind, Dan Liu, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Stefan Lorkowski, Ake T Lu, Riccardo E Marioni, Winfried März, Daniel L Mccartney, Karlijn A C Meeks, Lili Milani, Pashupati P Mishra, Matthias Nauck, Christoph Nowak, Annette Peters, Holger Prokisch, Bruce M Psaty, Olli T Raitakari, Scott M Ratliff, Alex P Reiner, Ben Schöttker, Joel Schwartz, Sanaz Sedaghat, Jennifer A Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, Hannah R Stocker, Silvia Stringhini, Johan Sundström, Brenton R Swenson, Joyce B J Van Meurs, Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Andrea Venema, Uwe Völker, Juliane Winkelmann, Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel, Wei Zhao, Yinan Zheng, Marie Loh, Harold Snieder, Melanie Waldenberger, Daniel Levy, Shreeram Akilesh, Owen M Woodward, Katalin Susztak, Alexander Teumer, Anna Köttgen

Journal Articles

Elevated serum urate levels, a complex trait and major risk factor for incident gout, are correlated with cardiometabolic traits via incompletely understood mechanisms. DNA methylation in whole blood captures genetic and environmental influences and is assessed in transethnic meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of serum urate (discovery, n = 12,474, replication, n = 5522). The 100 replicated, epigenome-wide significant (p < 1.1E-7) CpGs explain 11.6% of the serum urate variance. At SLC2A9, the serum urate locus with the largest effect in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), five CpGs are associated with SLC2A9 gene expression. Four CpGs at SLC2A9 have significant causal effects on serum urate levels and/or gout, and two of these partly mediate the effects of urate-associated GWAS variants. In other genes, including SLC7A11 and PHGDH, 17 urate-associated CpGs are associated with conditions defining metabolic syndrome, suggesting that these CpGs may represent a blood DNA methylation signature of cardiometabolic risk factors. This study demonstrates that EWAS can provide new insights into GWAS loci and the correlation of serum urate with other complex traits.

Macrophages Expressing Uncoupling Protein 1 Increase In Adipose Tissue In Response To Cold In Humans, Brian S. Finlin, Hasiyet Memetimin, Amy L. Confides, Beibei Zhu, Philip M. Westgate, Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden, Philip A. Kern

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Acute cold induces beige adipocyte protein marker expression in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SC WAT) from both the cold treated and contralateral leg, and the immune system regulates SC WAT beiging in mice. Cold treatment significantly increased the gene expression of the macrophage markers CD68 and 86 in SC WAT. Therefore, we comprehensively investigated the involvement of macrophages in SC WAT beiging in lean and obese humans by immunohistochemistry. Cold treatment significantly increased CD163/CD68 macrophages in SC WAT from the cold treated and contralateral legs of lean and obese subjects, and had similar effects on CD206/CD68 macrophages, whereas the …

Can Repurposing Drugs Play A Role In Malaria Control?, Roland A. Cooper, Laura Kirkman

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

Innovative drug treatments for malaria, optimally with novel targets, are needed to combat the threat of parasite drug resistance. As drug development efforts continue, there may be a role for a host-targeting, repurposed cancer drug administered together with an artemisinin combination therapy that was shown to improve the speed of recovery from a malaria infection.

Electronically Available Patient Claims Data Improve Models For Comparing Antibiotic Use Across Hospitals: Results From 576 Us Facilities, Katherine E Goodman, Lisa Pineles, Laurence S Magder, Deverick J Anderson, Elizabeth Dodds Ashley, Ronald E Polk, Hude Quan, William E Trick, Keith F Woeltje, Surbhi Leekha, Sara E Cosgrove, Anthony D Harris

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) uses standardized antimicrobial administration ratios (SAARs)-that is, observed-to-predicted ratios-to compare antibiotic use across facilities. CDC models adjust for facility characteristics when predicting antibiotic use but do not include patient diagnoses and comorbidities that may also affect utilization. This study aimed to identify comorbidities causally related to appropriate antibiotic use and to compare models that include these comorbidities and other patient-level claims variables to a facility model for risk-adjusting inpatient antibiotic utilization.

METHODS: The study included adults discharged from Premier Database hospitals in 2016-2017. For each admission, we extracted facility, claims, and …

Overexpression Screen Of Interferon-Stimulated Genes Identifies Rarres3 As A Restrictor Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection, Nicholas Rinkenberger, Michael E Abrams, Sumit K Matta, John W Schoggins, Neal M Alto, L David Sibley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Association Of Low-Frequency And Rare Coding Variants With Information Processing Speed., Jan Bressler, Gail Davies, Albert V Smith, Yasaman Saba, Joshua C Bis, Xueqiu Jian, Caroline Hayward, Lisa Yanek, Jennifer A Smith, Saira S Mirza, Ruiqi Wang, Hieab H H Adams, Diane Becker, Eric Boerwinkle, Archie Campbell, Simon R Cox, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Chloe Fawns-Ritchie, Rebecca F Gottesman, Megan L Grove, Xiuqing Guo, Edith Hofer, Sharon L R Kardia, Maria J Knol, Marisa Koini, Oscar L Lopez, Riccardo E Marioni, Paul Nyquist, Alison Pattie, Ozren Polasek, David J Porteous, Igor Rudan, Claudia L Satizabal, Helena Schmidt, Reinhold Schmidt, Stephen Sidney, Jeannette Simino, Blair H Smith, Stephen T Turner, Sven J Van Der Lee, Erin B Ware, Rachel A Whitmer, Kristine Yaffe, Qiong Yang, Wei Zhao, Vilmundur Gudnason, Lenore J Launer, Annette L Fitzpatrick, Bruce M Psaty, Myriam Fornage, M Arfan Ikram, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Sudha Seshadri, Thomas H Mosley, Ian J Deary

Journal Articles

Measures of information processing speed vary between individuals and decline with age. Studies of aging twins suggest heritability may be as high as 67%. The Illumina HumanExome Bead Chip genotyping array was used to examine the association of rare coding variants with performance on the Digit-Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) in community-dwelling adults participating in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium. DSST scores were available for 30,576 individuals of European ancestry from nine cohorts and for 5758 individuals of African ancestry from four cohorts who were older than 45 years and free of dementia and …

Promoting Nutrition Equity For Individuals With Physical Challenges: A Systematic Review Of Barriers And Facilitators To Healthy Eating., Marianna S Wetherill, Ashten R Duncan, Hartley Bowman, Reagan Collins, Natalie Santa-Pinter, Morgan Jackson, Catherine M Lynn, Katherine Prentice, Mary Isaacson

Library Staff Publications

Impaired mobility is the most common form of functional disability in the US, affecting one out of every sixteen working-age adults. Little is known about the barriers to and facilitators of healthy eating among people with impaired mobility (PWIM), who are at increased risk for diet-related chronic disease. The pathways by which impaired mobility influence dietary intake are unclear, yet likely involve a complex interplay between structural determinants of health and individual factors. To help advance nutrition equity initiatives for PWIM, this systematic review aimed to qualitatively synthesize factors associated with dietary intake across four levels of ecologic influence. An …

The Fatigue Paradox: Team Perceptions Of Physician Fatigue, Emily Field, Lorelei Lingard, Richard Cherry, Julie Ann Van Koughnett, Sandra Deluca, Taryn Taylor

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

OBJECTIVES: Ongoing calls to implement fatigue risk management in residency education assume a shared understanding of physician fatigue as a workplace hazard, yet we lack empirical evidence that all health care team members maintain this assumption. Thus, this study seeks to explore how health care team members understand the role of physician fatigue in an effort to inform the implementation of fatigue risk management in residency training and medical practice.

METHODS: This study uses constructivist grounded theory to explore perceptions of workplace fatigue and its impact on clinical practice. We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with physicians, nurses and senior residents …

Stem Signatures Associating Sox2 Antibody Helps To Define Diagnosis And Prognosis Prediction With Esophageal Cancer, Zi-Yang Peng, Qing-Shi Wang, Kai Li, Si-Si Chen, Xiang Li, Guo-Dong Xiao, Shou-Ching Tang, Hong Ren, Zhe Wang, Xin Sun

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Background: esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. Due to the ineffectual screening methods referring to early diagnosis, most people have lost their chance of radical resection when diagnosed with esophageal cancer. This aim of this study was designed to evaluate the latent values of the stem signatures-associated autoantibodies (AABS) in predicting the early diagnosis, and particularly seeking the precise predictive outcomes with sensitive SOX2. We also studied the potential immunotherapeutic targets and prospective long-term prognosis predicators of esophageal cancer.

Methods: The serum concentrations of selective antibodies were quantitated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a total of …

Physical Activity May Mitigate Covid-19 Infections In People With Obesity: A Call To Action., Christina D Economos, William H. Dietz, Kathleen Tullie, James F Sallis

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Accidental Ocular Rocuronium Exposure., Ayal Z Pierce, Sonal Batra, Bailey Norberg

Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Of Muscle Perfusion May Indicate Patient Response To Left Ventricular Assist Device Therapy., Lauren J. Delaney, Kathleen Fitzgerald, Maria Stanczak, Priscilla Machado, John W..C. Entwistle, Flemming Forsberg, Gordon R. Reeves

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support is associated with peripheral vascular abnormalities beyond those associated with heart failure (HF). These abnormalities are associated with persistent functional impairments that adversely impact quality of life (QoL). Methods for measuring peripheral vascular function in this population are needed.

METHODS: This pilot study investigated the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) using standardized protocols to estimate changes in peripheral (quadriceps) muscle perfusion among patients with HF (INTERMACS profile 3) undergoing LVAD implantation (n = 7). Patients were then stratified by those who did ("responders", n = 4) and did not ("nonresponders", n = 3) …

Spatial Concordance Of Dna Methylation Classification In Diffuse Glioma., Niels Verburg, Floris P Barthel, Kevin J Anderson, Kevin C Johnson, Thomas Koopman, Maqsood M Yaqub, Otto S Hoekstra, Adriaan A Lammertsma, Frederik Barkhof, Petra J W Pouwels, Jaap C Reijneveld, Annemieke J M Rozemuller, Jeroen A M Beliën, Ronald Boellaard, Michael D Taylor, Sunit Das, Joseph F Costello, William Peter Vandertop, Pieter Wesseling, Philip C De Witt Hamer, Roel G W Verhaak

Faculty Research 2021

BACKGROUND: Intratumoral heterogeneity is a hallmark of diffuse gliomas. DNA methylation profiling is an emerging approach in the clinical classification of brain tumors. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of intratumoral heterogeneity on classification confidence.

METHODS: We used neuronavigation to acquire 133 image-guided and spatially separated stereotactic biopsy samples from 16 adult patients with a diffuse glioma (7 IDH-wildtype and 2 IDH-mutant glioblastoma, 6 diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant and 1 oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p19q codeleted), which we characterized using DNA methylation arrays. Samples were obtained from regions with and without abnormalities on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion …