Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Early Detection Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And/Or Epilepsy By Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Fawzy A. Ashour, Maathir K. Elshafie, Omnia Ameen, Sameh A. Abdelnabi, Yahya M. Naguib

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objectives The objective of this study was early detection of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or epilepsy by oxidative stress biomarkers. Background ADHD is a developmental disorder with an etiopathology not fully understood. According to the prevailing view, oxidative metabolism may be involved. Patients and methods The study sample consisted of 100 children. Children were equally divided into four groups (25 children/group): group I (control group); group II (ADHD group); group III (epilepsy group); and group IV (ADHD with epilepsy group). Each participant was subjected to a multidisciplinary clinical interview using a comprehensively devised semistructured sheet covering sociodemographics, psychiatric and …

The Effects Of Synthetic And Dietary Therapeutics On Learning, Memory, Motor Coordination, And Seizure In An Angelman Syndrome Mouse Model, Stephanie Lynn Ciarlone

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare genetic and neurological disorder presenting with severe developmental delay, ataxia, epilepsy, and lack of speech. AS is associated with a neuron-specific loss of function of the maternal UBE3A allele, a gene encoding an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Currently, no cure exists for this disorder; however, recent research using an AS mouse model suggests that pharmacological intervention is plausible, and can alleviate some of the detrimental phenotypes reported in AS patients.

Although there is no curative treatment for AS, seizure medication and behavioral therapies are most commonly prescribed in order to minimize symptoms. However, these options …

Ictal Verbal Help-Seeking: Occurrence And The Underlying Etiology., Ali Akbar Asadi-Pooya, Marjan Asadollahi, Krzysztof Bujarski, Amin H. Rabiei, Narsis Aminian, Dale Wyeth, Michael R. Sperling

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Ictal verbal help-seeking has never been systematically studied before. In this study, we evaluated a series of patients with ictal verbal help-seeking to characterize its frequency and underlying etiology.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all the long-term video-EEG reports from Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center over a 12-year period (2004-2015) for the occurrence of the term "help" in the text body. All the extracted reports were reviewed and patients with at least one episode of documented ictal verbal help-seeking in epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) were studied. For each patient, the data were reviewed from the electronic medical records, EMU report, and …

Ictal Kissing: Occurrence And Etiology., Ali Akbar Asadi-Pooya, Elizabeth W. Fletman

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Ictal kissing is a rare semiological manifestation in patients with epilepsy. We tried to estimate its occurrence and characterize the underlying etiology. We retrospectively reviewed all video-EEG reports from Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center over a 12-year period (2004-2015) for the occurrence of the term "kiss". We then searched the electronic database PubMed on September 21, 2016 using the following search terms in the English language: "ictal" OR "seizure" OR "epilepsy" AND "kiss" OR "kissing". Relevant original studies were included. During the study period, 5133 patients were investigated in our epilepsy monitoring unit. One patient (0.02%) had one episode of documented …

A New Sv2a Ligand For Epilepsy, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

Usage Of Swi (Susceptibility Weighted Imaging) Acquired At 7t For Qualitative Evaluation Of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients With Histopathological And Clinical Correlation: An Initial Pilot Study., Benjamin Y M Kwan, Fateme Salehi, Pavlo Ohorodnyk, Donald H Lee, Jorge G Burneo, Seyed M Mirsattari, David Steven, Robert Hammond, Terry M Peters, Ali R Khan

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

OBJECTIVES: Ultra high field MRI at 7T is able to provide much improved spatial and contrast resolution which may aid in the diagnosis of hippocampal abnormalities. This paper presents a preliminary experience on qualitative evaluation of 7T MRI in temporal lobe epilepsy patients with a focus on comparison to histopathology.

METHODS: 7T ultra high field MRI data, using T1-weighted, T2*-weighted and susceptibility-weighted images (SWI), were acquired for 13 patients with drug resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) during evaluation for potential epilepsy surgery. Qualitative evaluation of the imaging data for scan quality and presence of hippocampal and temporal lobe abnormalities were …

The Beneficial Amalgamation Of Technology And Neurology, Danielle Long

The Diana McDonald Writer's Challenge

In 1958, the first successful pacemaker (to regulate the rhythmic beating of the heart) was devised. Now researchers and technicians have devised a technology that can record neural signals, thereby connecting brain signals with medical technology. This essay describes the successes and future potential of the NeuroPace device for improving the quality of life for people who are subject to epileptic seizures.

Seizure Clusters In Drug-Resistant Focal Epilepsy., Ali Akbar Asadi-Pooya, Maromi Nei, Ashwini Sharan, Michael R. Sperling

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

We investigated clinical factors associated with seizure clustering in patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy and any association between seizure clustering and outcome after surgery. We performed a retrospective study including patients with a diagnosis of drug-resistant focal epilepsy who underwent epilepsy surgery. Patients were prospectively registered in a database from 1986 until 2015. Seizure cluster was defined as two or more seizures occurring within 2 days. Potential risk factors for seizure clustering were assessed. To investigate any potential association between seizure clusters and seizure outcome after surgery, time to event analysis was used to produce a Kaplan-Meier estimate of seizure …

Ictal Pain: Occurrence, Clinical Features, And Underlying Etiologies., Ali Akbar Asadi-Pooya, Marjan Asadollahi, Michael R. Sperling

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: We analyzed a series of patients with ictal pain to estimate its occurrence and characterize the underlying etiologies.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all the long-term video-EEG reports from Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center over a 12-year period (2004-2015) for the occurrence of the term "pain" in the text body. All the extracted reports were reviewed, and patients with at least one documented episode of ictal pain in the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) were included in the study.

RESULTS: During the study period, 5133 patients were investigated in our EMU. Forty-six patients (0.9%) had at least one documented episode of ictal …

Assessing The Cultural Appropriateness Of Uplift For African Americans With Epilepsy: A Community Engaged Approach, Josalin J. Hunter-Jones, April L. Nellum, Elizabeth I. Olorundare, Candace C. Mccloud, Matthew D. Mccurdy, Robin E. Mcgee, Contessa M. Davis, Nancy J. Thompson, Rakale C. Quarells

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: In trials of Project UPLIFT, a distance-delivered, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention, there was improvement in the mental health of people with epilepsy/seizure disorder. In these trials, however, African Americans have been few. Thus, as this program is disseminated, it is desirable to ensure that it is culturally appropriate for minority populations.

Methods: To determine the appropriateness of Project UPLIFT for African Americans, we engaged in three main research activities: 1) the formation and involvement of an epilepsy community advisory board; 2) qualitative interviews with healthcare providers who serve this community; and 3) focus groups with African American adults living …

Effectiveness Of Multifaceted Intervention On Adherence, Knowledge Regarding Side Effects Of Drug, And Prevention Of Complications Among Epilepsy Patients In A Selected Hospital, Manita Upadhyay Ms, B Venkatesan Mr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Adherence to treatment, side effects of epileptic drug, and complications of epilepsy are the major health problems faced by epileptic persons throughout the world. Objective: The study was undertaken with the objective of assessing the effectiveness of multifaceted intervention on adherence to treatment and knowledge regarding side effects to epileptic drug and prevention of complications of epilepsy among the patients with epilepsy. Methods and Materials: Pre experimental one group pretest and posttest design were adopted. Morisky medication taking adherence scale and a structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data. A sample of 60 epileptic patients was selected …

Ictal Crying, Ali Akbar Asadi-Pooya, Dale Wyeth, Michael R. Sperling

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe a series of patients with ictal crying to estimate its occurrence and characterize the clinical features and the underlying etiology.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all the long-term video-EEG reports from Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center over a 12-year period (2004-2015) for the occurrence of the terms "cry" or "sob" or "weep" in the text body. All the extracted reports were reviewed, and patients with at least one episode of documented ictal crying at the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) were included in the study.

RESULTS: During the study period, 5133 patients were investigated …

Acth Prevents Deficits In Fear Extinction Associated With Early Life Seizures, Andrew T. Massey, David K. Lerner, Gregory L. Holmes, Rod C. Scott, Amanda Hernan

Dartmouth Scholarship

Objective: Early life seizures (ELS) are often associated with cognitive and psychiatric comorbidities that are detrimental to quality of life. In a rat model of ELS, we explored long-term cognitive outcomes in adult rats. Using ACTH, an endogeneous HPA-axis hormone given to children with severe epilepsy, we sought to prevent cognitive deficits. Through comparisons with dexamethasone, we sought to dissociate the corticosteroid effects of ACTH from other potential mechanisms of action.

Results: Although rats with a history of ELS were able to acquire a conditioned fear learning paradigm and controls, these rats had significant deficits in their ability to extinguish …

Urban-Rural Differences In The Associations Of Risk Factors With Epilepsy Based On The California Health Interview Survey: A Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis, Kesheng Wang, Chun Xiang Mao, Xuefeng Liu, Alok Dwivedi, Javier Ordonez, Lewis R. Rubin, Chun Xu

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Previous studies provided inconsistent associations of smoking, stroke, and serious psychological distress (SPD) with epilepsy while urban-rural differences in the associations of risk factors with epilepsy are not well documented.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the associations of lifestyle, health conditions, and SPD with epilepsy and to examine whether the associations differ between urban and rural areas.

Patients and Methods: A total of 604 adults with epilepsy and 42416 controls were selected from the 2005 California Health Interview Survey. Weighted univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the associations of potential factors (behavioral factors, SPD, …

Eeg-Based Classification And Advanced Warning Of Epileptic Seizures, Lauren E. Clisby

Theses and Dissertations

Epilepsy is the second most common neurological disease after stroke. Epileptics may suffer hundreds of seizures per day, yet one is enough to put a person in constant fear of the next. The sudden and unexpected onset of seizures has debilitating and sometimes fatal consequences. The development of a real-time seizure prediction and alerting device would greatly improve epileptics’ quality of life. Major challenges for such a device include determining predictive features and discovering the maximum prediction window. Using the novel approach of random forest classification on EEG data, this research investigates the predictive features among the common EEG frequency …

'Refractory Epilepsy': What Lies Beneath?, Syedah Saira Bokhari, Satwat Hashmi

Section of Internal Medicine

A 30-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with recurrent seizures for 5 days. She had been diagnosed with epilepsy 2 years previously but stopped treatment due to the side effects of her medications. She was now experiencing episodes every 15-30 min. While undergoing a brain MRI to investigate for structural central nervous system pathology, she experienced another episode, preceded by prodromal symptoms. Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia was noted during the event. Further investigation revealed a normal QT interval, normal electrolyte panel, normal coronaries and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Cardiac MRI revealed non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy. The patient was managed with heart …

Parasitic Diseases Of The Central Nervous System: Lessons For Clinicians And Policy Makers, Arturo Carpio, Matthew L. Romo, R.M.E. Parkhouse, Brooke Short, Tarun Dua

Publications and Research

Parasitic diseases of the central nervous system are associated with high mortality and morbidity, especially in resource-limited settings. The burden of these diseases is amplified as survivors are often left with neurologic sequelae affecting mobility, sensory organs, and cognitive functions, as well as seizures/epilepsy. These diseases inflict suffering by causing lifelong disabilities, reducing economic productivity, and causing social stigma. The complexity of parasitic life cycles and geographic specificities, as well as overlapping clinical manifestations in the host reflecting the diverse pathogenesis of parasites, can present diagnostic challenges. We herein provide an overview of these parasitic diseases and summarize clinical aspects, …

Identification Of Metabolite Biomarkers In Epilepsy Using 1h Mrs, Helen Wu

Wayne State University Dissertations

Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder that affects 1% percent of the global population. Despite its status as one of the oldest neurological disorders known to man, its mechanisms remain poorly understood. Available medications are not curative but provide symptomatic management and do not work for well for more than 30 percent of patients. Because it is nearly impossible to predict on an individual level who will eventually develop epilepsy, it is also a disorder that can only be diagnosed after the patient has experienced established seizure activity, eliminating any possibility of stopping the disorder in its prodromal phase, before …

Does Temporal Lobe Resection Cure Seizures In Epileptics?, Alyssa Hall

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to determine whether or not temporal lobe resection cures seizures in epileptics.

Study Design: Systematic review of three English language, peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials, published between 2001 and 2012

Data Sources: Two randomized controlled trials comparing temporal lobe resection surgery to antiepileptic drugs in the treatment of epileptic seizures, and one randomized controlled trial comparing 3.5 cm temporal lobe resection to 2.5 cm temporal lobe resection in the treatment of epileptic seizures. Studies were obtained by the author through the PubMed database.

Outcomes Measured: Primary outcome measured by the three studies was …

Factors Influencing Antiepileptic Drug Non-Compliance In Epileptic Patients Of Pakistan, Safia Bano, Ahsan Numanb

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Failure to comply with drug regimes is prevalent amongst patients with epilepsy and the consequence of this is often an increased risk of further seizures and other associated harms including increased health care costs. Contributing factors leading to non-compliance of anti-epileptic drugs has not been examined in Pakistan. We investigated the factors influencing non-compliance to prescribed antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). A cross-sectional study was employed for a total of 53 epileptic patients with non-compliance of anti-epileptic drugs. The data-collection tools were a questionnaire and structured interview for this study. Results showed that males were more liable to non-compliance of AEDs as …

Neurocutanoussarcoidosis: A Rare Entity, Muslim Ali Lakhiar, Manzoor Lakhiar, Abdul Hafeez Bughio

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Neurosarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder considered to be a great imitator. We report a case of young lady who presented with gradual onset flexed posturing of fingers of left hand for four years, followed by similar pattern of weakness involving the right hand for three years along with slipping of slippers for one year. Neurologic examination showed distal wasting & weakness in upper limbs with normal jerks and sensory impairment in gloves and stocking distribution. On skin examination there were hypopigmented macules over face, neck and back. Electro diagnostic studies showed sensory motor axonal polyneuropathy, while skin biopsy reported as …

The Influence Of Solid Microneedles On The Transdermal Delivery Of Selected Antiepileptic Drugs, Julia Nguyen, Kevin B. Ita, Matthew J. Morra, Inna E. Popova

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

The aim of this project was to examine the effect of microneedle rollers on the percutaneous penetration of tiagabine hydrochloride and carbamazepine across porcine skin in vitro. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis was carried out using an Agilent 1200 Series HPLC system coupled to an Agilent G1969A TOF-MS system. Transdermal flux values of the drugs were determined from the steady-state portion of the cumulative amount versus time curves. Following twelve hours of microneedle roller application, there was a 6.74-fold increase in the percutaneous penetration of tiagabine hydrochloride (86.42 ± 25.66 µg/cm²/h) compared to passive delivery (12.83 ± 6.30 µg/cm …

Vague Neuroglycopenic Complaints Camouflage Diagnosis Of Adolescent Insulinoma: A Case Report., Kelsee Halpin, Ryan Mcdonough, Patria Alba, Jared Halpin, Vivekanand Singh, Yun Yan

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Insulinoma is a rare diagnosis in the general population with estimates of 1 in 250,000 people per year. Reports of these pancreatic islet cell tumors are even more unusual in children and adolescents. Chronic hypoglycemia due to an insulinoma often presents with neuroglycopenic symptoms that can easily be overlooked, especially in adolescents where nonspecific complaints are common. This may result in delayed diagnosis with prolonged periods of untreated hypoglycemia and associated complications. The rarity of pediatric insulinoma, vagueness of presenting symptoms, and challenge of tumor localization make insulinoma a true diagnostic quandary for clinicians.

CASE PRESENTATION: In this report, …

Ketogenic Diet Decreases Emergency Room Visits And Hospitalizations Related To Epilepsy., Husam R. Kayyali, Anastasia Luniova, Ahmed Abdelmoity

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background. Approximately, one-third of patients with epilepsy are refractory to pharmacological treatment which mandates extensive medical care and imposes significant economic burden on patients and their societies. This study intends to assess the impact of the treatment with ketogenic diet (KD) on reducing seizure-related emergency room visits and hospitalizations in children with refractory epilepsy. Methods. This is a retrospective review of children treated with the KD in one tertiary center. We compared a 12 months' period prior to KD with 12 months after the diet was started in regard to the number of emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, …

Eeg Interictal Spike Detection Using Artificial Neural Networks, Howard J. Carey Iii

Theses and Dissertations

Epilepsy is a neurological disease causing seizures in its victims and affects approximately 50 million people worldwide. Successful treatment is dependent upon correct identification of the origin of the seizures within the brain. To achieve this, electroencephalograms (EEGs) are used to measure a patient’s brainwaves. This EEG data must be manually analyzed to identify interictal spikes that emanate from the afflicted region of the brain. This process can take a neurologist more than a week and a half per patient. This thesis presents a method to extract and process the interictal spikes in a patient, and use them to reduce …

Problems, Awareness And Practices Of Caregivers Of Epileptic Patients Regarding Home Management Of Epilepsy, Deepika Chauhan Ms, Manisha Kumari Ms, Priya Portion Ms, Vanita Kumari Ms

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Background: Epilepsy is the fourth most common neurological disorder which affects people of all ages. Inappropriate management during seizure episodes among the epileptic patients can lead to complications. That is why, it is important for caregivers of epileptic patients to know about the disease and its management. Objective: To assess the problems, awareness and practices of caregivers of epileptic patients regarding home management of epilepsy. Material and Methods: A descriptive approach was employed. A total of 60 subjects (caregivers) visiting neurology OPD of tertiary care hospital in the month of April 2014 were enrolled. Information profile, details and information regarding …

Potential Treatments For Malformation Associated Epilepsy, Olivia M. Bowles

Theses and Dissertations

Epilepsy has been previously attributed to either increased excitation or decreased inhibition. With this closed frame of mind, modern medicine has been unable to develop a permanent treatment against the mechanisms of epilepsy. In order to treat patients with intractable seizures, especially those caused by developmental malformations, it is essential to understand the entirety of mechanisms that could possibly play a role in the abnormal cortical function. One such developmental malformation is known as polymicrogyria. Epileptogenesis occurs in an area laterally adjacent to this malformation known as the paramicrogyral region (PMR). Past studies have narrowed down the potential cause of …