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Articles 1 - 30 of 300
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Nutrition Counseling Practices Among Psychologists, Wibecke Stromsnes
Nutrition Counseling Practices Among Psychologists, Wibecke Stromsnes
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
There is a lack of treatment guidelines for how to address the impact of nutrition on clients’ mental health. Prior research is limited regarding psychologists’ practices of nutrition counseling and has mostly focused on practices of dieticians and medical doctors. The purpose of this study was to examine psychologists’ beliefs and attitudes about nutrition counseling, amount of training and use of nutrition counseling, self-rated knowledge in the use of nutrition counseling and perceived benefits and barriers to using nutrition counseling. Data was collected using an online survey of 76 licensed psychologists’ training in nutrition and use of nutrition counseling. Findings …
Analyzing Sex Differences In Human Performance Through 3d Isotonic Resistance, Jacob M. Cunha
Analyzing Sex Differences In Human Performance Through 3d Isotonic Resistance, Jacob M. Cunha
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Appraisal of scientific literature and understanding continues to grow in the domain of human performance. The effects of sex on concentric resistance training and power output are not well understood. Recent advancements in technology permit more precise measurements of force output and the kinematic changes elicited by training stress. A unique device in capturing kinematic performance output is Proteus Motion. The machine produces an external magnetic load through a protruding apparatus connected to a gyrosphere, which in turn captures concentric movement through all three planes of movement (sagittal, coronal, transversal). The aim of this study is to investigate power output …
Exercise Behavior And Recreational Sports Participation Predicts Academic Success In University Students, Natalie Matian
Exercise Behavior And Recreational Sports Participation Predicts Academic Success In University Students, Natalie Matian
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Most universities offer fitness and recreational opportunities. Few prospective studies have measured the effect of those services on academic outcomes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise behavior and recreational sport participation on student success. We tracked 1,507 students at a private D1 university for 4 years. Upon completion of the 2017-2018 academic year, we exported a registry of every undergraduate student who accessed the university fitness center. We documented how often students swiped into the recreation facility and participated in group exercise classes, personal training sessions, and rock tower usage; these served as independent …
The Discovery And Characterization Of Novel Potent 5-Substituted 3, 3’, 4’, 7-Tetramethoxyflavonoid Dna Triplex Specific Binding Ligands, Vanessa Marie Rangel
The Discovery And Characterization Of Novel Potent 5-Substituted 3, 3’, 4’, 7-Tetramethoxyflavonoid Dna Triplex Specific Binding Ligands, Vanessa Marie Rangel
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Chemotherapy works by killing fast dividing cells. Unfortunately, these drugs are not specific to cancer tissue and can damage normal cells. Chemotherapy is like taking poison and hoping it kills the cancer cells before it kills you. As an alternative, many researchers have investigated the use of antigene therapy to selectively target cancer causing genes to avoid off target effects. Although promising, the theory is limited by the stability of the triplex structure. Here, we report the discovery of potent triplex binding ligands derived from the natural product quercetin. Chemical derivatives of 5-substituted 3, 3’, 4’, 7-tetramethoxyquercetin derivatives were characterized …
Fall Risk Among Older Adults: Major Risk Factors, Primary Assessment Tools, And The Influence Of Medications, Marie Roseann Jensen
Fall Risk Among Older Adults: Major Risk Factors, Primary Assessment Tools, And The Influence Of Medications, Marie Roseann Jensen
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Fall risk among older adult is a worldwide public health problem. As the older adult population is continuing to increase, addressing this issue is critical. Several fall risk assessment tools have been designed to help predict various risk factors. Among these assessment tools is the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model (HIIFRM). This tool uses evidence-based risk factors including mental status, sex, functional status, and whether the patient is taking antileptics and/or benzodiazepines. The purpose of this paper is to validate the HFRM, explore additional variables that increase the likelihood of falling including both past falls and the number of prescription …
Role Of Cysteine Redox State In Altering The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition In Lung Cancer, Md Anisur Rahman
Role Of Cysteine Redox State In Altering The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition In Lung Cancer, Md Anisur Rahman
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a process by which cancer cells increase their capability for metastasis. EMT involves conversion of epithelial cells into a mesenchymal phenotype which makes cancer cells more invasive and motile. Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among different types of cancers globally. Lung cancer exists in various types, the most prevalent of which is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Several factors, including oxidative stress, can induce EMT in cancer cells. However, the mechanism of how reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced changes in cysteine redox state affect EMT remains elusive. Our studies aim to understand this mechanism by inducing …
Targeting Ribonucleotide Reductase For Breast Cancer Treatment, Nahid Sultana
Targeting Ribonucleotide Reductase For Breast Cancer Treatment, Nahid Sultana
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer in the world. Hormone receptor (HR) positive breast cancer (BC) is a prevalent disease accounting for approximately 2 million new cases globally. Almost 70-80% of breast cancer patients are women with a positive score for the estrogen receptor (ER). Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) which have a negative score for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) is considered an aggressive histological breast cancer subtype with limited treatment options.Frequently, doxorubicin (DOXO)-based chemotherapy is utilized in this patient population due to the lack of …
Evaluation Of Human Stem Cell-Derived Neurons In 2d And 3d Cultures For Neurodevelopmental Studies, Epilepsy Disease Modeling And Drug Discovery, Hamed Salmanzadeh-Dozdabi
Evaluation Of Human Stem Cell-Derived Neurons In 2d And 3d Cultures For Neurodevelopmental Studies, Epilepsy Disease Modeling And Drug Discovery, Hamed Salmanzadeh-Dozdabi
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Human stem cells have revolutionized the study of early neural development, offering a powerful tool to investigate the complex processes involved in the formation of the nervous system. In this study, the human pluripotent stem cell line, TERA2.cl.SP12, was utilized to derive neuroglial cells and to determine their differentiation and functional maturation up to one year in culture; this model was then investigated as a new tool for the study of neurodevelopmental toxicity, for seizure modeling and as a screening method for the investigation of new anticonvulsants. Immunocytochemistry experiments determined that non-differentiated cells expressed the stem cell marker Oct-3/4 and, …
Investigating Bzip Recognition Of Dna Sequences Through A Knob-Socket Perspective, Aaron Tran
Investigating Bzip Recognition Of Dna Sequences Through A Knob-Socket Perspective, Aaron Tran
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
To investigate whether higher order packing interactions confer protein-DNA specificity, a modified Knob-Socket (KS) model was used to analyze the interface of bZIP-DNA crystal structures. The KS analysis identified a nine-residue quadripartite recognition core consisting of four contiguous KS pockets P1, P2, N3, and N4 that each pack one of the four DNA half-site bases in the target sequence. Only one base per base pair packs, and these interactions are split across the DNA strands: the first two positive strand positions 1p and 2p pack into P1 and P2 while the last two negative strand positions 3n and 4n pack …
Enhancing The Half-Life Of Interleukin 2 By Conjugation To The Transthyretin Ligand, Tlhe And Enhancing The Efficacy Of Peptides That Inhibit Covid 19 Viral Entry, Arjun D. Patel
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
The central dogma of biology states that genetic information describes the flow ofinformation from DNA to RNA and then finally resting in proteins. The fundamental aspect that underlies all aspects of life is the expression and modification of proteins. One can even argue that there is no life without proteins. As such, many human diseases are either directly or indirectly related to dysfunction of proteins and can potentially be solved through protein therapeutics. Consequently, scientists have begun to harness the diversity of proteins to treat the diseases which plague man in the form of protein therapeutics such as clotting factors, …
The Degradation Mechanisms Of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor In Human Lung Epithelial Carcinoma A549 Cells, Rui Xiong
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a cytosolic ligand-activated transcription factor, has been acknowledged as a critical regulator of xenobiotic-induced toxicity and carcinogenesis. In the absence of ligand, the AHR is cytoplasmic in a complex with Hsp90, p23, XAP2, and Src. The AHR complex translocates to the nucleus upon ligand binding. After releasing its chaperones, it forms a heterodimer with ARNT, which subsequently binds to a dioxin-responsive element (DRE) for target genes transcription. Multiple aspects of cells are altered by the substantial expression of AHR target genes. Even without the AHR ligand, the cytoplasmic AHR plays a critical role in tumor …
Aac Camp As A Pre- And Post- Service Training Model, Joanne Kim
Aac Camp As A Pre- And Post- Service Training Model, Joanne Kim
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of participation in an AAC-based day camp as a pre-service training opportunity for students of speech-language pathology and a post-training opportunity for practicing speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Following the conclusion for the most recent iteration of the AAC Academy hosted by the Diagnostic Center of Central California, students and SLPs who volunteered within the past ten years were recruited via email to participate in semi-structured interviews. Upon thematic analysis of the interview transcripts, the following themes were conceptualized: (1) Many volunteers had some interest, if not experience, with AAC prior to …
Comparison Of First-Time Neurocognitive Baseline Cognigram Assessments Between American And Brazilian Professional Bull Riding Athletes, Peter Wang
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to compare the first-time neurocognitive concussion baseline outcomes, using the Cognigram assessment software, between American and Brazilian professional bull riders. The analysis was performed using the database provided by the Professional Bull Riding Association Sports Medicine staff. The Cognigram assessment measures and analyses four outcomes: Psychomotor Function, Attention, Learning, and Working Memory Speed. The study examined the test outcomes of 210 professional bull riders (150 American, 60 Brazilian). A one-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to determine if there a significant difference in the four assessment outcomes when comparing the country of …
Depression And Anxiety Amongst College D1 Athletes, Jessica Radford
Depression And Anxiety Amongst College D1 Athletes, Jessica Radford
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
College student-athletes are having an increasingly amount of mental health concerns recently at an alarming rate. Therefore, researchers should attempt to better understand how student-athletes can cope with their mental health problems to improve their mental and physical well-being. The researcher administered a questionnaire to 300 college students, 150 student-athletes and 150 non-athletes from the University of the Pacific using various modified scales examining emotional intelligence, depression, anxiety, coping strategies, intentions to seek help, self-stigma, public stigma, social network stigma, alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, and communication competence. The data were analyzed to determine the severity of student-athletes’ mental health and …
The Relationship Between The Educational Experiences Of Senior Dental Students And Their Attitudes Towards Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, Alya Sarkhouah
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
This research explores final year dental students’ knowledge and attitudes towards the treatment and management of patients with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (I/DD) as related to variations in the dental practices in Special Health Care Needs (SHCN) training they received. A quantitative, non-experimental study was conducted, employing survey data collection methods, to address descriptive, comparative, and correlational questions. One cohort, Class 2020, attended extramural rotations in specialized clinics for patients with I/DD and in-person lecture concerning this topic. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its health-related restrictions, another cohort, Class 2021, did not have the same opportunity as rotations …
Optimizing The Human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (Hahr) Expression In Pichia Pastoris, Junyu Qian
Optimizing The Human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (Hahr) Expression In Pichia Pastoris, Junyu Qian
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a transcription factor which heterodimerizes with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (Arnt) to regulate downstream gene transcription. For the purpose of studying the crystal structure of human aryl hydrocarbon receptor (hAHR), it is essential to obtain abundant amount of pure recombinant protein.Basing on the benefits of using P. pastoris system to produce recombinant protein, including appropriate folding, secretion of interest proteins to the external environment of the cell, and easier purification process of protein due to the its limited production of endogenous secretory proteins [1], our lab chose P. pastoris yeast as the …
The Interrelationship Between Treatment, Ethnicity, And Structured Exercise In Clinical Populations, Amanda M. F. Lopez
The Interrelationship Between Treatment, Ethnicity, And Structured Exercise In Clinical Populations, Amanda M. F. Lopez
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Cancer is the second leading cause of death, with about approximately 1.9 million Americans being diagnosed each year. Yet, it has high survival rates with the help of advancing treatments like radiation therapy. Cancer patients and survivors are contingent on experiencing a decline in physical functioning, quality of life, and physiological parameters. Treatment is effective and can prolong life expectancy but can be deleterious to a patient’s health. Parallel with cancer's impact on Americans is cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease is responsible for 1 in 4 deaths. The development of cardiovascular disease is not spread accordantly among all ethnicities. Hispanics are …
Spouses Of First Responders: A Narrative Inquiry Of Survival, Recovery And Healing, Jennifer D. Geiger
Spouses Of First Responders: A Narrative Inquiry Of Survival, Recovery And Healing, Jennifer D. Geiger
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
The nature of the work of emergency responders (i.e., firefighters, law enforcement, paramedics, and dispatch) includes high stress and direct experiences of traumatic situations. The experience of posttraumatic stress is common. The spouse or significant other is often the first person to see a change in their responder and the person most likely to be sought out for support from the responder, yet there is little support for the spouses or significant others of emergency workers. The purpose of this qualitative study using in-depth interviews and narrative inquiry was to learn about participants’ experiences at the 6-day residential treatment (retreat) …
Investigation Of Cdk8 Inhibitor Q-12 Effects On Cdk8 And Cdk8 Substrates In Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line Mda-Mb-468, Shengxi Li
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins (Cyclins) are the core molecules in the regulation mechanism of the entire cell cycle. Cell cycle dysregulation is a common feature of human cancers, and inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play a crucial role in cell cycle control and are one of the most promising areas of cancer therapy. We aspired to use our cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) inhibitor, Q-12, as a probe for biomarker discovery for CDK8 inhibitor sensitive tumor types. Q-12 shows potent inhibition of cell viability and induction of apoptosis process in some triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and colorectal cancer cell lines …
Optimization Of The Structure Of Ttr Ligands For Half-Life Extension (Tlhe), Guanming Jiang
Optimization Of The Structure Of Ttr Ligands For Half-Life Extension (Tlhe), Guanming Jiang
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Many potential therapeutic agents face challenges for their clinical development due to short circulation half-life. As a result, prolonging the half-life of therapeutic drugs in circulation while preserving their hydrophilicity and small size will be a key step toward more effective and safe pharmacological molecules. Our lab developed a new approach for enhancing the safety and efficacy of therapeutic agents. By endowing therapeutic agents with a hydrophilic small molecule (a derivative of the clinical candidate, AG10) which reversibly binds to the serum protein transthyretin (TTR), the half-life of the therapeutic agent should be extended by binding to the TTR in …
The Vagabond Flourine Atom Revisited: Dissociative Photoionization Of Tri- And Pentafluoropropene, Jessica K. De La Cruz
The Vagabond Flourine Atom Revisited: Dissociative Photoionization Of Tri- And Pentafluoropropene, Jessica K. De La Cruz
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence (PEPICO) Spectroscopy studies on two unsaturated hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), also known as hydrofluoroolefines (HFOs), are presented here. Previously, the Sztáray group has studied the dissociation of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (ElixClean), which is a fourth-generation refrigerant and propellant and has lower global warming potential than its precursors. My study is an extension of the ElixClean study as it aims to explore how the different number of fluorine atoms impact the dissociation reactions of these molecules. Both 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (TFP) and cis-1,2,3,3,3- pentafluoropropene (PFP) are also utilized as propellants and refrigerants.Measurements were carried out with remote access to the CRF-PEPICO (combustion reactions followed …
The Combinatory Effects Of Pediatric Obesity And Ontogeny On Monocarboxylate Transporter Expression In Tissues Of Drug Disposition, Michael Ng
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Proton-coupled and sodium-dependent monocarboxylate transporters are encoded by the SLC16A and SLC5A gene family of solute carriers, and are responsible for the transport of essential nutrients such as L-lactate, pyruvate, and ketone bodies. Basigin, or CD147, acts as an ancillary protein for MCT1 and MCT4, and is involved in membrane surface expression of transporters. MCT's are also involved in the shuttling of monocarboxylic xenobiotics across cell membranes, including the drugs valproate and gamma hydroxybutyrate. MCT’s are also important for normal mammalian development, particularly during embryogenesis and early neonatal life. Previous studies have shown that ketogenic diets increase MCT expression in …
Expression Of Mouse Full-Length Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor And Human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligand Binding Domain In Pichia Pastoris, Yiyuan Wang
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates biological responses to planar aromatic hydrocarbon. AHR activates gene transcription by binding to its corresponding enhancer with its partner-aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT). In addition, this receptor has been shown to regulate xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes such as cytochrome P450. AHR exists widely in body tissues and affects bioactivation of carcinogenic compounds, T cell differentiation, fatty acid synthesis, cell proliferation, hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, respiratory reactivity, and insulin sensitivity. Although the precise mechanism illustrating the endogenous AHR function remains unclear, there has been intense interest in exploring AHR as a …
Gc/Ms And Lc/Ms Approaches To Chemical Communication In Plants And Marine Cyanobacteria, Carolyn Keim
Gc/Ms And Lc/Ms Approaches To Chemical Communication In Plants And Marine Cyanobacteria, Carolyn Keim
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Natural products are small organic compounds synthesized by living organisms including plants, animals, and microbes. These fall into one of two categories, primary metabolites are required for survival, but secondary metabolites usually play a more accessory role. Extracts from organisms have proven to be useful to humans throughout history. Prior to evidence-based western medicine practices, natural products were the only source of medicine and remain as a treatment source for underdeveloped nations. Today, natural products have either been approved by or have served as the template for many FDA approved drugs. Based on a survey of all FDA approved drugs …
Peripherally Restricted Opioid Conjugates And Its Use As Pharmacological Probes And Potential Therapeutics, Md Tariqul Haque Tuhin
Peripherally Restricted Opioid Conjugates And Its Use As Pharmacological Probes And Potential Therapeutics, Md Tariqul Haque Tuhin
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is one of the major adverse effects of opioid analgesics used by millions of patients each year. While progress has been made, there remains a significant unmet medical need in the treatment of OIC. Major gaps remain in our understanding of the role of the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system (CNS) in precipitating OIC. For the last four decades, numerous investigations to study the sites of action of opioid analgesics have utilized peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORAs), which have been incorrectly believed to have limited penetration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Several preclinical and clinical …
Effects Of Tommy John Surgery, Draft Order, And Monetary Factors On The Value Of Pitchers In Major League Baseball, Jonathan P. Wong
Effects Of Tommy John Surgery, Draft Order, And Monetary Factors On The Value Of Pitchers In Major League Baseball, Jonathan P. Wong
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this thesis is to determine what effects draft order, monetary earnings, and Tommy John Surgery (TJS) have on the perceived value of a pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB). For the context of this thesis, value will be defined as a player's ability to contribute to their team's wins in a positive manner. TJS has become synonymous with MLB and baseball as a sport, and many are either skeptical of its effects or over-assuming of its benefits. The three aforementioned areas of concerns were used to structure the thesis, as each dependent outcome is analyzed in a …
Thermodynamic Mechanisms Of Helix Stabilization In A Model Peptide And Protein, Ryan Murray
Thermodynamic Mechanisms Of Helix Stabilization In A Model Peptide And Protein, Ryan Murray
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Biologics are large, complex therapeutic agents generally produced from living organisms. One group of biologics is peptide/protein based. Biological agents offer unique advantages over traditional therapeutics including longer half-lives, higher specificity, greater efficacy, and reduced off-target effects. However, protein/peptide based drugs suffer from both delivery and stability issues. The higher order of protein structures (secondary, tertiary, etc.) derive ~80% of their conformational stability from paltry hydrophobic effects, with net stabilization of 5-15 kcal/mole observed for many proteins. Loss of conformational stability can lead to increased aggregation, precipitation, and degradation; and reduced activity and side effects. To increase stability and improve …
Incorporating Glutamic Acid-Valine-Citrulline Linker In Trifunctional Molecules Targeting Psma Ensures Enhanced Stability, Safety, And Efficacy In Mouse Model Of Prostate Cancer, Toufiq Ul Amin
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
This project describes the development of a new antitumor therapeutic platform that combines the benefits of small-molecule drug conjugates (SMDCs) and antibody drug conjugates (ADCs). Valine-citrulline (VCit) dipeptide linkers are popular cathepsin B cleavable ADC linkers. Due to its instability in mouse serum, translating efficacy data from mouse to human is more difficult. It has been reported that replacing the VCit linker with glutamic acid-valine-citrulline (EVCit) improves ADC stability in mouse serum. The effect of the EVCit linker on the stability of SMDCs has not been reported so far. In a xenograft mouse model of prostate cancer, we found that …
Determining Optimal Resistance Loads During Exercise In Male And Female College Students, Alexia Amo
Determining Optimal Resistance Loads During Exercise In Male And Female College Students, Alexia Amo
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Exercise is a crucial component in obtaining proper health and fitness objectives in young adulthood. Determination of an optimal resistance load for men and women may aid in physiological function and reduce the likelihood of injury. We tested 32 physically active men (n=14) and women (n=18) between ages 18-25 on Proteus Motion, USA. Proteus applies continuous three-dimensional magnetic resistance loads during exercise. Testing consisted of 2 repetitions of horizontal and vertical push and pull exercises comparing performance of the dominant and non-dominant arm. Each exercise was performed with a resistance of 7lb, 14lb, 21lb, and 28lb for a total of …
The Effects Of Adding Motivational Interviewing To A Behavioral Coaching Intervention To Increase Physical Activity, Ryley Acrea
The Effects Of Adding Motivational Interviewing To A Behavioral Coaching Intervention To Increase Physical Activity, Ryley Acrea
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Most people do not meet the physical activity guidelines set forth by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO). Sufficient physical activity plays an important role in preventing chronic illnesses, such as Type 2 diabetes, which are a burden on the health care system. Health coaching (a client-centered approach to improve health outcomes) holds promise as a preventive strategy to change health behavior and limit office visits, thereby reducing the burden of illnesses caused by physical inactivity. One component of health coaching that warrants more research is motivational interviewing. The current study used a multiple baseline …