Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Length Of Hospital Stay Following Temporary Pacing Post-Transcatheter Valve Replacement, Sean Mccarthy, Marvin Eng M.D.

Medical Student Research Symposium

Transcatheter valve replacement (TVR) provides a minimally invasive method of valve replacement. During TVR, conduction abnormalities can develop, but only some will require permanent pacing, and use of temporary pacing provides immediate support until a decision of temporary pacing is made. Henry Ford Health System has two methods of pacing lead placement: balloon tipped leads and screw-in leads. Currently, the impact of different types of temporary pacing leads on recovery time is still unknown. This project investigated the differences in the length of hospital and ICU stay between patients who received the balloon tipped and screw-in leads. Data was collected …

Evaluation Of Intestinal Transplantation For Short Bowel Syndrome Due To Gun Violence Versus Other Causes: A Single Center Experience, Leya Maliekal, Nemie Beltran, Shunji Nagai, Syed-Mohammed Jafri

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) due to trauma is a rarely examined problem with a unique solution in Intestine Transplantation. We discuss factors that may have contributed to variations in patient outcome after intestinal transplant surgery secondary to SBS due to gun violence.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for intestinal transplant patients at an urban medical center. Two patients underwent intestinal transplants secondary to SBS after small bowel resections for gunshot related injury (GSW). Trends were noted and compared to trends found among patients comprising the intestinal transplant recipient registry (n=26) at the same medical center.

Results: Two …

Catheter Direct Thrombolysis As A Modality Of Management For Pulmonary Embolism: Risk Stratifying With The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index, Dhruvil A. Patel, Vijaya Arun Kumar, Brian Reed

Medical Student Research Symposium

Catheter Directed Thrombolysis (CDT) or Systemic Thrombolysis (ST) are current standards of care for patients experiencing a Massive (MPE) or Submassive (SPE) Pulmonary Embolism which are categories that are defined by AHA guidelines for the Emergency Department. The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI), a five-tier system, is a composite metric that can risk stratify PE into low risk (tiers 1,2) for SPE and high risk (tiers 3,4,5) for MPE, predicting mortality and outcomes. This study aims to determine if CDT or ST/no intervention (ST/NI) has better outcomes for MPE and SPE patients, while using PESI as a risk stratification tool. …

Angiotensin 1-7 Rescues Cognitive Decline And Neuronal Loss Following Traumatic Brain Injury In Mice, Esther H. Bae, Michael Gaub Md, Dez Coleman, Alexander J. Sandweiss Md/Phd, Bellal Joseph Md, Tally Largent-Milnes Phd, Todd W. Vanderah Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose of study: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in the U.S., accounting for approximately 30% of all injury deaths and 3 million TBI-related emergency visits yearly. There is limited research in the area of mitigating the post-inflammatory effects of non-fatal traumatic brain injury. Angiotensin 1-7, an endogenous peptide that acts on the MAS receptor, has recently shown to be anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and vasodilatory unlike its relative, angiotensin II. We asked the question of whether Ang 1-7 modulates neuroinflammation and improves cognitive function in mice following traumatic brain injury.

Methods: A controlled cortical …

Factors Associated With 5-Year Glaucomatous Progression In Glaucoma Suspect Eyes: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study, Aravindh Nirmalan, Shibandri Das, Nariman Nassiri, Vaama Patel, Dhir Patwa, Alexandra Heriford, Chaesik Kim, Haoxing Chen, Faisal Ridha Al-Timimi, Justin R. Tanner, Anju Goyal, Mark S. Juzych, Bret A. Hughes

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To study the association of 5-year glaucomatous progression with several demographic, clinical, visual field and optical coherence tomography (OCT) variables in glaucoma suspect eyes. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 365 eyes of 288 patients were included (323 eyes with suspicious cup-to-disc ratio and 42 eyes with ocular hypertension). The study subjects were divided into two groups: eyes that progressed to glaucoma and those that did not. We calculated the percentage of glaucoma suspect eyes that progressed to glaucoma within 5 years. The inclusion criteria were glaucoma suspect eyes (i.e., suspicious cup-to-disc ratio and/or intraocular pressure >21 mm Hg), …

Learning Without Contingencies Induces Higher Order Asynchrony In Brain Networks In Schizophrenia, Elizabeth L. Martin, Asadur Chowdury, Vaibhav Diwadkar, Sazid Hasan, Munajj Ul-Huq, Shahira Baajour, Dalal Khatib, Usha Rajan, Jeffrey Stanley

Medical Student Research Symposium

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is characterized by both cognitive and reward impairments. A recent study suggests that SCZ is associated with a loss of synchrony between learning and reward circuits (Robison et al., 2019) and higher levels of dis-organization of functional brain networks may underpin failures in learning that characterize SCZ (Hütt et al., 2014). Therefore, here we examined inter-group (HC ≠ SCZ) 4^th order differences in statistical regularity across a connectome of cognition and reward brain circuits. The analyses were conducted on fMRI time series data from a previous learning paradigm (Stanley et al., 2017) with periods of Encoding and …

Regression Analyses Assessing The Impact Of Environmental Factors On Covid-19 Transmission And Mortality, El Hussain Shamsa, Kezhong Zhang

Medical Student Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Hospital-Acquired Venous Thromboembolism Or Bleeding Following Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis For The Association Of The Gene Polymorphism., Michael Debeau

Medical Student Research Symposium

This review seeks to understand the current existing literature on genetic polymorphisms to VTE following orthopedic surgery. Using PRISMA guidelines, 234 studies were retrieved from PubMed and Cochrane. The eligibility assessment yielded 16 studies including a systematic review. A STREGA and STROBE quality assessment found these studies to have high methodological quality. A significant association was found between the PAI-1 4G/4G genotype and resistance to anticoagulation therapy (OR = 2.692; 95% CI = 1.302 - 4.702). Moreover, the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms significantly increased the incidence of VTE in patients that are compound heterozygotes (OR = 2.89; 95% CI …

Weight-Based Vs. Bsa-Based Fluid Resuscitation Predictions In Pediatric Burn Patients, Jan Stevens, Nina Prieto, Elika Ridelman Ph.D, Justin D. Klein Md, Christina Shanti Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Fluid resuscitation for pediatric burns uses formulas that estimate fluid requirements based on weight, and/or body surface area (BSA) along with percent total burn surface area (TBSA). Adult studies have shown that these formulas can cause fluid overload in obese patients and increase risk of complications. These findings have not been validated in pediatric patients. This study provides a retrospective review conducted with 110 children (≤ 18 years old) admitted to an ABA-verified urban pediatric burn center from October 2008 to May 2020. Patients were resuscitated with the weight-based Parkland formula, and had fluids titrated to urine output every two …

Massive Pulmonary Embolism From Worsening Of Gouty Arthritis Due To The Covid-19 Pandemic, Thomas L. Mccune, Muhammad Osto, Radhika Gaddipati Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Abstract: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis in men and is associated with increased mortality and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease such as myocardial infarction and stroke. In addition, several other types of inflammatory arthritis have been linked to increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). VTE is associated high mortality of around 9.7% for PE and 4.6% for DVT. However, only a handful of studies have been conducted to estimate the risk of VTE in patients with gout before or after diagnosis. Most recent study in Canada concluded that patients with gout have around a 20% …

The Prevalence Of Co-Infections In Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19, Siri S. Sarvepalli, Said El Zein Md, Pranatharthi Chandrasekar Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emerged in early 2020 and significantly altered the landscape of healthcare delivery. With the absence of a cure, treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 has been particularly challenging. Physicians often treat hospitalized patients empirically with broad-spectrum antibiotics on admission due to concerns of missing an underlying, treatable co-infection. In this study, we aim to determine the rate of co-infections in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study which included all patients who had a nasopharyngeal swab sample positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection detected by the Cepheid Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCT) …

Connections Between Rape Myth Acceptance And Favorite Musical Artist Among College Students, Sahar Elmenini, Pam Mcauslan, Marie Waung

Medical Student Research Symposium

The focus of this study is to examine the relationship between the characteristics of a person’s favorite musical artist and their level of rape myth acceptance (RMA). I asked 115 undergraduates from the subject pool to rate the most frequently mentioned musical artists from the study done by Miller, McAuslan, and Leonard (under review). The participants rated the artists on factors related to sexuality, aggressiveness, narcissism and whether they see these artists as a “role model.” This data is then incorporated with the data from approximately 337 emerging adults from Miller, McAuslan, and Lenoard’s (under review) study who have taken …

Corneal Disease And Air Pollution Levels In Detroit: Preliminary Results And Future Directions​, Sachin Ketkar, Matthew Silbergleit, Vaama Patel

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To determine if Detroit zip codes with elevated air pollution levels demonstrate increased incidence of corneal disease.

Background: 82 million people in the United States live in counties with air quality concentrations above the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Air pollution’s detrimental effects on an individual’s health has been well documented. Much of this research has focused on the pulmonary system. The eye, another mucous membrane exposed to the external environment, has been largely ignored

Methods: After an initial literature review of similar studies, 14 corneal diseases and 5 pollutants were selected to be evaluated. Kresge Eye Institute’s patient …

A Novel Martial Arts-Based Virtuality Reality Intervention Modulates Pain And The Pain Neuromatrix In Patients With Opioid Use Disorder, Mohammed M. Faraj Bs, Nina M. Lipanski As, Elimelech Goldberg Ba, Dd, Hilary A. Marusak Phd, Mark K. Greenwald Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Standard-of-care for opioid use disorder (OUD) includes medication and counseling. However, there is an unmet need for complementary approaches to treat OUD patients coping with pain; furthermore, few studies have probed neurobiological features of pain or its management during OUD treatment. This preliminary study examines neurobiological and behavioral effects of a martial arts-based intervention in patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).

Methods: Fifteen (11 female) MMT patients completed a virtual reality, therapist-guided martial arts intervention that included breathing and relaxation exercises; sessions were scheduled twice weekly. Assessments included functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of pain neuromatrix activation and connectivity …

Professional Coaching In Residency: A Novel Approach To Decrease Resident Burnout, Matthew Silbergleit, Shibandri Das, Mark S. Juzych, Pradeepa Yoganathan

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To implement and analyze an organizational level coaching program for ophthalmology residents at the Kresge Eye Institute (KEI) as the front-line method for prevention and management of physician burnout.

Background: Burnout is a well-documented stressor in medicine and has been shown to significantly increase unprofessional conduct and medical errors. A recent, promising model to tackle burnout in the medical field is coaching. The Harvard Business Review and American Medical Association have demonstrated the positive effects of coaching on professional performance and well-being.

Methods: We plan on utilizing the Kern Method to develop a resident wellness curriculum addressing resident burnout. …

Effect Of Treatment For Hcv On The Development Of Hcc In A Predominately African American Medical Center Population, Bassem Farah, Yechiel Mor, Sarvani Surapaneni, Brian Rutledge, Hojun Lee, Hajra Khan, Anshu Wadehra, Neel Patel, Paul Naylor, Murray Ehrinpreis, Milton Mutchnick

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction

Direct Acting Antivirals (DAA) are effective in Hepatitis C (HCV) patients with cirrhosis, but viral elimination may occur in a setting where the HCC development pathway has already begun. Our objective was to determine whether achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR) prior to diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) improved outcomes in our predominately African American population.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of 96 HCV patients diagnosed with HCC between 2015 and 2019 Primary outcomes were defined as either alive, death/hospice, or transplant. Tumor size was measured as non-small (> 5cm or multiple tumors) or small (< 5cm). The study was approved by the WSU IRB and data analysis performed using the SAS-JMP statistical software.

Results

Of …

Substance Use Disorder Program Facilities In Detroit: A Geographic Analysis, Oksana Doubrovski

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Over 630,000 Michiganders have a substance use disorder (SUD) and about 80% are not receiving care (1). The rate of unmet need for SUD care in the Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia area is 81% (1). Geographic placement of facilities may serve as a barrier in patient access to SUD program services. This geographic analysis investigates current Detroit SUD program facility locations and their community demographics.

Methods: ArcGIS Pro was used to visualize and analyze data by creating 2D maps and tables. Data on SUD programs, medically underserved areas, and zip codes were retrieved from government data portals. Census tract data …

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Of Ring Lesions In Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, Rebecca White, Chad Coffman, Karthik Subramanian, Sagar Buch, E. Mark Haacke

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Our project evaluates the presence of and changes in susceptibility and volume of ring lesions (RLs) over a two-year time period in a series of relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) subjects, and identifies and quantifies any other parameters that correlated with EDSS score.

Methods: All subjects went through 3T MR imaging at baseline and 41 subjects underwent a maximum of two follow-up scans. The imaging protocol included T2 fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), T1-weighted imaging acquired pre and post contrast, T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2 TSE) and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) sequences, all collected in a transverse mode. SWI, …

When Do Patients Achieve Promis Milestones Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction?, Kareem Elhage, Nikhil R. Yedull, Nabil Mehta, David N. Bernstein, Eric C. Makhni

Medical Student Research Symposium

National Institutes of Health (NIH) Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) computer adaptive test (CAT) assessments have become increasingly utilized within sports medicine due to their efficient administration and favorable correlation with traditional patient reported outcome measures (PROMs). One key advantage of CAT forms is the ability to draw from hundreds of item bank questions while utilizing very few questions in order to produce an accurate quantitative health measurement for the patient.



The Computer Adaptive Tests (CAT) algorithm assigns questions based on previous answers by the patient. The purpose of this study is to utilize this feature of the PROMIS …

Covid-19 Infection Outcome In African American Renal Transplant Recipients: Detroit Medical Center, Claudia Jarrin Tejada Md, Mareena Zachariah Md, Angela Cruz Md, Shakir Hussein Md, Elizabeth Wilpula Pharmd, Nicole Meeks, Jeffrey A. Wolff Msn, Agacnp-Bc, Pranatharthi Chandrasekar Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Transplant recipients are more vulnerable to infections including COVID-19, given their comorbidities and chronic immunosuppression. Most preliminary care series report rapid clinical progression and higher mortality compared to the general population.

Methods: Retrospective study at Harper University Hospital - Detroit Medical Center. Twenty-five renal transplant recipients (RTR) presenting consecutively with COVID-19 symptoms and positive NP swab PCR for SARS-CoV2 between 03/01/2020 - 05/01/2020 were included. Data on demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, management and outcomes were collected.

Results: Patients had a median age of 56, all African American and deceased donor transplant recipients. Most had hypertension …

Elevated Liver Enzymes Portends A Higher Rate Of Complications And Death In Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (Sars-Cov-2), Emily E. Currier, Mohamed Dabaja Do, Syed-Mohammed Jafri Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), or COVID-19, has infected millions worldwide since its discovery in December 2019, but little is still known about the disease process. Preliminary research in China notes liver function test (LFTs) abnormalities are common in COVID-19 patients, suggesting decreased hepatic function, and that abnormalities in LFTs are related to complicated disease course and negative outcomes. However, there has been limited large-scale data assessing COVID-19’s association with liver dysfunction and negative outcomes.

Aim: The significance of this research is to investigate how COVID-19 affects the liver function and disease course in patients infected with …

The Impact Two Opioid Prescription Protocols Had On Provider Prescription Patterns Following Ankle Fracture Repair Surgeries, Charles Jiang, Joshua Hester, Luke Wesemann

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction

This study aims to evaluate the impact that an urban multi-center trauma department’s previous narcotic prescription protocols have had on provider opioid prescription patterns and the effect a change in protocol will have. This study will also determine an optimal post-op opioid prescription duration for ankle fracture repair surgery.

Methods

Data were collected retrospectively. CPT codes were used to identify subjects who had undergone lateral malleolus repair surgery. Patient data were separated by the respective year of their repair surgery from January 2016 to October 2020. PROMIS survey results and pain VAS scores were collected in the hospital’s electronic …

Effects Of Cocaine And/Or Heroin Use On Resting Cardiovascular Function, Shabber Syed Bs, Lina A. Shkokani Bs, Leslie H. Lundahl Phd, Renato S. Roxas Md, Philip D. Levy Md, Mark K. Greenwald Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Regular cocaine and/or heroin use is associated with major health risks, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD), but confounded by other factors.

Objectives: We examined effects of chronic (years of regular use) and recent (past-month) use of cocaine and heroin, controlling for other factors, on resting cardiovascular function.

Methods: In a sample of cocaine and/or heroin users (N=292), we obtained data on demographics, body mass index (BMI), history of substance use, and electrocardiogram, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). Following bivariate correlations, three-block (1: demographics, BMI; 2: tobacco, alcohol, marijuana; 3: cocaine, heroin) regression analyses were …

Measuring Mitochondrial Respiration In Vivo: From Mouse To Human, Arthur Orchanian, Brennan Schilling, Bruce Berkowitz Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: The mitochondrial energy ecosystem can be non-invasively interrogated in photoreceptors by combing a clinical tool, optical coherence tomography (OCT), with a mitochondrial protonophore (2,4 dinitrophenol, DNP). It remains unclear if only supra-clinical doses of DNP will be useful for mouse studies or if lower but clinically relevant doses of DNP would facilitate translation from mice to humans.

Methods: The experiment was a paired longitudinal design that took place over 2 days. On day 1, C57BL/6J mice were overnight dark adapted, then light-adapted for 5 h before OCT examination before regaining consciousness; a similar procedure was followed on day 2 …

Violence As A Deterrent For Shelter Usage Among Persons Experiencing Homelessness In Detroit: A Mixed Methods Study, Trishya L. Srinivasan

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) are hospitalized at rates four times higher than the US average and face significantly worse health outcomes, particularly for those residing in cities with harsh winters. Fear of violence or theft is frequently cited as a deterrent to emergency-based shelter usage among PEH; however, there is little research assessing its effects on health and safety among PEH. This project qualitatively assesses violence as a deterrent to emergency shelter usage.

Methods: A semi-structured interview guide was designed to assess experiences with, and fear of, shelter-based violence among PEH and the effect of shelter-based violence on mental …

Using Machine Learning To Generate A Core Set Of Echocardiographic Indices For Pediatric Research: A Sub-Study In The Pcs2 Cohort, Thomas S. Przybycien, Brigitte Mueller, Steven Fan, Paul C. Nathan, Cedric Manlhiot, Luc Mertens

Medical Student Research Symposium

With a multitude of echocardiographic (echo) parameters at a clinician’s disposal and clinical efficiency paramount, determining the most reliable and relevant pediatric echo parameters remains challenging. Using machine learning (ML), clinical relevance, and inter/intra-rater reliability, we aimed to identify a core set of echo parameters from the PCS² cohort of childhood cancer survivors and healthy controls to guide pediatric research and clinical care. A standard set of 94 echocardiographic parameters were chosen and screened for missing variation, linear combinations, and high correlations. A hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward’s method was performed on the remaining variables to produce a clustering …

Utility Of Student-Run Free Clinics For Underserved Individuals During Covid-19 Michigan Shelter-In-Place Order, Sara Saymuah, Hailey Heil, Janki Vaghasia, Marla Rojas Thaureaux, Victoria Badia, Paige Baal

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Cass Clinic, a student-run free clinic (SRFC) affiliated with Wayne State University School of Medicine in Detroit, Michigan, provides free healthcare to predominantly underprivileged populations. Cass Clinic remained open during Governor Whitmer’s shelter-in-place order from March 24, 2020 through June 12, 2020 and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to assess SRFC’s utility in meeting patient needs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A mixed, open and closed-ended quality improvement survey was administered to patients who utilized Cass Clinic between the dates of May 2, 2020 and June 6, 2020. Qualitative analysis included descriptive statistics, while …

Heterogenous Manifestations Of Post Renal Transplant Lymphoma, Rujuta Patil

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction:

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a serious complication occurring in 1-3% of adult renal transplant recipients (RTR). We present a case series of 16 RTR who demonstrate a variety of PTLD manifestations.

Results:

63% of RTR received rATG induction and 38% Basiliximab. Maintenance immunosuppression post-transplantation was Prednisone, Tacrolimus, and Mycophenolate Mofetil.

Average time from transplantation to PTLD diagnosis was 96.8 months (

Immunosuppression was discontinued in all RTR at diagnosis except Prednisone. Treatment was chemotherapy alone or in combination with radiation, resection, or salvage therapy; complications included Tumor Lysis Syndrome and infections. 56% of RTR developed renal insufficiency.

5 …

A Younger Demographic Defines Hepatitis C Patient Profiles In The Recent Direct-Acting Antiviral Era, Ria Minawala, Paul H. Naylor Phd, Murray N. Ehrinpreis Md, Milton G. Mutchnik Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

A Younger Demographic Defines Hepatitis C Patient Profiles in the Recent Direct-Acting Antiviral Era

Authors: Minawala, Ria1; Naylor, Paul H.2; Ehrinpreis, Murray N.2; Mutchnick, Milton G.2

Institutions: 1. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States. 2. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Detroit, MI, United States.

Background:

Highly effective and safe direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) against hepatitis C virus (HCV) combined with U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation to screen for HCV in individuals born between 1945 and 1965 (age cohort; 54-79 years of age in 2019) was expected to reduce the number of actively …

The Financial Implication Of An Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury In National Basketball Association Athletes, Noel Osereimen Akioyamen, Muhammad Abbas, Lafi Khalil, Tahsin Rahman, Leena Abbas, Brendan Farley, Sabin Shah, Kelechi Okoroha

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: The financial and professional implications of ACL injuries have been well documented in National Football League athletes. However, despite the prevalence of ACL ruptures in the NBA, there continues to be a paucity of literature delineating the potential detriment imposed on athletes’ careers following injury

Purpose: To quantify the financial repercussions subsequent to ACL injuries on NBA players’ careers spanning the years 2000 to 2019.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed for all NBA players who experienced an ACL rupture and underwent reconstruction between 2000 and 2019. Players were matched 1:2 to health controls by age, position, BMI, and …