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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
The Effect Of Oral And Topical Antibiotics On Foreskin Inflammation And Hiv Target Cells In Ugandan Men., Zhongtian (Eric) Shao
The Effect Of Oral And Topical Antibiotics On Foreskin Inflammation And Hiv Target Cells In Ugandan Men., Zhongtian (Eric) Shao
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Penile circumcision reduces HIV susceptibility by up to 60% in men; however, many men prefer to remain uncircumcised for personal or cultural reasons. Penile circumcision protects against HIV by reducing anaerobic bacteria on the penis. Penile anaerobes cause local inflammation and the recruitment of HIV-susceptible CD4+CCR5+ cells, increasing the likelihood that exposure to HIV during intercourse results in infection. To determine if a non-surgical intervention can reduce penile anaerobes and HIV target cells, we randomized men to antimicrobial treatment prior to circumcision. To be able to quantify the effect of antimicrobials, we developed a novel deep-learning algorithm to quantify HIV …
Impaired Efferocytosis In Knee Osteoarthritis, Luigi M. Del Sordo
Impaired Efferocytosis In Knee Osteoarthritis, Luigi M. Del Sordo
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Non-resolving synovial inflammation is present in both human and animal models and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, it is not known how inflammation affects synovial macrophage function and if this contributes to the loss of tissue homeostasis. The purpose of this thesis was to understand the role of efferocytosis in knee OA. There is an increased apoptotic cell burden within the synovium of patients with late-stage knee OA. Synovial-derived macrophages from these patients exhibited impaired efferocytosis. Healthy blood-derived macrophages exposed to synovial fluid from patients with knee OA recapitulated the defective efferocytosis. Impaired …
Development Of An In Vitro Model Of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury In Kidney Transplantation, Ashley Jackson
Development Of An In Vitro Model Of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury In Kidney Transplantation, Ashley Jackson
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Kidney transplantation remains the optimal treatment option for patients with end-stage renal disease. We aim to improve organ preservation during transplantation by reducing damage from ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) using existing clinically approved drugs. In this study, we developed and characterized an in vitro model that mimics the conditions of IRI in kidney transplant as a tool to screen and study the therapeutic effect of drugs in the context of IRI. We recapitulated several key outcomes in IRI in our model, including the induction of hypoxia, cell death, increased expression of damage markers (NGAL, HMBG-1) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in a …