Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Healthy Hearts: An Interactive Demonstration To Increase Interest In Medicine In Elementary/ Middle School Students In/Around Detroit., Neha Chava, Jessica Elderkin, Austin Kim, Molly Dahle, Rohit Goru, Karamoja Monchamp, Neeraj Ochaney, Meghan Dwaihy Md, Mph

Medical Student Research Symposium

There continues to be a lack of representation and diversity in higher education today, especially in medicine and healthcare. As part of the Healthy Hearts student organization at Wayne State University School of Medicine, we developed a one-time educational session and interactive demonstration to teach students about heart and lung health and fuel students’ enthusiasm for healthcare. This project serves as a quality improvement study to understand how we can increase STEM interest in elementary and middle school students in and around Detroit, Michigan. A three question pre- and post-intervention survey was constructed to measure change in: 1) interest in …

Utility Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy To Reduce Pain In Children With Sickle Cell Disease, Abigail Radomsky

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report appraising:

Schatz J, Schlenz AM, McClellan CB, et al. Changes in coping, pain, and activity after cognitive-behavioral training. The Clinical Journal of Pain 2015;31(6):536-47 https://doi.org/10.1097/ajp.0000000000000183

for a child with sickle cell disease.

A Systematic Review Of Complications From Pediatric Intraosseous Cannulation, Jawad Bouhamdan, James Paxton, Katherine Akers, Gina Polsinelli

Medical Student Research Symposium

“A Systematic Review of Complications from Pediatric Intraosseous Cannulation”

Bouhamdan J, Polsinelli G, Akers KG, Paxton JH.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine (Detroit, MI)

Introduction

Intraosseous (IO) infusion is a commonly-used method for obtaining vascular access in emergency situations. It involves insertion of a needle into the marrow cavity of long bones, with subsequent infusion of medications and fluids to achieve resuscitation. This procedure is known to be associated with certain complications. Despite the widespread continued use of IO cannulation for pediatric subjects, a high-quality systematic review of the literature on pediatric IO complications remains …

Talking To Children About Their Terminal Disease And Ultimate Death, Alyssa Nesbitt

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A critical appraisal and clinical application of Kreicbergs U, Valdimarsdóttir U, Onelöv E, Henter J, Steineck G. Talking about death with children who have severe malignant disease. New Eng J Med. 2004;351(12):1175-1186. doi: 10.1056/nejmoa040366.

Design And Development Of An Emergency System For Children In A Hot Car At Risk Of Heatstroke, Nathan Kisha

Research Opportunities for Engineering Undergraduates (ROEU) Program 2017-18

Since 1998, an average of 37 children have died every year due to heat-related deaths after being stuck in a vehicle, making it the leading cause of non-crash-related fatalities among children. This creates an opportunity to create a system which will be able to detect this danger and do something in order to prevent it. There are 4 main objectives for the system to be able to accomplish: 1) determine if the temperature in the car poses a risk, 2) use an alarm to provide a warning and wake up a sleeping child, 3) determine if someone is in the …

A Novel Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay For Serogroup Identification Of Neisseria Meningitidis In Cerebrospinal Fluid, Dokyung Lee, Eun Jin Kim, Paul E. Kilgore, Hideyuki Takahashi, Jun Tomono, Shigehiko Miyamoto, Daisuke Omagari, Dong Wook Kim, Mitsuko Seki

Department of Pharmacy Practice

We have developed a novel Neisseria meningitidis serogroup-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for six of the most common meningococcal serogroups (A, B, C, W, X, and Y). The assay was evaluated using a set of 31 meningococcal LAMP assay positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from 1574 children with suspected meningitis identified in prospective surveillance between 1998 and 2002 in Vietnam, China, and Korea. Primer specificity was validated using 15 N. meningitidis strains (including serogroups A, B, C, E, W, X, Y, and Z) and 19 non-N. meningitidis species. The N. meningitidis serogroup LAMP detected down to ten copies …

Diabetes Interaction Study: Communicating Understanding And Social Support, Dana K. May

Wayne State University Dissertations

The current study evaluated a brief individualized feedback intervention developed to improve communication style of parents with an adolescent with type 1 diabetes. Seventy-nine parent-adolescent dyads (13-18 years) were randomized to receive a single session of brief feedback to target parental person-centered communication skills (n = 39) or to receive an educational comparison group (n = 40). Families were asked to discuss a diabetes related problem. A clinician concurrently rated the parent’s communication skills to identify communication strengths and weaknesses. Parents in the feedback group received feedback on their use of person-centered communication during the conversation using motivational interviewing techniques. …

Increased Prevalence Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization In Household Contacts Of Children With Community Acquired Disease, Yaseen Rafee, Nahed Abdel-Haq, Basim Asmar, Tanaz Salimnia, Celine Pharm, Michael J. Rybak Pharm, Muhammad Amjad

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

To measure Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization prevalence in household contacts of children with current community associated (CA)-MRSA infections (study group) in comparison with a group of household contacts of children without suspected Staphylococcus aureus infection (a control group).

Methods

This is a cross sectional study. Cultures of the anterior nares were taken. Relatedness of isolated strains was tested using pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Results

The prevalence of MRSA colonization in the study group was significantly higher than in the control group (18/77 (23%) vs 3/77 (3.9%); p ≤ 0.001). The prevalence of SA colonization was …

Evaluation Of Age-Related Changes In Translocator Protein (Tspo) In Human Brain Using 11C-[R]-Pk11195 Pet, Ajay Kumar, Otto Muzik, Varun Shandal, Diane Chugani, Pulak Chakraborty, Harry T. Chugani

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

We studied the distribution and expression of translocator protein in the human brain using ¹¹C-[R]-PK-11195 positron emission tomography (PK11195 PET) and evaluated age-related changes.

Methods

A dynamic PK11195 PET scan was performed in 15 normal healthy adults (mean age: 29 ±8.5 years (range: 20 to 49); 7 males) and 10 children (mean age: 8.8 ±5.2 years (range: 1.2 to 17); 5 males), who were studied for potential neuroinflammation but showed no focally increased PK11195 binding. The PET images were evaluated by calculating standard uptake values and regional binding potential, based on a simplified reference region model, as …

Psychosocial Aspects Of Physical Activity And Fitness In Special-Population, Minority Middle School Children, Jeffrey J. Martin, Nate Mccaughtry, Anne S. Murphy, Sara Flory, Kimberlydawn Wisdom

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Special-population research predicting physical activity (PA) and fitness with minority middle school children from at-risk environments is rare. Hence, the purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the ability of important social cognitive and environment-based measures to predict PA and fitness with children with developmental delay, cognitive, and emotional impairments. Children (N = 89, ages 11-15) completed questionnaires assessing social cognitive and environment-based constructs, self report PA, and completed fitness testing. Correlational results supported some hypotheses. The descriptive and correlational results also indicated commonalities with similar research on non special-population minority middle school children from at-risk environments.

Social Workers' Knowledge And Attitudes About Treating Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Angelah Dawn Gomez

Wayne State University Theses

The current research seeks to understand how social work students and social work professionals increase their knowledge about AD/HD and how they formulate their attitudes about the disorder. The literature provided illustrates the many components of AD/HD risks, etiology, treatments, and professional opinions about the disorder. AD/HD is one of the most studied childhood mental health disorders in the nation. However, there is little research providing insight to social workers' knowledge and attitudes about the disorder. This is especially alarming because social workers are one of the largest professional populations to provide mental health services to children and their families. …

Using Social Cognitive Theory To Predict Physical Activity In Inner-City African American School Children, Jeffrey J. Martin, Nate Mccaughtry

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Researchers using social cognitive theory and employing built environment constructs to predict physical activity (PA) in inner-city African American children is quite limited. Thus, the purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the ability of important social cognitive variables (e.g., self-efficacy) and built environment constructs (e.g., neighborhood hazards) to predict African American children’s PA. Children (N = 331, ages 10–14) completed questionnaires assessing social cognitive theory constructs and PA. Using multiple regression analyses we were able to account for 19% of the variance in PA. Based on standardized beta weights, the best predictors of PA were time spent outside …

The Theory Of Planned Behavior: Predicting Physical Activity In Mexican American Children, Jeffrey J. Martin, Kimberly L. Oliver, Nate Mccaughtry

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Theoretically grounded research on the determinants of Mexican American children's physical activity and related psychosocial variables is scarce. Thus, the purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the ability of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict Mexican American children's self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Children (N = 475, ages 9–12) completed questionnaires assessing the TPB constructs and MVPA. Multiple regression analyses provided moderate support for the ability of the TPB variables to predict MVPA as we accounted for between 8–9% of the variance in MVPA. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control accounted for 45% of the …