Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 2 of 2
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
The Role Of Mitochondria And Plasma Membrane Ca2+ Transport Systems In Ca2+-Dependent Glutamate Release From Rat Cortical Astrocytes, Reno Cervo Reyes
The Role Of Mitochondria And Plasma Membrane Ca2+ Transport Systems In Ca2+-Dependent Glutamate Release From Rat Cortical Astrocytes, Reno Cervo Reyes
All ETDs from UAB
Astrocytes, a type of glial cell in the central nervous system, are recognized for their support roles to neurons. They supply neurons with metabolites, maintain ion homeostasis and clear the synaptic space of neurotransmitters. However, it has been found that some astrocytes have receptors for neurotransmitter and neuroligands, exhibit Ca2+ excitability when stimulated via these receptors, and secrete gliotransmitters as an output of this Ca2+ excitability. In the Ca2+-dependent release of glutamate, it has been shown that the endoplasmic reticulum is the predominant source and the extracellular space is the auxiliary source of free Ca2+ necessary for triggering exocytosis. Because …
Mitochondrial Bioenergetics And Cellular Stress, Brian Dranka
Mitochondrial Bioenergetics And Cellular Stress, Brian Dranka
All ETDs from UAB
Mitochondria are responsible for most of the energy produced in human tissues, and this is dependent on the reduction of oxygen (O2) to water by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Defects in mitochondrial energy production are now recognized to be involved in diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other pathologies. To date, studies of these defects have employed quantification of O2 consumption in isolated, purified mitochondria. By using this strategy however, the cellular context, role of glycolysis, and normal regulation of mitochondrial function by metabolite availability are lost. Thus, an understanding of how mitochondria function and respond to stimuli in an intact …