Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prevalence, Predictors And Benefits Of Resistance Training For Improving Gait Speed In Aged Care, Justin Keogh, Timothy Henwood, Hugh Senior, Samantha Fien

Justin Keogh

No abstract provided.

Prevalence, Consequences And Effects Of Exercise On Sarcopenia In Aged Care, Justin Keogh, Timothy Henwood, Hugh Senior, Jennifer Hewitt

Justin Keogh

No abstract provided.

Is Home-Based, High-Intensity Interval Training Cycling Feasible And Safe For Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis? Study Protocol For A Randomized Pilot Study, Justin W L Keogh, Josephine Grigg, Christopher J Vertullo

Justin Keogh

BACKGROUND:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease affecting the knee joint of many middle-aged and older adults. As OA symptoms typically involve knee pain and stiffness, individuals with knee OA are often insufficiently physically active, have low levels of physical function, and are at increased risk of other comorbidities and reduced quality of life. While moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) cycling is often recommended, little is known about the feasibility, safety, and benefits of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) cycling for this population, even though the feasibility, safety, and benefits of HIIT have been demonstrated in other chronic disease groups.

PURPOSE: …

External Kinetics Of The Kettlebell Snatch In Amateur Lifters, James A Ross, Justin W L Keogh, Cameron J Wilson, Christian Lorenzen

Justin Keogh

BACKGROUND:

Kettlebell lifting has gained increased popularity as both a form of resistance training and as a sport, despite the paucity of literature validating its use as a training tool. Kettlebell sport requires participants to complete the kettlebell snatch continuously over prolonged periods of time. Kettlebell sport and weightlifting involve similar exercises, however, their traditional uses suggest they are better suited to training different fitness qualities. This study examined the three-dimensional ground reaction force (GRF) and force applied to the kettlebell over a 6 min kettlebell snatch set in 12 kettlebell-trained males.

METHODS:

During this set, VICON was used to …

The Association Between Fundamental Athletic Movements And Physical Fitness In Elite Junior Australian Footballers, Carl Woods, Ian Mckeown, Justin Keogh, Sam Robertson

Justin Keogh

Advances In Rehabilitation And Assistive Robots For Restoring Limb Function In Persons With Movement Disorders, Fan Gao, Guanglin Li, Huapeng Wu, Qining Wang, Jie Liu, Justin W. L. Keogh

Justin Keogh

People with movement disorders are plagued with debilitating conditions, which significantly degrade their quality of life. Traditional rehabilitation typically involves intensive interaction between patients and therapists. While effective, traditional rehabilitation cannot keep abreast of the increasing patient population primarily attributed to a higher surviving rate after diseases and/or injuries. Furthermore, patients living in the rural areas have fairly limited access to rehabilitation services. In the past two decades, tremendous efforts have been put into developing rehabilitation and assistive robots to facilitate the rehabilitation training while relieving the physical involvement of therapists and/or lowering the related cost. Most notably, the rehabilitation …

Examining Evidence Based Resistance Plus Balance Training In Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Complex Health Care Needs: Trial Protocol For The Muscling Up Against Disability Project., Justin W L Keogh, Tim Henwood, Paul Gardiner, Anthony Tuckett, Brent Hodgkinson, Kevin Rouse

Justin Keogh

Progressive resistance plus balance training (PRBT) has been demonstrated as effective in reducing later life physical disability, falls risk and poor health, even among those with complex health care needs. However, few studies have examined the influence of PRBT on health service utilisation, cognitive wellbeing and training modality acceptance or undertaken a cost benefit analysis. This project will investigate the broad scope benefits of PRBT participation among community-dwelling older Australians receiving Government supported aged care packages for their complex health care needs. Using a modified stepped-wedge design, 248 community-dwelling adults 65 years and older with some level of government support …

Evolution Of Smart Devices And Human Movement Apps: Recommendations For Use In Sports Science Education And Practice, Justin Keogh, Hugo Espinosa, Josie Grigg

Justin Keogh

Many smart phones and tablets possess high-speed cameras. An increasing number of human movement professionals (e.g. personal trainers, athletics coaches, strength and conditioning coaches and physiotherapists) are beginning to use human movement analysis apps with their smart phones/tablets to quantitatively assess their clients' performance and injury risk. however, an understanding of the validity and reliability of those tools is required. this narrative review seeks to list some relevant human movement apps; summaries the validity and reliability of selected apps and to provide recommendations for their use in education and practice.

The Effect Of A Seven-Week Exercise Program On Golf Swing Performance And Musculoskeletal Measures, Mico H. Olivier, Sean A. Horan, Kerrie A. Evans, Justin W. L. Keogh

Justin Keogh

As most golf exercise studies have shown improved golf performance as a result of two or three sessions per week, the present study investigated the effects of a supervised exercise session performed once a week for seven weeks on golf swing variables and musculoskeletal screening measures. Professional Golfers Association of Australia International Golf Institute student golfers (n = 43) with a mean ± standard deviation handicap of 8.6 ± 8.3 participated in the study. Each golfer performed 10 musculoskeletal tests and a standardised 60-shot golf performance test (TrackMan, Vedbaek, Denmark) on separate days before and after the seven-week program. Significant …

Practical Applications Of Biomechanical Principles In Resistance Training: The Use Of Bands And Chains, Paul A. Swinton, Justin Keogh, Jason Lake

Justin Keogh

In recent years, it has become popular for athletes and recreational trainers to perform resistance training with the addition of bands and chains. In this paper, we consider the advantages of manipulating an exercise to match the resistance provided with the force capabilities of the lifter, which generally change throughout the movement. We explain that bands and chains can be used to manipulate a variety of exercises that have the potential to enhance performance in sport and in many daily tasks. Whilst there are many similaritiesbetween the use of bands and chains for resistance training, we note that there are …

Ace And Ucp2 Gene Polymorphisms And Their Association With Baseline And Exercise-Related Changes In The Functional Performance Of Older Adults, Justin W. Keogh, Barry Palmer, Denise Taylor, Andrew Kilding

Justin Keogh

Maintaining high levels of physical function is an important aspect of successful ageing. While muscle mass and strength contribute to functional performance in older adults, little is known about the possible genetic basis for the heterogeneity of physical function in older adults and in how older adults respond to exercise. Two genes that have possible roles in determining levels of muscle mass, strength and function in young and older adults are angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). This study examined whether polymorphisms in these two individual genes were associated with baseline functional performance levels and/or the training-related …

The Impact Of An Inpatient Hospital Admission On Patients’ Physical Functioning And Quality Of Life In The Oncology Setting, Andrew Murnane, Justin Keogh, Fiona Magat, Sonya Imbesi, Marie Coulombe, Sharni Patchell, Allan Abbott

Justin Keogh

Objective: Cancer can affect an individual’s level of physical function and health related quality of life (HRQoL). Those requiring hospital admission may be at risk of further decline during hospitalisation. The aim of this study was to investigate physical functioning and HRQoL of cancer patients on admission and over the course of their hospital admission. Methods: A prospective observational study was undertaken on the inpatient wards of a specialist oncology hospital. Assessment measures were taken bi-weekly until discharge from hospital or if they became too unwell to continue. Functional outcome measures included timed-up and go test (TUG), 30 second sit …

Objective And Subjective Benefits Of A Community-Based, Older Adult Multi-Component Exercise Programme, Justin Keogh, John Rice, Denise Taylor, Andrew Kilding

Justin Keogh

Most exercise studies for older adults have been university- or hospital-based. Little is known about the benefits and factors influencing long-term participation in community-based exercise programmes, especially in New Zealand. AIM: To quantify the objective benefits, participant perceptions and retention rates of a New Zealand community-based exercise programme for adults (60 years or older). METHODS: Study 1 involved assessing the benefits of 12 weeks' training on a convenience sample of 62 older adults commencing the never2old Active Ageing programme. Study 2 assessed the perceptions of 150 current participants on a variety of programme components that could act as barriers or …

Objectively Measured Activity Patterns Among Adults In Residential Aged Care, Natasha Reid, Elizabeth G. Eakin, Timothy Henwood, Justin Keogh, Hugh Senior, Robert A. Gardiner, Elizabeth Winkler, Genevieve Healy

Justin Keogh

To determine the feasibility of using the activPAL3TM activity monitor, and, to describe the activity patterns of residential aged care residents. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Randomly selected aged care facilities within 100 km of the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Participants: Ambulatory, older (.60 years) residential aged care adults without cognitive impairment. Measurements: Feasibility was assessed by consent rate, sleep/wear diary completion, and through interviews with staff/participants. Activity patterns (sitting/lying, standing, and stepping) were measured via activPAL3TM monitors worn continuously for seven days. Times spent in each activity were described and then compared across days of the week and hours of the …

Preliminary Kinematic Gait Analysis Of A Strongman Event: The Farmers Walk., Justin Keogh, Anthony Kattan, Scott Logan, James Bensley, Che Muller, Linda Powell

Justin Keogh

Abstract: This study sought to obtain some preliminary sagittal plane kinematic data on a common strongman event (and conditioning exercise) ‘the farmers walk’ and gain some insight into its kinematic determinants. Five experienced resistance trained males performed three, 20 m farmers walks at maximal speed while carrying 90.5 kg in each hand. Farmers walk average velocity was significantly greater in the middle (8.5–11.5 m) and latter (17–20 m) than initial stage (0–3 m), with this also associated with significant increases in stride length and stride rate and reductions in ground contact time. Comparisons between each subject’s fastest and slowest trials …

Objective Benefits, Participant Perceptions And Retention Rates Of A New Zealand Community-Based, Older-Adult Exercise Programme, Justin Keogh, John Rice, Denise Taylor, Andrew Kilding

Justin Keogh

INTRODUCTION: Most exercise studies for older adults have been university- or hospital-based. Little is known about the benefits and factors influencing long-term participation in community-based exercise programmes, especially in New Zealand. AIM: To quantify the objective benefits, participant perceptions and retention rates of a New Zealand community-based exercise programme for adults (60 years or older). METHODS: Study 1 involved assessing the benefits of 12 weeks’ training on a convenience sample of 62 older adults commencing the never2old Active Ageing programme. Study 2 assessed the perceptions of 150 current participants on a variety of programme components that could act as barriers …

Practical Applications Of Biomechanical Principles In Resistance Training: Neuromuscular Factors And Relationships, Jason Lake, Paul A. Swinton, Justin Keogh

Justin Keogh

This paper is the second in our three part series examining how a variety of biomechanical principles and concepts have direct relevance to the prescription of resistance training for the general and athletic populations as well as for musculoskeletal injury rehabilitation. In this paper, we considered different neuromuscular characteristics of resistance exercise. We started by defining the causes of motion, discussing force and Newton’s second law of linear motion. This led to discussion of impulse, and how its relationship with momentum can be used to study force-time curves recorded from different ground-based resistance exercises. This enables the sports biomechanist to …

Physical And Psychosocial Function In Residential Aged-Care Elders: Effect Of Nintendo Wii Sports Games, J. W. L. Keogh, N. Power, L. Wooller, P. Lucas, C. Whatman

Justin Keogh

This mixed-methods, quasi-experimental pilot study examined whether the Nintendo Wii Sports (NWS) active video game (exergame) system could significantly improve the functional ability, physical activity levels, and quality of life of 34 older adults (4 men and 30 women, 83 ± 8 yr) living in 2 residential aged-care (RAC) centers. Change score analyses indicated the intervention group had significantly greater increases in bicep curl muscular endurance, physical activity levels, and psychological quality of life than the control group (p

Perceived Benefits, Motives, And Barriers To Aqua-Based Exercise Among Older Adults With And Without Osteoarthritis, Alison Fisken, Justin Keogh, Deborah L. Waters, Wayne Hing

Justin Keogh

This study aimed to (a) identify factors that motivate older adults to participate in aqua-based exercise; (b) identify potential barriers; and (c) compare perceptions between older adults with and without osteoarthritis (OA). Fifteen adults above 60 years of age participated in one of three focus groups during which they discussed perceived benefits, motives, and barriers to aqua exercise. Pain reduction was considered a major benefit among those with OA, improved health and fitness was a principal benefit for those without OA. All participants felt that the instructor could act as both a motivator and barrier; the most significant barrier was …

Perceived Barriers, Benefits And Motives For Physical Activity: Two Primary-Care Physical Activity Prescription Programs, Asmita Patel, Grant M. Schofield, Gregory S. Kolt, Justin Keogh

Justin Keogh

This study examined whether perceived barriers, benefits, and motives for physical activity differed based on allocation to 2 different types of primary-care activity prescription programs (pedometer-based vs. time-based Green Prescription). Eighty participants from the Healthy Steps study completed a questionnaire that assessed their perceived barriers, benefits, and motives for physical activity. Factor analysis was carried out to identify common themes of barriers, benefits, and motives for physical activity. Factor scores were then used to explore betweengroups differences for perceived barriers, benefits, and motives based on group allocation and demographic variables. No significant differences were found in factor scores based on …

Quantitative Assessment Of Quality Of Life In New Zealand Prostate Cancer Survivors: The Effect Of Androgen Deprivation Therapy, Justin Keogh, C U. Krägeloh, D Shepherd, C Ryan, S Osborne, J Masters, R D. Macleod

Justin Keogh

Men with prostate cancer experience many challenges to their quality of life (QOL). While some of these challenges reflect the direct effects of the cancer, additional side-effects and symptoms are also associated with common treatments especially androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). While several studies have examined the effects of ADT on the QOL of men with prostate cancer, much of this research is between 10-20 years old and was conducted in North America or Europe. This study therefore examined the effects of ADT on QOL in prostate cancer patients (survivors) in the Southern hemisphere. The registries of two New Zealand based …

Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Functional Performance, Quality Of Life, And Fatigue Benefits Of Exercise For Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review, Justin W. L. Keogh, Roderick D. Macleod

Justin Keogh

Context: Prostate cancer patients, especially those on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), experience many symptoms that make it difficult to maintain their independence and quality of life. Because ADT acts by means of reducing testosterone production, exercise may offset many of the ADT side effects and those of the cancer itself.Objectives: This systematic review of the literature evaluates whether exercise could reduce symptoms and improve quality of life for prostate cancer patients.Methods: Using relevant databases and key words, 12 training studies were found meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Grade A level evidence was observed for the benefits of exercise in …

Interrelationships Between Strength, Anthropometrics, And Strongmen Performance In Novice Strongman Athletes, Paul W. Winwood, Justin W. L. Keogh, Nigel K. Harris

Justin Keogh

Winwood, PW, Keogh, JWL, Harris, NK, and Weaver, LM. Interrelationships between strength, anthropometrics, and strongman performance in novice strongman athletes. J Strength Cond Res 26(2): 513–522, 2012—The sport of strongman is relatively new; hence, specific research investigating this sport is currently very limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between anthropometric dimensions and maximal isoinertial strength to strongman performance in novice strongman athletes. Twenty-three semiprofessional rugby union players with considerable resistance training and some strongman training experience (age 22.0 ± 2.4 years, weight 102.6 ± 10.8 kg, height 184.6 ± 6.5 cm) were assessed for anthropometry …

Evidence For Biomechanics And Motor Learning Research Improving Golf Performance, Justin W. L. Keogh, Patricia A. Hume

Justin Keogh

The aim of this review was to determine how the findings of biomechanics and motor control/learning research may be used to improve golf performance. To be eligible, the biomechanics and motor learning studies had to use direct (ball displacement and shot accuracy) or indirect (clubhead velocity and clubface angle) golf performance outcome measures. Biomechanical studies suggested that reducing the radius path of the hands during the downswing, increasing wrist torque and/or range of motion, delaying wrist motion to late in the downswing, increasing downswing amplitude, improving sequential acceleration of body parts, improving weight transfer, and utilising X-factor stretch and physical …

Development Of A Clinical Multiple-Lunge Test To Predict Falls In Older Adults, Ruth Wagenaar, Justin W. Keogh, Denise Taylor

Justin Keogh

Objective: To develop a new Multiple-Lunge Test to distinguish between fallers and nonfallers in community-dwelling older adults.Design: A cross-sectional design was used to establish the sensitivity and specificity of the test to predict faller status based on retrospective self-reported fall history. Setting: Local retirement villages.Participants: Community-dwelling older adults (N 130; mean age SD, 77 7y) with (n 40) and without (n 90) a history of falls.Interventions: The Multiple-Lunge Test required individuals to lunge forward to a step length determined as 60% of their leg length, and return to start, for 5 consecutive repetitions. Interday and intraday test-retest reliability of the …

Sarcopenia In Older Adults, Timothy Henwood, Justin Keogh, Mike Climstein

Justin Keogh

Extract:Sarcopenia is a little acknowledged geriatric syndrome associated with significant health care and personal burden (Janssen et al 2004). Defined by an age associated loss in muscle mass and function (either muscle strength or physical performance), sarcopenia is a known precursor to later life disability (Cruz-Jentoft et al 2010). Across the lifespan, an adult can expect a 35% loss in muscle size and 50% loss in muscle strength that will significantly reduce their capacity to undertake activities of daily living, and increase their risk of falls due to reduced balance capacity and core strength (Bean et al 2002).

Effects Of Two Contrast Training Programs On Jump Performance In Rugby Union Players During A Competition Phase, Christos K. Argus, Nicholas D. Gill, Justin W. L. Keogh, Michael R. Mcguigan, Will G. Hopkins

Justin Keogh

Purpose: There is little literature comparing contrast training programs typically performed by team-sport athletes within a competitive phase. We compared the effects of two contrast training programs on a range of measures in high-level rugby union players during the competition season.

Methods: The programs consisted of a higher volume-load (strength-power) or lower volume-load (speed-power) resistance training; each included a tapering of loading (higher force early in the week, higher velocity later in the week) and was performed twice a week for 4 wk. Eighteen players were assessed for peak power during a bodyweight countermovement jump (BWCMJ), bodyweight squat …

A Brief Description Of The Biomechanics And Physiology Of A Strongman Event: The Tire Flip, Justin W.L. Keogh, Amenda L. Payne, Brad B. Anderson, Paul J. Atkins

Justin Keogh

The purpose of this study was to (a) characterize the temporal aspects of a popular strongman event, the tire flip; (b) gain some insight into the temporal factors that could distinguish the slowest and fastest flips; and (c) obtain preliminary data on the physiological stress of this exercise. Five resistance-trained subjects with experience in performing the tire flip gave informed consent to participate in this study. Each subject performed 2 sets of 6 tire flips with a 232-kg tire with 3 minutes of rest between sets. Temporal variables were obtained from video cameras positioned 10 m from the tire, perpendicular …

Strength And Coordination Training Are Both Effective In Reducing The Postural Tremor Amplitude Of Older Adults, Justin W.L. Keogh, Steve Morrison, Rod Barrett

Justin Keogh

The current study investigated the effect of 2 different types of unilateral resistance training on the postural tremor output of 19 neurologically healthy men age 70–80 yr. The strength- (n = 7) and coordination-training (n = 7) groups trained twice a week for 6 wk, performing dumbbell biceps curls, wrist flexions, and wrist extensions, while the control group (n = 5) maintained their normal activities. Changes in index-finger tremor (RMS amplitude, peak, and proportional power) and upper limb muscle coactivation were assessed during 4 postural conditions that were performed separately with the trained and untrained limbs. The 2 training groups …

Digit Force Control In Older Adults: Benefits Of Resistance-Training?, Justin W.L. Keogh

Justin Keogh

This paper seeks to review the effect on digit force control of: 1) the ageing process; and 2) the resistance-training in older adults. Significant age-related decreases in finger-pinch force control were observed in many but not all studies. Those that didn't report age-related differences involved bi-digit finger-pinch tasks requiring the production of constant forces only. This suggests that the age-related decline in force control becomes more pronounced the more challenging the force production task. While three studies reported that resistance-training improved older adults' digit force control capabilities, it is unclear if these improvements would occur in tasks that: 1) require …