Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Community Pharmacy-Based Vaccination In The Usa: Current Practice And Future Directions, Jeff Goad, Albert Bach

Jeff Goad

Community pharmacy-based provision of immunizations in the USA has become commonplace in the last few decades, with success in increasing rates of immunizations. Community pharmacy-based vaccination services are provided by pharmacists educated in the practice of immunization delivery and provide a convenient and accessible option for receiving immunizations. The pharmacist’s role in immunization practice has been described as serving in the roles of educator, facilitator, and immunizer. With a majority of pharmacist-provided vaccinations occurring in the community pharmacy setting, there are many examples of community pharmacists serving in these immunization roles with successful outcomes. Different community pharmacies employ a number …

Implementation Of A Pharmacy-Based Adult Vaccine Benefit: Recommendations For A Commercial Health Plan Benefit, Jeffery A. Goad, Kelly J. Ko, Rolin L. Wade, Hsing-Ting Yu, Ross M. Miller, Bruce Sherman

Jeff Goad

BACKGROUND: Although vaccination rates in children exceed 90% in the United States, adults are vaccinated at far lower rates. In order to address this issue, additional community immunizers are needed, and pharmacists are in an ideal position to fill this void. OBJECTIVES: To explore issues and barriers related to implementation of a pharmacy-based adult vaccine benefit and develop recommendations supporting a pathway for benefit expansion. METHODS: A literature review on the current environment surrounding pharmacy-based adult vaccinations and structured interviews were conducted to inform an expert panel meeting using a modified Delphi process (pre/post survey). The goal was to develop …

Medication Therapy Management, Challenges: The Pharmacist’S Emerging Role, Parth D. Shah, Jeffery A. Goad, Edith Mirzaian, Melissa Durham

Jeff Goad

"The pharmacist's role on the healthcare team has received much attention lately as the new Affordable Care Act (ACA) healthcare legislation creates opportunities for pharmacists. lnterprofessional collaboration will transform the way pharmacists deliver health services to patients with respect to their medications. In the community, pharmacist-provided services have been moving away from the traditional role of dispensing to cognitive services that maximize the patient's safe and effective use of medications. The current movement in medical care within the United States is to adopt a model that is patient-centric. The Patient-Centered Primary Care Collaborative (PCPCC) recognizes that "patient-centric" systems are evolving, …

The Science Of Prevention Strategies, Rachel Abrishami, Jeffery A. Goad

Jeff Goad

"From newborn screening for Phenylkentonurea (PKU) and the birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine to prostate and breast cancer screening and pneumococcal immunization for older adults, the science of health maintenance is multi-tiered and spans the lifetime of an individual. Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies are used in concert with each other to enable healthcare professionals and their patients to sustain and improve the quality of life."

Pharmacists And Pharmacogenomics: An Evaluation Of Knowledge, Beliefs, Attitudes And Practices, Laressa Bethishou, Angela Chen, Chrissie Chew, Richard Dang, Courtney Greenber, Rebecca Ashlee Klevens, Vlada Treynker, Andrew Warnock, Melissa Durham, Jeffery A. Goad, Edith Mirzaian

Jeff Goad

"Pharmacogenomics is the term used to describe the rapidly advancing study on how genetic makeup can impact drug therapy. In specialized clinical situations, such as the use of irinotecan in colon cancer or abacavir in HIV infections, it is now possible to identify specific genotypes that correlate strongly with a patient's therapeutic outcome, with implications on both efficacy and side effects. On a broader scale, a systematic review published by the Journal of the American Medical Association on the top 27 adverse reaction-causing drugs found that a majority of the adverse effects have a genetic component, suggesting that an analysis …

Question: What Is The Difference Between Volmax® And Proventil Repetabs®?, Jeffery A. Goad, Robert Andonian, Chris Chang, Greg Thompson

Jeff Goad

Answer: There are noticeable differences between Volmax and Proventil Repetabs, two of the available oral forms of administering albuterol to patients suffering from asthma. These differences are discussed below.

Reimbursement For Pharmaceutical Care Services: The California Experience, Jeffery A. Goad, Kathleen Johnson, Michael Rudolph

Jeff Goad

"While it is true that pharmacists are changing their practice habits, they are doing so for the betterment of their patients’ drug therapy outcomes and the healthcare system. The pharmacist serves as the vital link between the patient, physician, and healthcare system. By working with patients and physicians, pharmacists have demonstrated in the literature that they can improve patient drug therapy outcomes, thus preventing unnecessary healthcare expenditures (Fincham, 1998). Pharmacists have long been held in highest esteem by patients, being voted the number one trusted professional for 10 consecutive years. The evidence is clear that pharmacists provide a valuable service …

A Comparison Of Pharmacist Travel-Health Specialists' Versus Primary Care Providers' Recommendations For Travel-Related Medications, Vaccinations, And Patient Compliance In A College Health Setting, Melissa J. Durham, Jeffery A. Goad, Lawrence S. Neinstein, Mimi Lou

Jeff Goad

Background. Pretravel medication and vaccination recommendations and receipt were compared between primary care providers (PCPs) without special training and clinical pharmacists specializing in pretravel health. Methods. A retrospective chart review of patients seen for pretravel health services in a pharmacist-run travel clinic (PTC) compared to PCPs at a University Student Health Center. Vaccine/medication recommendations were assessed for consistency with national/international guidelines. Medical/pharmacy records were queried to determine the receipt of medications/vaccinations. Results. The PTC recommended antibiotics for travelers' diarrhea were given more often when indicated (96% vs 50%, p < 0.0001), and patients seen in the PTC received their medications more …

Immunization Update, Karl M. Hess, Jeffery A. Goad

Jeff Goad

"Immunization represents a very effective primary prevention strategy to curb the rate of vaccine preventable diseases...Pharmacists can play a leading role in vaccination by serving as an advocate, facilitator, and active immunizer. As an advocate, pharmacists provide vaccine education while motivating people to get immunized. As a facilitator, pharmacy’s can host other groups, such as the visiting nurses association, to come into the pharmacy and vaccinate. As an active immunizer, however, pharmacists serve their greatest role by giving immunizations to adolescents and adults."

The Common Cold: What Pharmacists Need To Know, Peggy Han, Peggy Mcmillan, Jeffery A. Goad

Jeff Goad

A primer on the common cold for pharmacists, including its causes and pathophysiology and how to assess and treat patients.

Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses, Jeffery A. Goad, J Nguyen

Jeff Goad

Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) viruses are diverse and include arenaviruses, bunyaviruses, filoviruses, and flaviviruses. Lassa fever, South American hemorrhagic fever (HF), Rift Valley HF, Crimean-Congo HF, Ebola, Marburg, yellow fever, and dengue fever are well known examples of the hemorrhagic fever viruses. They are often difficult to diagnose and treat resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Transmission varies from vector borne to person-to-person. The common clinical presentation includes fever, myalgia, microvascular damage, and hemorrahage as well as a history of travel to the tropics. If VHF is suspected, strict infection control procedures must be implemented to prevent the spread of …

White Paper: Certification, Credentials, And Credentialing In Pharmacy, Donald Kishi, Jeffery A. Goad, Nancy Korman, Teresa Miller, Mary Ferrill, Holly Strom

Jeff Goad

The rapid evolution of the health care system has provided the pharmacy profession with opportunities to expand existing and develop new direct patient care roles. Two critical challenges that the pharmacy profession must contend with to ensure the continued expansion and acceptance of pharmacists in advanced practice roles (e.g. direct patient care roles) are: (1) To develop and implement a credible, systematic, standards-based, and profession-wide plan that includes a system for identifying the types of pharmacists' practices requiring credentials, a validated certification process, and a computerized credentialing process that is current, comprehensive, and easily accessible; (2) To establish the credibility …

Intravenous Artesunate For Severe Malaria, Karl M. Hess, Jeffery A. Goad, Paul M. Arguin

Jeff Goad

OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacodynamics and pharmacotherapeutic use of intravenous artesunate for the treatment of severe malaria.

DATA SOURCES: Literature was retrieved through PubMed (1999 March 2010), MEDLINE (1996 March 2010), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), using the search terms artemisinin, artesunate, malaria, and severe malaria. In addition, reference citations from publications identified were reviewed.

STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles in English that were identified from the data sources were reviewed. Focus was placed on post-marketing trials examining the safety and efficacy of artesunate in comparison with other regimens.

DATA SYNTHESIS …