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Articles 1 - 30 of 351
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Ewing's Sarcoma Arising From The Adrenal Gland In A Young Male: A Case Report, Muhammad Nauman Zahir, Tayyaba Zehra Ansari, Tariq Moatter, Wasim Memon, Shahid Pervez
Ewing's Sarcoma Arising From The Adrenal Gland In A Young Male: A Case Report, Muhammad Nauman Zahir, Tayyaba Zehra Ansari, Tariq Moatter, Wasim Memon, Shahid Pervez
Section of Haematology/Oncology
Background: Ewing's sarcoma uncommonly arises from extraosseous soft tissue or parenchymal organs. Primary adrenal Ewing's Sarcoma, although very rare, is extremely aggressive and commonly fatal.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 17 year old Pakistani male was referred to the outpatient oncology clinic at our center with a three month history of concomitant pain, swelling and dragging sensation in the right hypochondrium. Abdominal examination revealed a large, firm mass in the right hypochondrium extending into the right lumbar region and epigastrium. His genital exam was unremarkable and there were no stigmata of hepatic or adrenal disease.Computed tomography scans revealed a large peripherally …
Glucocorticoids Induced Allergic Reaction, Emad Uddin Siddiqui, Shakeel Ahmed
Glucocorticoids Induced Allergic Reaction, Emad Uddin Siddiqui, Shakeel Ahmed
Department of Emergency Medicine
Glucocorticoids can cause allergic reaction in rare cases. A ten year old boy, known asthmatic, was treated with intramuscular injection of glucocorticoids, followed by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. His lips turned pale along with palpitation and light headache. His right eye lid and lower lip were swollen. Heart rate was 177/min, and BP was 66/46 mmHg,. Patient spontaneously improved and symptoms resolved. IV fluids bolus, antihistamines or epinephrine were not required. The case was seen in September 2012.
Mentoring Ethics In Postgraduate Surgical Training: A Developing Country Perspective From Pakistan, Mohsin Azam, Saleha Anwar, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Muhammad Waqas
Mentoring Ethics In Postgraduate Surgical Training: A Developing Country Perspective From Pakistan, Mohsin Azam, Saleha Anwar, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Muhammad Waqas
Section of Neurosurgery
No abstract provided.
High Hiv Incidence Among Persons Who Inject Drugs In Pakistan: Greater Risk With Needle Sharing And Injecting Frequently Among The Homeless., Rab Nawaz Samo, Arshad Altaf, Ajmal Agha, Omrana Pasha, Shafquat Rozi, Ashraf Memon, Saleem Azam, Meridith Blevins, Sten Vermund, Sharaf Ali Shah
High Hiv Incidence Among Persons Who Inject Drugs In Pakistan: Greater Risk With Needle Sharing And Injecting Frequently Among The Homeless., Rab Nawaz Samo, Arshad Altaf, Ajmal Agha, Omrana Pasha, Shafquat Rozi, Ashraf Memon, Saleem Azam, Meridith Blevins, Sten Vermund, Sharaf Ali Shah
Community Health Sciences
BACKGROUND:
The incidence of HIV among persons who inject drugs (PWIDU) has fallen in many nations, likely due to successes of clean needle/syringe exchange and substance abuse treatment and service programs. However in Pakistan, prevalence rates for PWID have risen dramatically. In several cities, prevalence exceeded 20% by 2009 compared to a 2003 baseline of just 0.5%. However, no cohort study of PWID has ever been conducted.
METHODS:
We enrolled a cohort of 636 HIV seronegative PWID registered with three drop-in centers that focus on risk reduction and basic social services in Karachi. Recruitment began in 2009 (March to June) …
Determinants Of Child And Forced Marriage In Morocco: Stakeholder Perspectives On Health, Policies And Human Rights, Alexia Sabbe, Halima Oulami, Wahiba Zekraoui, Halima Hikmat, Marleen Temmerman, Els Leye
Determinants Of Child And Forced Marriage In Morocco: Stakeholder Perspectives On Health, Policies And Human Rights, Alexia Sabbe, Halima Oulami, Wahiba Zekraoui, Halima Hikmat, Marleen Temmerman, Els Leye
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa
Background: In Morocco, the social and legal framework surrounding sexual and reproductive health has transformed greatly in the past decade, especially with the introduction of the new Family Law or Moudawana. Yet, despite raising the minimum age of marriage for girls and stipulating equal rights in the family, child and forced marriage is widespread. The objective of this research study was to explore perspectives of a broad range of professionals on factors that contribute to the occurrence of child and forced marriage in Morocco.
Methods: A qualitative approach was used to generate both primary and secondary data for the analysis. …
Rectal Carcinoma Under 40 Years Of Age: Seven-Year Post-Treatment Follow-Up At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan, Naveed Haroon, Salma Khan, Rehman Alvi
Rectal Carcinoma Under 40 Years Of Age: Seven-Year Post-Treatment Follow-Up At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan, Naveed Haroon, Salma Khan, Rehman Alvi
Department of Surgery
Objectives: To determine epidemiological characteristics, clinical presentation, histopathological features, and long-term follow-up of patients below 40 years of age with carcinoma rectum.Methods: The retrospective case series comprised all patients presenting with histopathological diagnosis of carcinoma rectum with age 15-40 years at the Aga Khan University Hospital between January 1994 and December 2004. Details regarding patient demographics, pre-operative assessment, management and tumour grade and stage were obtained from a prospectively maintained database. Continuous and categorical variables in the data were analysed.Results: Of the 23 patients in the study, 14 (60.89%) were male and 9 (39.13%) were female. Mean age of the …
Clinically Significant Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury After Non-Emergent Cardiac Catheterization--Risk Factors And Impact On Length Of Hospital Stay., Waqar Kashif, Ali Khawaja, Syed Ather Hussain
Clinically Significant Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury After Non-Emergent Cardiac Catheterization--Risk Factors And Impact On Length Of Hospital Stay., Waqar Kashif, Ali Khawaja, Syed Ather Hussain
Department of Medicine
Objective: To evaluate the frequency and risk factors associated with clinically significant contrast-induced nephropathy(CIN) in patients undergoing non-emergent coronary angiography.
Study Design: Descriptive study.
Place and Duration of Study: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2005 to December 2007.
Methodology: Case records of patients who underwent coronary angiography with a serum creatinine of ≥ 1.5 mg/dl atthe time of procedure were evaluated. Clinically significant contrast induced nephropathy (CSCIN) was defined as either doubling of serum creatinine from baseline value within a week following the procedure or need for emergency hemodialysis after the procedure.Results: One hundred …
Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor For Mobilizing Bone Marrow Stem Cells In The Sub Acute Stroke. How Safe Is The Use Of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor In Sub-Acute Stroke? Is This Stem Cell Trial Of Recovery Enhancement Beneficial?, Fauzia Nomani, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal
Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor For Mobilizing Bone Marrow Stem Cells In The Sub Acute Stroke. How Safe Is The Use Of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor In Sub-Acute Stroke? Is This Stem Cell Trial Of Recovery Enhancement Beneficial?, Fauzia Nomani, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal
Department of Medicine
No abstract provided.
Grand Multiparity: Is It Still A Risk In Pregnancy?, Andrew H. Mgaya, Siriel N. Massawe, Hussein Kidanto, Hans N. Mgaya
Grand Multiparity: Is It Still A Risk In Pregnancy?, Andrew H. Mgaya, Siriel N. Massawe, Hussein Kidanto, Hans N. Mgaya
Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa
Background The association of grand multiparity and poor pregnancy outcome has not been consistent for decades. Classifying grand multiparous women as a high-risk group without clear evidence of a consistent association with adverse outcomes can lead to socioeconomic burdens to the mother, family and health systems. We compared the maternal and perinatal complications among grand multiparous and other multiparous women in Dar es Salaam in Tanzania.
Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH). A standard questionnaire enquired the following variables: demographic characteristics, antenatal profile and detected obstetric risk factors as well as maternal and neonatal risk …
Screening For Tuberculosis In Pregnancy: Do We Need More Than A Symptom Screen? Experience From Western Kenya, R J. Kosgei, D Szkwarko, S Callens, P Gichangi, Marleen Temmerman, A-B Kihara, J J. Sitienei, E J. Cheserem, P M. Ndavi, A J. Reid, E J. Carter
Screening For Tuberculosis In Pregnancy: Do We Need More Than A Symptom Screen? Experience From Western Kenya, R J. Kosgei, D Szkwarko, S Callens, P Gichangi, Marleen Temmerman, A-B Kihara, J J. Sitienei, E J. Cheserem, P M. Ndavi, A J. Reid, E J. Carter
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa
Objectives: 1) To explore the utility of tuberculosis (TB) symptom screening for symptoms of ⩾2 weeks’ duration in a routine setting, and 2) to compare differences in TB diagnosis between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected and non-HIV-infected pregnant women in western Kenya.
Design: Comparative cross-sectional study among pregnant women with known HIV status screened for TB from 2010 to 2012, in Eldoret, western Kenya.
Results: Of 2983 participants, respectively 34 (1%), 1488 (50.5%) and 1461 (49.5%) had unknown, positive and negative HIV status. The median age was respectively 30 years (interquartile range [IQR] 26–35) and 26 years (IQR 24–31) in …
Primary Healthcare Providers’ Views On Improving Sexual And Reproductive Healthcare For Adolescents In Bolivia, Ecuador, And Nicaragua, Lina Jaruseviciene, Miguel Orozco, Marcia Ibarra, Freddy Cordova Ossio, Bernardo Vega, Nancy Auquilla, Joel Medina, Anna C. Gorter, Peter Decat, Marleen Temmerman
Primary Healthcare Providers’ Views On Improving Sexual And Reproductive Healthcare For Adolescents In Bolivia, Ecuador, And Nicaragua, Lina Jaruseviciene, Miguel Orozco, Marcia Ibarra, Freddy Cordova Ossio, Bernardo Vega, Nancy Auquilla, Joel Medina, Anna C. Gorter, Peter Decat, Marleen Temmerman
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa
Objectives: To elicit the views of primary healthcare providers from Bolivia, Ecuador, and Nicaragua on how adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) care in their communities can be improved.
Methods: Overall, 126 healthcare providers (46 from Bolivia, 39 from Ecuador, and 41 from Nicaragua) took part in this qualitative study. During a series of moderated discussions, they provided written opinions about the accessibility and appropriateness of ASRH services and suggestions for its improvement. The data were analyzed by employing a content analysis methodology.
Results: Study participants emphasized managerial issues such as the prioritization of adolescents as a patient group and …
Conscientious Objection To Provision Of Legal Abortion Care, Brooke R. Johnson Jr, Eszter Kismödi, Monica V. Dragoman, Marleen Temmerman
Conscientious Objection To Provision Of Legal Abortion Care, Brooke R. Johnson Jr, Eszter Kismödi, Monica V. Dragoman, Marleen Temmerman
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa
Despite advances in scientific evidence, technologies, and human rights rationale for providing safe abortion, a broad range of cultural, regulatory, and health system barriers that deter access to abortion continues to exist in many countries. When conscientious objection to provision of abortion becomes one of these barriers, it can create risks to women’s health and the enjoyment of their human rights. To eliminate this barrier, states should implement regulations for healthcare providers on how to invoke conscientious objection without jeopardizing women’s access to safe, legal abortion services, especially with regard to timely referral for care and in emergency cases when …
Consensus Interferon Plus Ribavirin For Hepatitis C Genotype 3 Patients Previously Treated With Pegylated Interferon Plus Ribavirin, Zaigham Abbas, Ghiasun Nabi Tayyab, Mustafa Qureshi, Mohammad Sadik Memon, Amna Subhan, Tanzila Shakir, Wasim Jafri, Saeed Hamid
Consensus Interferon Plus Ribavirin For Hepatitis C Genotype 3 Patients Previously Treated With Pegylated Interferon Plus Ribavirin, Zaigham Abbas, Ghiasun Nabi Tayyab, Mustafa Qureshi, Mohammad Sadik Memon, Amna Subhan, Tanzila Shakir, Wasim Jafri, Saeed Hamid
Section of Gastroenterology
Background
Not enough data are available about the effectiveness of consensus interferon (CIFN) among HCV genotype 3 patients who failed to respond to pegylated interferon and ribavirin.
Objectives
We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of CIFN and ribavirin in non-responders and relapsers to pegylated interferon with ribavirin therapy.
Patients and Methods
This open-label investigator-initiated study included 44 patients who received CIFN 15 µg /day plus ribavirin 800-1200 mg daily. In patients with an early virological response (EVR), the dose of CIFN was reduced to 15 µg thrice a week for further 36 weeks. Patients with delayed virological response …
Tumor Necrosis Factor -Α, Interleukin-10, Intercellular And Vascular Adhesion Molecules Are Possible Biomarkers Of Disease Severity In Complicated Plasmodium Vivax Isolates From Pakistan., Afsheen Raza, Najia K. Ghanchi, Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Ahmed Raheem, Sobia Nizami, Mohammad Asim Beg
Tumor Necrosis Factor -Α, Interleukin-10, Intercellular And Vascular Adhesion Molecules Are Possible Biomarkers Of Disease Severity In Complicated Plasmodium Vivax Isolates From Pakistan., Afsheen Raza, Najia K. Ghanchi, Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Ahmed Raheem, Sobia Nizami, Mohammad Asim Beg
Department of Medicine
Background: Cytokine-mediated endothelial activation pathway is a known mechanism of pathogenesis employed by Plasmodium falciparum to induce severe disease symptoms in human host. Though considered benign, complicated cases of Plasmodium vivax are being reported worldwide and from Pakistan. It has been hypothesized that P.vivax utilizes similar mechanism of pathogenesis, as that of P.falciparum for manifestations of severe malaria. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to characterize the role of cytokines and endothelial activation markers in complicated Plasmodium vivax isolates from Pakistan.
Methods and Principle Findings: A case control study using plasma samples from well-characterized groups suffering from P.vivax …
City Tumour Board Karachi: An Innovative Step In Multidisciplinary Consensus Meeting And Its Two Years Audit., Asghar Hussain Asghar, Ahmed Nadeem Abbasi, Abid Jamal, Ghulam H, Sadia Rizvi
City Tumour Board Karachi: An Innovative Step In Multidisciplinary Consensus Meeting And Its Two Years Audit., Asghar Hussain Asghar, Ahmed Nadeem Abbasi, Abid Jamal, Ghulam H, Sadia Rizvi
Department of Medicine
Management of cancer patients is a team work which usually comprises of surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, pathologists, psychiatrist, nutritionist and a nurse. Any patient who is suffering from any tumour needs a multimodality meeting as cancer treatment is not a single persons job. Most of the time, it is difficult to get the whole team together for a plan discussion due to their busy schedule. This problem was overcome by starting a tumour board meeting early morning of Sunday in Karachi which was named "City Tumour Board (CTB) Karachi". Its first meeting was held on Sunday March 28, 2010 and since …
First Report Of Ndm-1-Producing Acinetobacter Baumannii In East Africa, Gunturu Revathi, Kristopher L. Siu, Po-Liang Lu, Li-Yueh Huang
First Report Of Ndm-1-Producing Acinetobacter Baumannii In East Africa, Gunturu Revathi, Kristopher L. Siu, Po-Liang Lu, Li-Yueh Huang
Pathology, East Africa
Background: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) was observed in a Kenyan hospital from 2009 to 2010. Further investigation of the dissemination of CRAB isolates and the molecular characterization of associated resistance determinants were therefore performed.
Methods: Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by broth microdilution and Etest. Metallo-blactamases were detected by Etest method. Clonal relationships were studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). b-Lactam and aminoglycoside resistance determinants and the clonal relatedness to widespread European clones were studied by PCR and sequencing.
Results: Sixteen CRAB isolates from 10 patients possessed six pulsotypes; half of the isolates …
Locking Compression Plate In Musculoskeletal Oncology'a Nriend In Need', Masood Umer, Kashif Abbas, Shahid Khan, Haroon Ur Rashid
Locking Compression Plate In Musculoskeletal Oncology'a Nriend In Need', Masood Umer, Kashif Abbas, Shahid Khan, Haroon Ur Rashid
Department of Surgery
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
We are presenting our experience in the use of locking compression plate (LCP) after juxta-articular oncological resections in addition to its use in pathologic fracture.
METHODS:
A retrospective audit of skeletal reconstruction using LCP in 25 cases of long bone tumors was performed from 2008 to 2010. Reconstruction following limb salvage surgery was done in 17 patients and internal fixation of pathological fracture was done in 8 patients. All patients were available for > 12 months of follow-up, and thus assessed for union at the resected ends.
RESULTS:
There were 8 males and 17 females in the study. The …
Correlation Between Central Corneal Thickness Measurements Using Two Uifferent Ultrasonic Pachymeters, Sharmeen Akram, Zarksis H, Anklesaria A, Khabir Ahmad
Correlation Between Central Corneal Thickness Measurements Using Two Uifferent Ultrasonic Pachymeters, Sharmeen Akram, Zarksis H, Anklesaria A, Khabir Ahmad
Department of Surgery
Purpose: To assess correlation between central corneal thickness measurements using two different ultrasonic pachymeters. Material and Methods: This prospective study involved normal subjects aged 16 to 45 years. Central corneal thickness was measured in 47 eyes by two ultrasonic pachymeters – Tomey SP – 100 and Sonomed 300 AP. Correlations between CCT measurements assessed by the two pachymeters were tested by Pearson correlation. Results: Forty seven eyes were included in the study. The mean (± SD) age of the subjects was 27.79 years (± 6.88).The mean (± SD) Tomey Pachymeter CCT was 536.45 m (34.37) and the mean (SD) Sonomed …
Outcome Of Radiologically Placed Tunneled Haemodialysis Catheters, Raza Sayani, Muhammad Anwar, Tanveer-Ul-Haq, Nauman Al-Qamari, Muhammad Asif Bilal
Outcome Of Radiologically Placed Tunneled Haemodialysis Catheters, Raza Sayani, Muhammad Anwar, Tanveer-Ul-Haq, Nauman Al-Qamari, Muhammad Asif Bilal
Department of Radiology
Objective: To study the outcome of radiologically placed double lumen tunneled haemodialysis catheters for the management of renal failure.STUDY Design: Case series.PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Interventional Suite of Radiology Department at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from April 2010 to June 2011.METHODOLOGY: All consecutive patients who were referred to the department of radiology by the nephrologists for double lumen tunneled haemodialysis catheter (Permacath) placement during the study period were included. Patients with septicemia, those for whom follow-up was not available, those coming for catheter exchange or who died due to a noncatheter related condition were excluded. A radio-opaque, …
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Ten Year Experience At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan., Abid Laghari, Aamir Hameed, K. Kazmi
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Ten Year Experience At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan., Abid Laghari, Aamir Hameed, K. Kazmi
Department of Medicine
Background: There is very little literature regarding peripartum cardiomyopathy from the Asian countries. We conducted this study to determine demographic details, clinical presentations, complications and recovery of left ventricular (LV) systolic function in peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCMP) patients of Pakistani origin.
Method: A ten year retrospective case series of PPCMP was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital. Patients were also followed up for six months after presentation, with special regard to improvement in the LV function.
Results: Total 45 patients were included, 25 (55.5%) primigravida and 8 (17.7%) gravida 2 and the remaining 12 (26.6%) were multigravida. Fourteen patients (31.1%) …
The Impact Of Caring For Children With Mental Retardation On Families As Perceived By Mothers In Karachi, Pakistan., Arusa Lakhani, Irma Gavino, Aisha Yousafzai
The Impact Of Caring For Children With Mental Retardation On Families As Perceived By Mothers In Karachi, Pakistan., Arusa Lakhani, Irma Gavino, Aisha Yousafzai
School of Nursing & Midwifery
OBJECTIVE:
To assess how families perceive the positive and negative impacts of caring for a child with mental retardation.
METHODS:
The quantitative descriptive study was conducted from January to August 2007 and comprised 54 families attending a private day-care centre for children with special needs in Karachi, Pakistan. The Kansas Inventory of Parental Perceptions was used to assess mothers' perceptions on the impact of caring for a child with mental retardation. Positive contributions, social comparisons with others, understanding of disability and perception of control were assessed. SPSS 16 was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS:
Mothers reported positive contribution to family …
Comparing Papanicolau Smear, Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid And Human Papillomavirus Cervical Cancer Screening Methods Among Hiv-Positive Women By Immune Status And Antiretroviral Therapy, Michael Chung, K. P. Mckenzie, H. D. Vuyst, B. A. Richardson, Farzana Rana, R. Pamnani, J. W. Njoroge, E. Nyongesa-Malava, S. R. Sakr, G. C. John-Stewart, N. R. Mugo
Comparing Papanicolau Smear, Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid And Human Papillomavirus Cervical Cancer Screening Methods Among Hiv-Positive Women By Immune Status And Antiretroviral Therapy, Michael Chung, K. P. Mckenzie, H. D. Vuyst, B. A. Richardson, Farzana Rana, R. Pamnani, J. W. Njoroge, E. Nyongesa-Malava, S. R. Sakr, G. C. John-Stewart, N. R. Mugo
Internal Medicine, East Africa
Background: A rigorous comparison of cervical cancer screening methods utilizing data on immune status, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and colposcopy-directed biopsy has not been performed among HIV-positive women.
Methods: Between June and November 2009, 500 HIV-positive women were enrolled at an HIV treatment clinic in Nairobi, Kenya, and underwent Papanicolau (Pap) smear, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), human papillomavirus (HPV) and colposcopydirected biopsy (gold standard). Positive Pap smear (ASCUS, LSIL, HSIL), VIA, HPV and their combinations were compared with CIN2/3+. Sensitivity, specificity and AUC (sensitivity and 1-specificity) were compared using pairwise tests and multivariate logistic regression models that included age, …
Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Prospective Cohort Study From Pakistan, Abdul Sattar Shaikh, Ali Faisal Saleem, Shazia Samad Mohsin, Muhammad Matloob Alam, Mehnaz Atiq Ahmed
Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Prospective Cohort Study From Pakistan, Abdul Sattar Shaikh, Ali Faisal Saleem, Shazia Samad Mohsin, Muhammad Matloob Alam, Mehnaz Atiq Ahmed
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Objectives: To identify anthracycline-induced acute (within 1 month) and early-onset chronic progressive (within 1 year) cardiotoxicity in children younger than 16 years of age with childhood malignancies at a tertiary care centre of Pakistan.
Design: Prospective cohort study.
Setting: Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Participants: 110 children (aged 1 month–16 years).
Intervention: Anthracycline (doxorubicin and/or daunorubicin).
Outcome measurements: All children who received anthracycline as chemotherapy and three echocardiographic evaluations (baseline, 1 month and 1 year) between July 2010 and June 2012 were prospectively analysed for cardiac dysfunction. Statistical analysis including systolic and diastolic functions at baseline, 1 month and 1 …
Love And Belonging: Strategies To Help Mentally Ill Patients, Shirin Rahim
Love And Belonging: Strategies To Help Mentally Ill Patients, Shirin Rahim
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Love and belonging is a concept, used by Abraham Maslow (a humanistic psychologist) in his motivation theory. Love and belonging is one of the human needs in Maslow's hierarchy and required to be fulfilled in order to achieve self-actualization. According to Lisbeth (2003) “Because of the social nature of humans and the long developmental period from birth to adulthood, the need for love and belonging is closely linked to the need for survival” (p.128). If a child is left with unmet need of love and belonging he may feel difficulties in forming lasting relations in future also and may get …
A Literature Review About Effectiveness Of Massage Therapy For Cancer Pain., Salima Somani, Saima Merchant, Sharifa Bashir Lalani
A Literature Review About Effectiveness Of Massage Therapy For Cancer Pain., Salima Somani, Saima Merchant, Sharifa Bashir Lalani
School of Nursing & Midwifery
This literature review explores the effectiveness of massage therapy to reduce cancer pain. As part of the review, systematic literature search was carried out on various electronic databases and specialised journals. Included are 19 research-based articles and 8 review articles. The review suggests that cancer has become a common health problem in the world and most of the cancer patients are going through intense and unbearable pain. Studies have reported that most of the cancer patients' pain reduced with therapeutic massage. Seventy-three per cent of cancer patients use massage therapy in the USA. Few studies are available in the context …
Psychosocial Experiences Of Women With Vesicovaginal Fistula: A Qualitative Approach., Farah Naz Farid, Maimoona Azhar, Sunil Sadruddin Samnani, Saleema Allana, Angeela Naz, Farzana Bohar, Shershah Syed
Psychosocial Experiences Of Women With Vesicovaginal Fistula: A Qualitative Approach., Farah Naz Farid, Maimoona Azhar, Sunil Sadruddin Samnani, Saleema Allana, Angeela Naz, Farzana Bohar, Shershah Syed
Department of Surgery
Abstract
Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is a condition associated with a number of physical and psychological consequences. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the issues faced by women diagnosed with VVF, a qualitative exploratory study was carried out to explore the experiences of women suffering from VVF. The study included 8 women hospitalized with the diagnosis of vesicovaginal fistula at Kohi Goth Women's Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Semi structured interviews of each participant were conducted, recorded, and transcribed. Five major themes were identified, among which all of the participants experienced physical discomforts, psychological disturbances, issues with social and interpersonal relationships …
Soothing The Threatened Brain: Leveraging Contact Comfort With Emotionally Focused Therapy, Susan M. Johnson, Melissa Burgess Moser, Lane Beckes, Andra Smith, Rebecca Halchuk, Karen Hasselmo, Paul S. Greenman, Zul Merali, James A. Coan
Soothing The Threatened Brain: Leveraging Contact Comfort With Emotionally Focused Therapy, Susan M. Johnson, Melissa Burgess Moser, Lane Beckes, Andra Smith, Rebecca Halchuk, Karen Hasselmo, Paul S. Greenman, Zul Merali, James A. Coan
Brain and Mind Institute
Social relationships are tightly linked to health and well-being. Recent work suggests that social relationships can even serve vital emotion regulation functions by minimizing threat-related neural activity. But relationship distress remains a significant public health problem in North America and elsewhere. A promising approach to helping couples both resolve relationship distress and nurture effective interpersonal functioning is Emotionally Focused Therapy for couples (EFT), a manualized, empirically supported therapy that is strongly focused on repairing adult attachment bonds. We sought to examine a neural index of social emotion regulation as a potential mediator of the effects of EFT. Specifically, we examined …
Maternal Anaemia And Duration Of Zidovudine In Antiretroviral Regimens For Preventing Mother-To-Child Transmission: A Randomized Trial In Three African Countries, Benn K.D. Sartorius, Matthew F. Chersich, Mary Mwaura, Nicolas Meda, Marleen Temmerman, Marie Louise Newell, Timothy M. M. Farley, Stanley Luchters, The Kesho Bora Study Group
Maternal Anaemia And Duration Of Zidovudine In Antiretroviral Regimens For Preventing Mother-To-Child Transmission: A Randomized Trial In Three African Countries, Benn K.D. Sartorius, Matthew F. Chersich, Mary Mwaura, Nicolas Meda, Marleen Temmerman, Marie Louise Newell, Timothy M. M. Farley, Stanley Luchters, The Kesho Bora Study Group
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa
Background: Although substantiated by little evidence, concerns about zidovudine-related anaemia in pregnancy have influenced antiretroviral (ARV) regimen choice for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, especially in settings where anaemia is common.
Methods: Eligible HIV-infected pregnant women in Burkina Faso, Kenya and South Africa were followed from 28 weeks of pregnancy until 12–24 months after delivery (n = 1070). Women with a CD4 count of 200-500cells/mm3 and gestational age 28–36 weeks were randomly assigned to zidovudine-containing triple-ARV prophylaxis continued during breastfeeding up to 6-months, or to zidovudine during pregnancy plus single-dose nevirapine (sd-NVP) at labour. Additionally, two cohorts were …
Importance Of Clinical Toxicology Teaching And Its Impact In Improving Knowledge: Sharing Experience From A Workshop, Nadeem Ullah Khan, Jabeen Fayyaz, Uzma Rahim Khan, Asher Feroze
Importance Of Clinical Toxicology Teaching And Its Impact In Improving Knowledge: Sharing Experience From A Workshop, Nadeem Ullah Khan, Jabeen Fayyaz, Uzma Rahim Khan, Asher Feroze
Department of Emergency Medicine
Objective: To assess the impact of a one-day clinical toxicology workshop in improving knowledge.Methods: A one-day clinical toxicology workshop was conducted as a pre-conference workshop of the Annual Emergency Medicine Conference at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, in April 2012. The course was composed of poisoning-related common clinical scenarios. The pre-test and post-test understanding was used to assess the impact of the course in improving knowledge. The participants also evaluated the workshop as a whole thorough written evaluation forms. SPSS 19 was ued for statistical analysis of the data.RESULT: There were 22 participants in the course. The pre-test mean …
Incidence And Outcome Of Small For Gestational Age Fetuses: An Experience From A Secondary Care Hospital, Riffat Bano, Nousheen Asim, Ammara Mushtaq, Mehreen Adhi, Noureen Afzal
Incidence And Outcome Of Small For Gestational Age Fetuses: An Experience From A Secondary Care Hospital, Riffat Bano, Nousheen Asim, Ammara Mushtaq, Mehreen Adhi, Noureen Afzal
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
The objective of the study was to determine the frequency and outcome of Small for Gestational Age (SGA) foetuses, and its association with the mode of delivery, foetal birthweight, maternal age and gestational age. It was a hospital-based descriptive study, conducted at Aga Khan Hospital for Women, Karachi, from January 2009 to December 2010. Mode of deliveries, foetal birthweight, maternal age and gestational age of SGA foetuses were recorded and analszed. Of a total of 6024 deliveries during the study period, 722(11.98%) had SGA foetuses. Maternal age in such cased ranged between 20-40 years in 588(81.44%), while 406(56.23%) of these …