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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Xk Aprosencephaly And Anencephaly In Sibs, Phillip Townes, Karen Reuter, E. Rosquete, B. Magee
Xk Aprosencephaly And Anencephaly In Sibs, Phillip Townes, Karen Reuter, E. Rosquete, B. Magee
B. Dale Magee
Recent studies have suggested a causal and pathogenetic relationship between holoprosencephaly and anencephaly. In support of the proposed relationship we report a sibship that includes anencephalic male twins and a female infant with a severe form of alobar holoprosencephaly, radial aplasia, and oligodactyly. The upper limb and brain malformations are considered to represent aprosencephaly syndrome. The coexistence of anencephaly and aprosencephaly within a sibship suggests that XK aprosencephaly syndrome may be an autosomal recessive disorder.
30-Year Trends In Patient Characteristics, Treatment Practices, And Long-Term Outcomes Of Adults Aged 35 To 54 Years Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction, Mayra Tisminetzky, David Mcmanus, Joel Gore, Jorge Yarzebski, Andrew Coles, Darleen Lessard, Robert Goldberg
30-Year Trends In Patient Characteristics, Treatment Practices, And Long-Term Outcomes Of Adults Aged 35 To 54 Years Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction, Mayra Tisminetzky, David Mcmanus, Joel Gore, Jorge Yarzebski, Andrew Coles, Darleen Lessard, Robert Goldberg
Jorge L. Yarzebski
Much of our knowledge about the characteristics, clinical management, and postdischarge outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is derived from clinical studies in middle-aged and older subjects with little contemporary information available about the descriptive epidemiology of AMI in relatively young men and women. The objectives of our population-based study were to describe >3-decade-long trends in the clinical features, treatment practices, and long-term outcomes of young adults aged 35 to 54 years discharged from the hospital after AMI. The study population consisted of 2,142 residents of the Worcester (Massachusetts) metropolitan area who were hospitalized with AMI at all central Massachusetts …
Thirty-Year (1975 To 2005) Trends In The Incidence Rates, Clinical Features, Treatment Practices, And Short-Term Outcomes Of Patients [Less Than] 55 Years Of Age Hospitalized With An Initial Acute Myocardial Infarction, David Mcmanus, Stephen Piacentine, Darleen Lessard, Joel Gore, Jorge Yarzebski, Frederick Spencer, Robert Goldberg
Thirty-Year (1975 To 2005) Trends In The Incidence Rates, Clinical Features, Treatment Practices, And Short-Term Outcomes Of Patients [Less Than] 55 Years Of Age Hospitalized With An Initial Acute Myocardial Infarction, David Mcmanus, Stephen Piacentine, Darleen Lessard, Joel Gore, Jorge Yarzebski, Frederick Spencer, Robert Goldberg
Jorge L. Yarzebski
Sparse data are available describing recent trends in the magnitude, clinical features, treatment practices, and outcomes of comparatively young adults hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The objectives of this population-based study were to describe 3 decade-long trends (1975 to 2005) in these end points in adults 1,703 residents of the Worcester (Massachusetts) metropolitan area 25 to 54 years of age who were hospitalized with initial AMIs at all central Massachusetts medical centers during 15 annual periods from 1975 through 2005. Overall hospital incidence rate (per 100,000 residents) of initial AMI in our study population was 66 (95% confidence interval …
A 25-Year Perspective Into The Changing Landscape Of Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction (The Worcester Heart Attack Study), Robert Goldberg, Frederick Spencer, Jorge Yarzebski, Darleen Lessard, Joel Gore, Joseph Alpert, James Dalen
A 25-Year Perspective Into The Changing Landscape Of Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction (The Worcester Heart Attack Study), Robert Goldberg, Frederick Spencer, Jorge Yarzebski, Darleen Lessard, Joel Gore, Joseph Alpert, James Dalen
Jorge L. Yarzebski
Over the past several decades, significant advances have been made in the primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease. However, effects of changing lifestyle and treatment practices on demographic and clinical profiles and on hospital outcomes of patients who present with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have not been well characterized. We carried out a prospective population-based investigation of >25-year trends (1975 to 2001) in demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment practices, and hospital outcomes of patients who had been hospitalized with AMI. Residents of a metropolitan area (Worcester, Massachusetts) who had been hospitalized with validated AMI (n = 10,440) in …
Management And Outcomes Of Renal Disease And Acute Myocardial Infarction, Paul Santolucito, Dennis Tighe, David Mcmanus, Jorge Yarzebski, Darleen Lessard, Joel Gore, Robert Goldberg
Management And Outcomes Of Renal Disease And Acute Myocardial Infarction, Paul Santolucito, Dennis Tighe, David Mcmanus, Jorge Yarzebski, Darleen Lessard, Joel Gore, Robert Goldberg
Jorge L. Yarzebski
BACKGROUND: Contemporary trends in the management and outcomes of chronic kidney disease patients who develop an acute myocardial infarction have not been adequately described, particularly from the more generalizable perspective of a population-based investigation. METHODS: The study population consisted of 6219 residents of the Worcester, Massachusetts, metropolitan area who were hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction in 6 annual periods between 1995 and 2005. Patients were categorized as having preserved kidney function (n=3154), mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (n=2313), or severe chronic kidney disease (n=752) at the time of hospital admission. RESULTS: Patients with chronic kidney disease were more likely …
Dibutyryl-Camp Modulation Of Receptor Expression And Antigen Presentation Capacity In Monocyte Subpopulations, Gyongyi Szabo, Karen Kodys, Carol Miller-Graziano
Dibutyryl-Camp Modulation Of Receptor Expression And Antigen Presentation Capacity In Monocyte Subpopulations, Gyongyi Szabo, Karen Kodys, Carol Miller-Graziano
Gyongyi Szabo
Monocyte phenotype heterogeneity is often associated with functional differences between the distinguished Mphi subpopulations. We have previously demonstrated that the Mphi subpopulation separated and stimulated by rosetting Mphi via the Type I Fc gamma R (CD64) are poor antigen presenting cells but can be induced to greater production of TNF alpha, IL-6 and PGE2 than the Fc gamma RI- Mphi population. Here we demonstrate that the Fc gamma RI- Mphi represent the major antigen presenting Mphi population and that APC capacity of the FcRI- Mphi can be further increased by elevating intracellular cAMP levels. Treatment of the Fc gamma RI+ …
Mechanisms Of Altered Monocyte Prostaglandin E2 Production In Severely Injured Patients, Carol Miller-Graziano, Mitchell Fink, Jia-Yan Wu, Gyongyi Szabo, Karen Kodys
Mechanisms Of Altered Monocyte Prostaglandin E2 Production In Severely Injured Patients, Carol Miller-Graziano, Mitchell Fink, Jia-Yan Wu, Gyongyi Szabo, Karen Kodys
Gyongyi Szabo
Monocytes from immunosuppressed trauma (11 patients) and burn (12 patients) patients stimulated with muramyl dipeptide, a potent prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretagogue, showed twofold greater PGE2 production compared with normal controls or immunocompetent patients. Monocyte plasminogen activator production was markedly depressed and inversely correlated to patients' monocyte hyper PGE2 production. Levels of the PGE2-producing monocyte subset (selected as high-affinity Fc+ receptors) were progressively elevated after injury in immunosuppressed patients, reaching 65% to 80% of the total monocyte population (39% for normal controls). Although early T-suppressor (Ts) lymphocytes did not augment monocyte PGE2 secretion, Ts lymphocytes that appeared late (greater than 12 …
Acute Alcohol Consumption Attenuates Interleukin-8 (Il-8) And Monocyte Chemoattractant Peptide-1 (Mcp-1) Induction In Response To Ex Vivo Stimulation, Gyongyi Szabo, Sangeeta Chavan, Pranoti Mandrekar, Donna Catalano
Acute Alcohol Consumption Attenuates Interleukin-8 (Il-8) And Monocyte Chemoattractant Peptide-1 (Mcp-1) Induction In Response To Ex Vivo Stimulation, Gyongyi Szabo, Sangeeta Chavan, Pranoti Mandrekar, Donna Catalano
Gyongyi Szabo
No abstract provided.
Acute Ethanol Consumption Synergizes With Trauma To Increase Monocyte Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production Late Postinjury, Gyongyi Szabo, Pranoti Mandrekar, Bikash Verma, Ann Isaac, Donna Catalano
Acute Ethanol Consumption Synergizes With Trauma To Increase Monocyte Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production Late Postinjury, Gyongyi Szabo, Pranoti Mandrekar, Bikash Verma, Ann Isaac, Donna Catalano
Gyongyi Szabo
The hypothesis that acute ethanol uptake plus trauma can synergize to increase immunosuppression was tested. We found that, unlike non-alcohol-exposed patients, patients with acute alcohol use prior to trauma have a transient decrease in monocyte tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) production during the very early postinjury (0-3 days) period. However, TNF alpha production by these alcohol-exposed patients' monocytes (M0) became hyperelevated late postinjury (> 9 days). Consequently, these massively elevated M0 TNF alpha levels can contribute to posttrauma immunosuppression after acute alcohol use. We also demonstrate that normal monocyte activation with the superantigen, Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB), results in …
Down-Regulation Of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Activity By Acute Ethanol Treatment In Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes, Bikash Verma, Miklos Fogarasi, Gyongyi Szabo
Down-Regulation Of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Activity By Acute Ethanol Treatment In Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes, Bikash Verma, Miklos Fogarasi, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
As the most commonly used drug that can modulate both metabolic and immune pathways, ethanol is evaluated in this report as a regulator of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) production in human peripheral blood monocytes (M phi) in combination with a variety of stimuli. While acute ethanol treatment did not induce TNF alpha in M phi, it was a potent down-regulator of M phi TNF alpha production whether induced by the combination of interferon-gamma plus muramyl dipeptide (MDP) (P < 0.001), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone (P < 0.01), or interferon-gamma plus LPS. Down-regulation of M phi TNF alpha by ethanol was dose dependent and statistically significant in the biologically relevant, 25-150 mM, ethanol concentration range. We also demonstrate that these ethanol concentrations did not affect M phi viability. TNF alpha down-regulation by ethanol was most effective when ethanol was administered 4 hr prior to MDP stimulation; however, it was also effective--though to a lesser extent--if it was added at the time of MDP stimulation. Furthermore, ethanol also down-regulated TNF alpha production of the in vivo preactivated M phi of trauma patients, which produce hyperelevated levels of TNF alpha. We have previously shown that the majority of posttrauma elevated M phi TNF alpha is produced by the M phi subpopulation expressing high-affinity type I Fc gamma receptors (Fc gamma RI). When the Fc gamma RI cross-linking-stimulated M phi subpopulation was treated with acute ethanol, TNF alpha production was suppressed again both in in vivo preactivated M phi of trauma patients and in M phi of normal controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acute Alcohol Consumption Inhibits Accessory Cell Function Of Monocytes And Dendritic Cells, Gyongyi Szabo, Donna Catalano, Bernadette White, Pranoti Mandrekar
Acute Alcohol Consumption Inhibits Accessory Cell Function Of Monocytes And Dendritic Cells, Gyongyi Szabo, Donna Catalano, Bernadette White, Pranoti Mandrekar
Gyongyi Szabo
BACKGROUND: Alcohol affects both innate and acquired immune responses. Chronic alcoholics have reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity response and increased susceptibility to infections. In contrast, recent studies suggest that acute, moderate alcohol consumption has protective effects on mortality. Monocytes and dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in coordination of innate and adaptive immune responses and are pivotal in activation of T lymphocytes in an antigen-specific manner. In this study, we investigated the effects of acute, moderate alcohol consumption on antigen presenting cell function of blood monocytes and monocyte-derived myeloid dendritic cells. METHODS: Accessory cell function of human blood monocytes was tested …
Moderate Alcohol Intake In Humans Attenuates Monocyte Inflammatory Responses: Inhibition Of Nuclear Regulatory Factor Kappa B And Induction Of Interleukin 10, Pranoti Mandrekar, Donna Catalano, Bernadette White, Gyongyi Szabo
Moderate Alcohol Intake In Humans Attenuates Monocyte Inflammatory Responses: Inhibition Of Nuclear Regulatory Factor Kappa B And Induction Of Interleukin 10, Pranoti Mandrekar, Donna Catalano, Bernadette White, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
BACKGROUND: In contrast to the deleterious effects of chronic excessive alcohol consumption on the liver and cardiovascular system, modest alcohol intake, such as 1 to 2 drinks per day, has benefits on cardiovascular mortality. Little is known about the length of time or the amounts of alcohol consumed that may cause alterations in inflammatory cells such as monocytes that are crucial to atherosclerotic vascular disease. Here, we determine in vivo effects of acute alcohol consumption on inflammatory cytokine production and nuclear regulatory factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) binding in human monocytes. METHODS: Human blood monocytes were isolated by plastic adherence before and …