Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Exploring The Role Of The Solvent In The Denaturation Of A Protein: A Molecular Dynamics Study Of The Dna Binding Domain Of The 434 Repressor, Celia Schiffer, Volker Dötsch, Kurt Wuthrich, Wilfred Van Gunsteren

Celia A. Schiffer

Molecular dynamics simulations of the DNA binding domain of 434 repressor are presented which aim at unraveling the role of solvent in protein denaturation. Four altered solvent models, each mimicking various possible aspects of the addition of a denaturant to the aqueous solvent, were used in the simulations to analyze their effects on the stability of the protein. The solvent was altered by selectively changing the Coulombic interaction between water and protein atoms and between different water molecules. The use of a modified solvent model has the advantage of mimicking the presence of denaturant without having denaturant molecules present in …

Long-Term Trends In Short-Term Outcomes In Acute Myocardial Infarction, Hoa Nguyen, Jane Saczynski, Joel Gore, Molly Waring, Darleen Lessard, Jorge Yarzebski, George Reed, Frederick Spencer, Shu-Xia Li, Robert Goldberg

Jorge L. Yarzebski

BACKGROUND: The objectives of this study were to examine the magnitude of, and 20-year trends in, age differences in short-term outcomes among men and women hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in central Massachusetts.

METHODS: The study population consisted of 5907 male and 4406 female residents of the Worcester, MA, metropolitan area hospitalized at all greater Worcester medical centers with AMI between 1986 and 2005.

RESULTS: Overall, among both men and women, older patients were significantly more likely to have developed atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and to have died during hospitalization and within 30 days after admission compared with patients …

Targeting Diseases Beyond Our Borders, Richard Wamai

Richard G. Wamai

No abstract provided.

Pressure Pain Threshold Testing Demonstrates Predictive Ability In People With Acute Whiplash., David Walton

David Walton

No abstract provided.

'How To Contain Generalized Hiv Epidemics' Article Misconstrues The Evidence, Richard Wamai, B. Morris

Richard G. Wamai

No abstract provided.

Aids, Social Work, And The "Duty To Protect", Frederic Reamer

Frederic G Reamer

This article discusses social workers' obligation in cases where clients with aquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pose a threat to a third party. Emphasis is on cases where a client diagnosed with AIDS withholds that information from a sexual partner. Legal and ethical issues concerning the limits of confidentiality and the social worker's "duty to protect" third parties are reviewed. Relevant case law and emerging ethical standards in various professions are summarized. The author reviews legal precedents concerning disclosure of confidential information without a client's permission and discusses their relevance to AIDS cases. Implications and guidelines for social workers are …

Aids And Ethics, Frederic Reamer

Frederic G Reamer

The seriousness of the AIDS crisis is well known. Since the first case was documented in Los Angeles in 1981, the media have been filled with research updates, documentaries, and exposes on the dreaded disorder. Reports and case studies have ranged from informative to sensational. They have included serious academic studies, educational overviews targeted for the general public, and columns in weekly tabliods.

Aids And Social Work, Frederic Reamer

Frederic G Reamer

Social workers are becoming increasingly involved in casework and social policy debate related to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) crisis. To enhance their delivery of services and contribution to policy formulation, social workers need to be familiar with a wide range of ethical and civil liberties issues that have been generated by the AIDS epidemic. This article provides an overview of six major ethical and civil liberties issues pertaining to social work practice related to AIDS: (1) mandatory screening and testing of clients for the immunodeficiency virus (HIV), (2) client access to health insurance, (3) professionals' duty to treat …

Does Inorganic Mercury Play A Role In Alzheimer's Disease? A Systematic Review And An Integrated Molecular Mechanism, Joachim Mutter, Annika Curth, Johannes Naumann, Richard Deth, Harald Walach

Richard Deth

Mercury is one of the most toxic substances known to humans. It has been introduced into the human environment and has also been widely used in medicine. Since circumstantial evidence exists that the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) might be in part caused or exacerbated by inorganic mercury, we conducted a systematic review using a comprehensive search strategy. Studies were screened according to a predefined protocol. Two reviewers extracted relevant data independent of each other. One thousand and forty one references were scrutinized, and 106 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Most studies were case control or comparative cohort studies. Thirty-two …

Circumcision Denialism Unfounded And Unscientific, Joya Banerjee, Jeffrey Klausner, Daniel Halperin, Richard Wamai, Edgar Schoen, Stephen Moses, Brian Morris, Stefan Bailis, Francois Venter, Neil Martinson, Thomas Coates, Glenda Gray, Kasonde Bowa

Richard G. Wamai

No abstract provided.

Advising Patients To Increase Fluid Intake For Treating Acute Respiratory Infections, Michelle Guppy, Sharon Mickan, Chris Del Mar, Sarah Thorning

Sarah Thorning

Background
Acute respiratory infection is a common reason for people to present for medical care. Advice to increase fluid intake is a frequent treatment recommendation. Attributed benefits of fluids include replacing increased insensible fluid losses, correcting dehydration from reduced intake and reducing the viscosity of mucus. However, there are theoretical reasons for increased fluid intake to cause harm. Anti-diuretic hormone secretion is increased in lower respiratory tract infections of various aetiologies. This systematic examination of the evidence sought to determine the benefit versus harm from increasing fluid intake.

Objectives
To answer the following questions.
(1)Does recommending increased fluid intake as …

30-Year Trends In Heart Failure In Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction, David Mcmanus, Marcello Chinali, Jane Saczynski, Joel Gore, Jorge Yarzebski, Frederick Spencer, Darleen Lessard, Robert Goldberg

Jorge L. Yarzebski

Despite significant advances in its treatment, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains an important cause of heart failure (HF). Contemporary data remain lacking, however, describing long-term trends in incidence rates, demographic and clinical profiles, and outcomes of patients who develop HF as a complication of AMI. Our study sample consisted of 11,061 residents of the Worcester (Massachusetts) metropolitan area hospitalized with AMI at all greater Worcester hospitals in 15 annual study periods from 1975 to 2005. Overall, 32.4% of patients (n = 3,582) with AMI developed new-onset HF during their acute hospitalization. Patients who developed HF were generally older, more likely …

Recent Trends In The Incidence, Treatment, And Outcomes Of Patients With Stemi And Nstemi, David Mcmanus, Joel Gore, Jorge Yarzebski, Frederick Spencer, Darleen Lessard, Robert Goldberg

Jorge L. Yarzebski

BACKGROUND: despite the widespread use of electrocardiographic changes to characterize patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction, little is known about recent trends in the incidence rates, treatment, and outcomes of patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction further classified according to the presence of ST-segment elevation. The objectives of this population-based study were to examine recent trends in the incidence and death rates associated with the 2 major types of acute myocardial infarction in residents of a large central Massachusetts metropolitan area. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 5383 residents of the Worcester (MA) metropolitan area hospitalized for either ST-segment …

Declining Length Of Stay For Patients Hospitalized With Ami: Impact On Mortality And Readmissions, Jane Saczynski, Darleen Lessard, Frederick Spencer, Jerry Gurwitz, Joel Gore, Jorge Yarzebski, Robert Goldberg

Jorge L. Yarzebski

BACKGROUND: Length of hospital stay after acute myocardial infarction decreased significantly in the 1980s and 1990s. Whether length of stay has continued to decrease during the 2000s, and the impact of decreasing length of stay on rehospitalization and mortality, is unclear. We describe decade-long (1995-2005) trends in length of stay after acute myocardial infarction, and examine whether declining length of stay has impacted early rehospitalization and postdischarge mortality in a population-based sample of hospitalized patients.

METHODS: The study sample consisted of 4184 patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction in a central New England metropolitan area during 6 annual periods (1995, …

Management And Outcomes Of Renal Disease And Acute Myocardial Infarction, Paul Santolucito, Dennis Tighe, David Mcmanus, Jorge Yarzebski, Darleen Lessard, Joel Gore, Robert Goldberg

Jorge L. Yarzebski

BACKGROUND: Contemporary trends in the management and outcomes of chronic kidney disease patients who develop an acute myocardial infarction have not been adequately described, particularly from the more generalizable perspective of a population-based investigation. METHODS: The study population consisted of 6219 residents of the Worcester, Massachusetts, metropolitan area who were hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction in 6 annual periods between 1995 and 2005. Patients were categorized as having preserved kidney function (n=3154), mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (n=2313), or severe chronic kidney disease (n=752) at the time of hospital admission. RESULTS: Patients with chronic kidney disease were more likely …

How Do We ‘See’ Occupations? An Examination Of Visual Research Methodologies In The Study Of Human Occupation, L. Hartman, A. Mandich, L. Magalhaes, Treena Orchard

Dr. Treena Orchard

This article argues that visual research methodologies have potential to contribute to the study of occupation. The use of visual research methodologies is quickly growing in a number of disciplines and can help researchers to access information and reasoning not accessible through interview, log or survey. The reflexive, reflective, engaged process of creating and analysing visual materials allows for rich representations on behalf of participants, and immersion in the data on the part of researchers. This paper explores photovoice, body mapping and textual analysis of visual materials to understand how they can contribute to occupational science research. These methods were …

Retention In Care And Connection To Care Among Hiv-Infected Patients On Antiretroviral Therapy In Africa: Estimation Via A Sampling-Based Approach, Elvin Geng

Elvin H Geng

No abstract provided.

Retention In Care For Hiv-Infected Patients In Resource-Limited Settings: Challenges And Opportunities, Elvin Geng

Elvin H Geng

No abstract provided.

Trends In Hiv-Infected Patients Accessing Antiretroviral Therapy In Kenya, Uganda And Tanzania Between 2002 And 2009, Elvin Geng

Elvin H Geng

No abstract provided.

Correcting Mortality For Loss To Follow-Up: A Nomogram Applied To Antiretroviral Treatment Programmes In Sub-Saharan Africa, Elvin Geng

Elvin H Geng

No abstract provided.

Health Development Experiences In Haiti: What Can Be Learned From The Past To Find A Way Forward?, Richard Wamai, Colleen Larkin

Richard G. Wamai

Haiti’s history is marred by neo colonialism, structural violence, dictatorial politics, and severe natural disasters. These social political and geo-ecological factors have played a strong role in shaping the country’s past and current experiences in health and development. This paper overviews Haiti’s recent developments in health in light of the country’s tragic and complex history and comments on the health impact of the 2010 earthquake. In light of this information we draw some general conclusions and recommendations for going forward.