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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Alcohol And Hcv: Implications For Liver Cancer, Gyongyi Szabo, Banishree Saha, Terence Bukong
Alcohol And Hcv: Implications For Liver Cancer, Gyongyi Szabo, Banishree Saha, Terence Bukong
Gyongyi Szabo
Liver cancers are one of the deadliest known malignancies which are increasingly becoming a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Overwhelming evidence suggests a strong role of infection with hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV), alcohol abuse, as well as metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes either individually or synergistically to cause or exacerbate the development of liver cancers. Although numerous etiologic mechanisms for liver cancer development have been advanced and well characterized, the lack of definite curative treatments means that gaps in knowledge still exist in identifying key molecular mechanisms and pathways …
A Novel Human Radixin Peptide Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus Infection At The Level Of Cell Entry, Terence Bukong, Karen Kodys, Gyongyi Szabo
A Novel Human Radixin Peptide Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus Infection At The Level Of Cell Entry, Terence Bukong, Karen Kodys, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
Hepatitis C virus infection of hepatocytes is a multistep process involving the interaction between viral and host cell molecules. Recently, we identified ezrin-moesin-radixin proteins and spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) as important host therapeutic targets for HCV treatment development. Previously, an ezrin hinge region peptide (Hep1) has been shown to exert anti-HCV properties in vivo, though its mechanism of action remains limited. In search of potential novel inhibitors of HCV infection and their functional mechanism we analyzed the anti-HCV properties of different human derived radixin peptides. Sixteen different radixin peptides were derived, synthesized and tested. Real-time quantitative PCR, cell toxicity assay, …
The Genetics Of Hepatitis C Virus Underlie Its Ability To Escape Humoral Immunity, Jay Kolls, Gyongyi Szabo
The Genetics Of Hepatitis C Virus Underlie Its Ability To Escape Humoral Immunity, Jay Kolls, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, and efforts to develop therapeutic vaccine strategies have been limited by immune escape due to HCV variants that are resistant to current vaccines or HCV variants that rapidly acquire new resistance-conferring mutations. Recently, the crystal structure of the viral envelope protein E2 region was resolved as well as how E2 docks to the host CD81 protein; therefore, antibodies that block this interaction should prevent viral entry into host cells. In this issue of the JCI, Bailey and colleagues show that immune escape of HCV can occur by naturally …
Gut-Liver Axis In Alcoholic Liver Disease, Gyongyi Szabo
Gut-Liver Axis In Alcoholic Liver Disease, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has been among the leading causes of cirrhosis and liver-related death worldwide for decades. Early discoveries in alcoholic liver disease identified increased levels of bacterial endotoxin in the portal circulation, suggesting a role for gut-derived toxins in ALD. Indeed, alcohol consumption can disrupt the intestinal epithelial barrier and result in increased gut permeability that increasingly is recognized as a major factor in ALD. Bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide, is a prototypic microbe-derived inflammatory signal that contributes to inflammation in ALD through activation of the Toll-like receptor 4. Recent studies also have shown that alcohol consumption is associated with …
Alcohol-Induced Mir-27a Regulates Differentiation And M2 Macrophage Polarization Of Normal Human Monocytes, Banishree Saha, Johanna Bruneau, Karen Kodys, Gyongyi Szabo
Alcohol-Induced Mir-27a Regulates Differentiation And M2 Macrophage Polarization Of Normal Human Monocytes, Banishree Saha, Johanna Bruneau, Karen Kodys, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
Alcohol abuse is a leading cause of liver disease characterized by liver inflammation, fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, or liver cirrhosis. Immunomodulatory effects of alcohol on monocytes and macrophages contribute to alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol use, an independent risk factor for progression of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection-mediated liver disease, impairs host defense and alters cytokine production and monocyte/macrophage activation. We hypothesized that alcohol and HCV have synergistic effects on the phenotype and function of monocytes. Our data show that acute alcohol binge drinking in healthy volunteers results in increased frequency of CD16(+) and CD68(+) and M2-type (CD206(+), dendritic cell [DC]-SIGN(+)-expressing …
Micrornas In Alcoholic Liver Disease, Gyongyi Szabo, Abhishek Satishchandran
Micrornas In Alcoholic Liver Disease, Gyongyi Szabo, Abhishek Satishchandran
Gyongyi Szabo
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by hepatocyte damage, inflammatory cell activation and increased intestinal permeability leading to the clinical manifestations of alcoholic hepatitis. Selected members of the family of microRNAs are affected by alcohol, resulting in an abnormal miRNA profile in the liver and circulation in ALD. Increasing evidence suggests that mRNAs that regulate inflammation, lipid metabolism and promote cancer are affected by excessive alcohol administration in mouse models of ALD. This communication highlights recent findings in miRNA expression and functions as they relate to the pathogenesis of ALD. The cell-specific distribution of miRNAs, as well as the significance …