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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Women's Health: Optimal Nutrition Throughout The Lifecycle, Edith J M Feskens, Regan Bailey, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Hans-Konrad Biesalski, Heather Eicher-Miller, Klaus Krämer, Wen-Harn Pan, James C. Griffiths
Women's Health: Optimal Nutrition Throughout The Lifecycle, Edith J M Feskens, Regan Bailey, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Hans-Konrad Biesalski, Heather Eicher-Miller, Klaus Krämer, Wen-Harn Pan, James C. Griffiths
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Sex differences are an important consideration when researching and establishing policies for nutrition and optimal health. For women's health, there are important physiologic, neurologic, and hormonal distinctions throughout the lifecycle that impact nutritional needs. Distinct from those for men, these nutritional needs must be translated into appropriate nutrition policy that aims to not only avoid overt nutritional deficiency, but also to promote health and minimize risk for chronic disease. Through a series of webinars, scientific experts discussed the advances in the understanding of the unique nutritional needs, challenges and opportunities of the various life stages for women across the life …
Distance From Healthcare Facilities Is Associated With Increased Morbidity Of Acute Infection In Pediatric Patients In Matiari, Pakistan, Elise Corden, Saman Hasan Siddiqui, Yash Sharma, Sheraz Ahmed, Fayyaz Umrani, Najeeb Rahman, Rafey Ali, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Syed Asad Ali, Sana Syed
Distance From Healthcare Facilities Is Associated With Increased Morbidity Of Acute Infection In Pediatric Patients In Matiari, Pakistan, Elise Corden, Saman Hasan Siddiqui, Yash Sharma, Sheraz Ahmed, Fayyaz Umrani, Najeeb Rahman, Rafey Ali, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Syed Asad Ali, Sana Syed
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
The relationship between environmental factors and child health is not well understood in rural Pakistan. This study characterized the environmental factors related to the morbidity of acute respiratory infections (ARIs), diarrhea, and growth using geographical information systems (GIS) technology. Anthropometric, address and disease prevalence data were collected through the SEEM (Study of Environmental Enteropathy and Malnutrition) study in Matiari, Pakistan. Publicly available map data were used to compile coordinates of healthcare facilities. A Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to calculate the correlation between distance from healthcare facilities and participant growth and morbidity. Other continuous variables influencing these …
Association Of Maternal Prenatal Selenium Concentration And Preterm Birth: A Multicountry Meta-Analysis, Nagendra Monangi, Huan Xu, Waqasuddin Khan, Furqan Kabir, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Aneeta Hotwani, Usma Mehmood, Ambreen Nizar, Javairia Khalid, Fyezah Jehan
Association Of Maternal Prenatal Selenium Concentration And Preterm Birth: A Multicountry Meta-Analysis, Nagendra Monangi, Huan Xu, Waqasuddin Khan, Furqan Kabir, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Aneeta Hotwani, Usma Mehmood, Ambreen Nizar, Javairia Khalid, Fyezah Jehan
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Background: Selenium (Se), an essential trace mineral, has been implicated in preterm birth (PTB). We aimed to determine the association of maternal Se concentrations during pregnancy with PTB risk and gestational duration in a large number of samples collected from diverse populations.
Methods: Gestational duration data and maternal plasma or serum samples of 9946 singleton live births were obtained from 17 geographically diverse study cohorts. Maternal Se concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis. The associations between maternal Se with PTB and gestational duration were analysed using logistic and linear regressions. The results were then combined using …
Anemia Among Women Of Reproductive Age: An Overview Of Global Burden, Trends, Determinants, And Drivers Of Progress In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Aatekah Owais, Catherine Merritt, Christopher Lee, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Anemia Among Women Of Reproductive Age: An Overview Of Global Burden, Trends, Determinants, And Drivers Of Progress In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Aatekah Owais, Catherine Merritt, Christopher Lee, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health
Relatively little progress has been made in reducing anemia prevalence among women of reproductive age (WRA anemia). Interventions, policies and programs aimed at reducing WRA anemia have the potential to improve overall not only women's, but also children's health and nutrition outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first review that aimed to compile evidence on the determinants and drivers of WRA anemia reduction in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We synthesized the available evidence on the determinants and drivers, including government policies and programs, of WRA anemia and their mitigation strategies across a wide range of countries and geographies, …
Delivering Nutrition Interventions To Women And Children In Conflict Settings: A Systematic Review, Shailja Shah, Zahra Ali Padhani, Daina Als, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Michelle F. Gaffey, Wardah Ahmed, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Sarah Meteke, Jai K. Das, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Delivering Nutrition Interventions To Women And Children In Conflict Settings: A Systematic Review, Shailja Shah, Zahra Ali Padhani, Daina Als, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Michelle F. Gaffey, Wardah Ahmed, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Sarah Meteke, Jai K. Das, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Woman and Child Health
Background: Low/middle-income countries (LMICs) face triple burden of malnutrition associated with infectious diseases, and non-communicable diseases. This review aims to synthesise the available data on the delivery, coverage, and effectiveness of the nutrition programmes for conflict affected women and children living in LMICs.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases and grey literature using terms related to conflict, population, and nutrition. We searched studies on women and children receiving nutrition-specific interventions during or within five years of a conflict in LMICs. We extracted information on population, intervention, and delivery characteristics, as well as delivery barriers and facilitators. Data …
Preconceptional Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplementation In 2 Low-Resource Countries Results In Distinctly Different Igf-1/Mtor Placental Responses, Marisol Castillo-Castrejon, Ivana V. Yang, Elizabeth J. Davidson, Sarah J. Borengasser, Purevsuren Jambal, Jamie Westcott, Jennifer F. Kemp, Ana Garces, Sumera Aziz Ali, Sarah Saleem
Preconceptional Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplementation In 2 Low-Resource Countries Results In Distinctly Different Igf-1/Mtor Placental Responses, Marisol Castillo-Castrejon, Ivana V. Yang, Elizabeth J. Davidson, Sarah J. Borengasser, Purevsuren Jambal, Jamie Westcott, Jennifer F. Kemp, Ana Garces, Sumera Aziz Ali, Sarah Saleem
Community Health Sciences
Background: Preconceptional maternal small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementation (SQLNS) improved intrauterine linear growth in low-resource countries as demonstrated by the Women First Preconception Maternal Nutrition Trial (WF). Fetal growth is dependent on nutrient availability and regulated by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) through changes in placental transfer capacity, mediated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway.
Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate the role of placental mTOR and IGF-1 signaling on fetal growth in women from 2 low-resource countries with high rates of stunting after they received preconceptional SQLNS.
Methods: We studied 48 women from preconception through delivery who were …
Drivers Of Stunting Reduction In Peru: A Country Case Study, Luis Huicho, Elisa Vidal-Cárdenas, Nadia Akseer, Samanpreet Brar, Kaitlin Conway, Muhammad Islam, Elisa Juarez, Aviva Rappaport, Hana Tasic, Tyler Vaivada, Jannah Wigle, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Drivers Of Stunting Reduction In Peru: A Country Case Study, Luis Huicho, Elisa Vidal-Cárdenas, Nadia Akseer, Samanpreet Brar, Kaitlin Conway, Muhammad Islam, Elisa Juarez, Aviva Rappaport, Hana Tasic, Tyler Vaivada, Jannah Wigle, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Woman and Child Health
Background: Peru reduced its under-5 child stunting prevalence notably from 31.3% in 2000 to 13.1% in 2016.
Objectives: We aimed to study factors and key enablers of child stunting reduction in Peru from 2000-2016.
Methods: Demographic and Health Surveys were used to conduct descriptive analyses [height-for-age z scores (HAZ) means and distributions, equity analysis, predicted child growth curves through polynomial regressions] and advanced regression analyses. An ecological (at department level) multilevel regression analysis was conducted to identify the major predictors of stunting decline from 2000 to 2016, and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition was conducted to identify the relative contribution of each factor …
Stunting In Childhood: An Overview Of Global Burden, Trends, Determinants, And Drivers Of Decline, Tyler Vaivada, Nadia Akseer, Selai Akseer, Ahalya Somaskandan, Marianne Stefopulos, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Stunting In Childhood: An Overview Of Global Burden, Trends, Determinants, And Drivers Of Decline, Tyler Vaivada, Nadia Akseer, Selai Akseer, Ahalya Somaskandan, Marianne Stefopulos, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Woman and Child Health
Background: Progress has been made worldwide in reducing chronic undernutrition and rates of linear growth stunting in children under 5 y of age, although rates still remain high in many regions. Policies, programs, and interventions supporting maternal and child health and nutrition have the potential to improve child growth and development.
Objective: This article synthesizes the available global evidence on the drivers of national declines in stunting prevalence and compares the relative effect of major drivers of stunting decline between countries.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of published peer-reviewed and gray literature analyzing the relation between changes in key …
Impact Of Conflict On Maternal And Child Health Service Delivery: A Country Case Study Of Afghanistan, Mohammed Shafiq Mirzazada, Zahra Ali Padhani, Sultana Jabeen, Malika Fatima, Arjumand Rizvi, Uzair Ansari, Jai K. Das, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Impact Of Conflict On Maternal And Child Health Service Delivery: A Country Case Study Of Afghanistan, Mohammed Shafiq Mirzazada, Zahra Ali Padhani, Sultana Jabeen, Malika Fatima, Arjumand Rizvi, Uzair Ansari, Jai K. Das, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Woman and Child Health
Introduction: Since decades, the health system of Afghanistan has been in disarray due to ongoing conflict. We aimed to explore the direct effects of conflict on provision of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and nutrition (RMNCAH&N) services and describe the contextual factors influencing these services.
Method: We conducted a quantitative analysis of secondary data on RMNCAH&N indicators and undertook a supportive qualitative study to help understand processes and contextual factors. For quantitative analysis, we stratified the various provinces of Afghanistan into minimal-, moderate- and severe conflict categories based on battle-related deaths from Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) and …
Understanding The Factors Affecting The Humanitarian Health And Nutrition Response For Women And Children In Somalia Since 2000: A Case Study, Zahra Ahmed, Anushka Ataullahjan, Michelle F. Gaffey, Mohamed Osman, Chantal Umutoni, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Abdirisak A. Dalmar
Understanding The Factors Affecting The Humanitarian Health And Nutrition Response For Women And Children In Somalia Since 2000: A Case Study, Zahra Ahmed, Anushka Ataullahjan, Michelle F. Gaffey, Mohamed Osman, Chantal Umutoni, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Abdirisak A. Dalmar
Woman and Child Health
Background: Somalia has been ravaged by more than two decades of armed conflict causing immense damage to the country's infrastructure and mass displacement and suffering among its people. An influx of humanitarian actors has sought to provide basic services, including health services for women and children, throughout the conflict. This study aimed to better understand the humanitarian health response for women and children in Somalia since 2000.
Methods: The study utilized a mixed-methods design. We collated intervention coverage data from publically available large-scale household surveys and we conducted 32 interviews with representatives from government, UN agencies, NGOs, and health facility …
Impact Of Conflict On Maternal And Child Health Service Delivery - How And How Not: A Country Case Study Of Conflict Affected Areas Of Pakistan, Jai K. Das, Zahra Ali Padhani, Sultana Jabeen, Arjumand Rizvi, Uzair Ansari, Malika Fatima, Ghulam Akbar, Wardah Ahmed, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Impact Of Conflict On Maternal And Child Health Service Delivery - How And How Not: A Country Case Study Of Conflict Affected Areas Of Pakistan, Jai K. Das, Zahra Ali Padhani, Sultana Jabeen, Arjumand Rizvi, Uzair Ansari, Malika Fatima, Ghulam Akbar, Wardah Ahmed, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Woman and Child Health
Introduction: In conflict affected countries, healthcare delivery remains a huge concern. Pakistan is one country engulfed with conflict spanning various areas and time spans. We aimed to explore the effect of conflict on provision of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and nutrition (RMNCAH&N) services and describe the contextual factors influencing the prioritization and implementation in conflict affected areas of Pakistan (Balochistan and FATA).
Method: We conducted a secondary quantitative and a primary qualitative analysis. For the quantitative analysis, we stratified the various districts/agencies of Balochistan and FATA into the conflict categories of minimal-, moderate- and severe based on …
Do Recipients Of Cash Transfer Scheme Make The Right Decisions On Household Food Expenditure? A Study From A Rural District In Pakistan, Aminah Jahangir, Shehla Zaidi, Jai K. Das, Shifa Habib
Do Recipients Of Cash Transfer Scheme Make The Right Decisions On Household Food Expenditure? A Study From A Rural District In Pakistan, Aminah Jahangir, Shehla Zaidi, Jai K. Das, Shifa Habib
Community Health Sciences
Objective: To assess spending by beneficiaries of Benazir Income Support Programme on monthly food commodities, and contribution of the cash grant programme on purchase of nutritious foods.
Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional survey of households enrolled in the Benazir Income Support Programme was conducted during July and August, 2013, in Matiari district of the Sindh province of Pakistan. Monthly household food expenditure on food commodities and use of the cash grant on type of food purchased was assessed through structured interviews of the beneficiaries. Results were computed in 2013 Pak rupees and converted to 2018 United States dollar. Women beneficiaries were …
Geospatial Inequalities And Determinants Of Nutritional Status Among Women And Children In Afghanistan: An Observational Study, Nadia Akseer, Zaid Ahmad Bhatti, Taufiq Mashal, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Rahim Moineddin, Robert E Black Md, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Geospatial Inequalities And Determinants Of Nutritional Status Among Women And Children In Afghanistan: An Observational Study, Nadia Akseer, Zaid Ahmad Bhatti, Taufiq Mashal, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Rahim Moineddin, Robert E Black Md, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Background: Undernutrition is a pervasive condition in Afghanistan, and prevalence is among the highest in the world. We aimed to comprehensively assess district-level geographical disparities and determinants of nutritional status (stunting, wasting, or underweight) among women and children in Afghanistan.
Methods: The study used individualised data from the recent Afghanistan National Nutrition Survey 2013. Outcome variables were based on growth and weight anthropometry data, which we analysed linearly as Z scores and as dichotomous categories. We analysed data from a total of almost 14 000 index mother–child pairs using Bayesian spatial and generalised least squares regression models accounting for the …
Stop Stunting: Situation And Way Forward To Improve Maternal, Child And Adolescent Nutrition In Afghanistan, Ariel Higgins Steele, Piyali Mustaphi, Sherin Varkey, Humayoun Ludin, Najibullah Safi, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Stop Stunting: Situation And Way Forward To Improve Maternal, Child And Adolescent Nutrition In Afghanistan, Ariel Higgins Steele, Piyali Mustaphi, Sherin Varkey, Humayoun Ludin, Najibullah Safi, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
No abstract provided.