Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Chicken (5)
- Broiler (4)
- Cat (4)
- Dog (4)
- Cattle (3)
-
- Estrous cycle (3)
- Prevalence (3)
- Semen (3)
- Antibiotic (2)
- Blood (2)
- Blood biochemistry (2)
- Bovine (2)
- Buffalo (2)
- Coxiella burnetii (2)
- Dairy cattle (2)
- Dogs (2)
- Epidemiology (2)
- Genetic parameters (2)
- Gentamicin (2)
- Goat (2)
- Growth performance (2)
- IFAT (2)
- Immunohistochemistry (2)
- Liver (2)
- Mare (2)
- Mastitis (2)
- Oocyte (2)
- Oxidative stress (2)
- PCR (2)
- Pakistan (2)
Articles 1 - 30 of 123
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat
Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
Blood Haematological-Cholesterol Profile And Antibody Titer Response Of Broilers With Added Probiotic Containing Both Bacteria And Yeast Or An Antibiotic In Drinking Water, Sarinee Kalandakanond-Thongsong, Boonrit Thongsong, Vivat Chavananikul
Blood Haematological-Cholesterol Profile And Antibody Titer Response Of Broilers With Added Probiotic Containing Both Bacteria And Yeast Or An Antibiotic In Drinking Water, Sarinee Kalandakanond-Thongsong, Boonrit Thongsong, Vivat Chavananikul
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
An experiment was conducted to investigate the haematological and cholesterol profiles and antibody titer responses to both Newcastle disease (ND) and Infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccines in broiler chickens after drinking water supplemented with either a commercial probiotic (an Active Elements®; AE) containing Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, an antibiotic Chlortetracycline (CTC), or the probiotic plus the antibiotic. Four hundred one-day-old male Cobb broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 4 treatment groups designated as follow: a non-treated control (T1), a 0.05% CTC (T2), a 1:500 AE (T3), and a combination of 0.05% CTC and 1:500 AE (T4), respectively. The chicks were …
Effects Of The Dietary Inclusion Of Fish Meal, Rock Phosphate And Roxarsone On Arsenic Residues In Tissues Of Broilers, Kris Angkanaporn, Kriengsak Daengprom, Chutarat Kiratisehwe
Effects Of The Dietary Inclusion Of Fish Meal, Rock Phosphate And Roxarsone On Arsenic Residues In Tissues Of Broilers, Kris Angkanaporn, Kriengsak Daengprom, Chutarat Kiratisehwe
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The effect of dietary ingredients such as fish meal, rock phosphate and roxarsone on the accumulation of arsenic residues in breast meat, liver and heart was examined in Arbor Acre broilers from days 1-43 of age. Broilers receiving diets containing fish meal had a significantly greater amount of arsenic in breast muscle than other groups. There was a positive correlation between muscular arsenic concentration and dietary fish meal levels. Withdrawal of fish meal for a week prior to slaughter reduced the muscular deposition of arsenic. Chicks receiving roxarsone had significantly higher arsenic level in the liver compared to other groups …
Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Kris Angkanaporn, Winai Chansaisakorn
Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Kris Angkanaporn, Winai Chansaisakorn
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
Estrogen Receptor Alpha Localization In Thai Swamp Buffalo Oviduct During The Follicular And Luteal Phases, Paisan Tienthai, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong, Mongkol Techakumphu
Estrogen Receptor Alpha Localization In Thai Swamp Buffalo Oviduct During The Follicular And Luteal Phases, Paisan Tienthai, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong, Mongkol Techakumphu
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Estrogens are known to be an important modulator for regulation of the reproductive function in female mammals. The specific receptor of estrogens in the buffalo reproductive tract, particularly in the oviduct, has not been explored yet in the expression pattern. This study was, therefore, undertaken to investigate the localization of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the oviduct of Thai swamp buffalo at the follicular and late luteal phases of the estrous cycle. The oviducts were collected from swamp buffalo genital tracts at the local abattoir and separated into the uterotubal junction (UTJ), isthmus, ampulla and infundibulum. Tissue distribution of …
The Efficacy Of Tilmicosin Against Brolier Chickens Infected With Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Isolated In Thailand, Somsak Pakpinyo, Visut Rawiwet, Warod Buranasiri, Supasakol Jaruspibool
The Efficacy Of Tilmicosin Against Brolier Chickens Infected With Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Isolated In Thailand, Somsak Pakpinyo, Visut Rawiwet, Warod Buranasiri, Supasakol Jaruspibool
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Sixty 1-day-old-female broiler chickens were divided into groups as follows. Thirty birds were randomly selected to be bled from jugular vein for Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) antibody assay and swabbed at yolk sac for the detection of MG DNA by using PCR. The remaining birds were divided into three groups, 10 birds per group as follows. Group 1 was a sham negative control. Group 2 received MG serving as a positive control, whereas group 3 received MG and simultaneously treated with tilmicosin incorporated into drinking water. Each bird received MG that was injected into the left thoracic airsac, with 0.1 ml …
Follicular Dynamics Following Estrus Synchronization In Swamp Buffalo Cows (Bubalus Bubalis), Akachart Promdireg, Giorgio Antonio Presicce, Fabio De Rensis, Jinda Singlor, Mongkol Techakumphu
Follicular Dynamics Following Estrus Synchronization In Swamp Buffalo Cows (Bubalus Bubalis), Akachart Promdireg, Giorgio Antonio Presicce, Fabio De Rensis, Jinda Singlor, Mongkol Techakumphu
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The objective of this study was to elucidate ovarian follicular dynamics in swamp buffalo cows (Bubalus bulalis) following a protocol for estrus synchronization during hot as low breeding season (March to June) and cool as high breeding season (November to February). Nine pluriparous buffalo cows received a progesterone ear implant for 10 days together with the administration of a luteolytic dose of PGF2α at the time of implant removal to start the estrus cycle. Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin was administered whenever ovulation did not occur within the first five days following implant removal. Daily ultrasound monitoring and blood collection for progesterone …
Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich
Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
Role Of The Veterinarian On Animal Welfare, Achariya Sailasuta
Role Of The Veterinarian On Animal Welfare, Achariya Sailasuta
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep
What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
Comparative Effects Of Zinc Methionylglycinate And Zinc Sulfate On Hair Coat Characteristics And Zinc Concentration In Plasma, Hair, And Stool Of Dogs, Uttra Jamikorn, Thanisara Preedapattarapong
Comparative Effects Of Zinc Methionylglycinate And Zinc Sulfate On Hair Coat Characteristics And Zinc Concentration In Plasma, Hair, And Stool Of Dogs, Uttra Jamikorn, Thanisara Preedapattarapong
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
There are two form of Zn supplement used in commercial dog foods, organic and inorganic forms. These forms can influence Zn absorption and utilization of the animals. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the effects of zinc methionylglycinate (ZnMG) compared to zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) supplementations in commercial dog foods on haircoat characteristics, and Zn concentration in plasma, hair, and stool of the dogs. Eight mature female beagles were randomly divided into two groups of four dogs each. A Cross-over design was used for this study. The treatments composed of 120 ppm Zn supplement of either ZnMG or …
Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat
Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
The Evaluation Of Selected 13 Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers For The Parentage Test Of Thai Holstein Cattle, Lerdchai Chintapitaksakul, Rapiphan Uavechanichkul
The Evaluation Of Selected 13 Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers For The Parentage Test Of Thai Holstein Cattle, Lerdchai Chintapitaksakul, Rapiphan Uavechanichkul
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Nineteen families of 44 Thai Holstein cattle were evaluated for microsatellite characteristics and the parentage test. A total of 13 microsatellite markers were selected from the genome database and the genomic DNAs were isolated and used as templates for amplification. Multiplex PCR of these thirteen markers in a single reaction showed that only ten markers; b1, b2, b3, b4, b6, b7, b10, b11, b12 and b13 could amplify the fragments ranging from 5 to 12. Nine markers were highly informative with PIC of more than 0.5. An accuracy test revealed that seven markers (b2, b4, b6, b7, b10, b11 and …
Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Kris Angkanaporn, Winai Chansaisakorn
Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Kris Angkanaporn, Winai Chansaisakorn
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
Effects Of The Renin-Angiotensin Blockade On Renal Functions, Renal Norepinephrine Contents And Oxidative Stress In Cyclosporine Induced Nephrosis Rats, Suvaporn Panasjaroen, Sarinee Kalandakanond-Thongsong, Chollada Buranakarl
Effects Of The Renin-Angiotensin Blockade On Renal Functions, Renal Norepinephrine Contents And Oxidative Stress In Cyclosporine Induced Nephrosis Rats, Suvaporn Panasjaroen, Sarinee Kalandakanond-Thongsong, Chollada Buranakarl
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of renin-angiotensin blockade on renal function, renal norepinephrine (NE) contents and renal oxidative stress in Cyclosporine A (CsA) induced renal impairment in rats. Rats were assigned into three groups; group 1 (control group), receiving vehicle (propylene glycol) 1 ml/kg./day, subcutaneously (s/c). for 28 days; group 2 (CsA group), receiving CsA 15 mg/kg/day, s/c for 28 days; group 3 (CsA and losartan (LST) group), receiving CsA 15 mg/kg./day, s/c with the administration of LST 10 mg/k.g./day orally for 28 days. The results showed that CsA administration alone elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP), reduced …
Let’S Celebrate 30th Anniversary Of The Federation Of The Asian Veterinary Associations, Achariya Sailasuta
Let’S Celebrate 30th Anniversary Of The Federation Of The Asian Veterinary Associations, Achariya Sailasuta
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
Treatment Of Infected Open Wounds On Two Dogs Using A Film Dressing Of Polysaccharide Extracted From The Hulls Of Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr.): Case Report, Piyarat Chansiripornchai, Sunanta Pongsamart
Treatment Of Infected Open Wounds On Two Dogs Using A Film Dressing Of Polysaccharide Extracted From The Hulls Of Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr.): Case Report, Piyarat Chansiripornchai, Sunanta Pongsamart
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
There have been many reports on the efficacy of the polysaccharide peptidoglycan (PG) isolated from durian hulls in assisting wound healing in pig, dog, and cat skin. In this report, a two - year - old and a three -year - old female mongrel dogs with infected open wounds and skin necrosis were treated with PG film dressing. Complete wound healing in both dogs occurred within 14 weeks of treatment. PG film dressing may effectively promotes wound healing. The results show the benefit of using PG film dressings in pharmaceutical and veterinary applications.
Ultrastructures Of Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells And Platelets In Four Species Of Macaques In Thailand, Kamol Sakulwira, Wimon Pothiwong, Pakorn Prachammuang, Siripen Vethchagarun
Ultrastructures Of Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells And Platelets In Four Species Of Macaques In Thailand, Kamol Sakulwira, Wimon Pothiwong, Pakorn Prachammuang, Siripen Vethchagarun
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The structure of blood cells and platelets in 11 macaques (2 stump-tailed macaques, 5 long-tailed macaques, 1 rhesus macaque and 3 pig-tailed macaques) were studied using light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Erythrocytes were non-nucleated, biconcave disks without cytoplasmic organelles. Neutrophils had numerous small specific granules. Eosinophils contained specific granules with a dense matrix and a pale crystalloid body. Basophils revealed large round specific granules. Lymphocytes possessed scant cytoplasm with some mitochondria and azurophilic granules. Monocytes contained a large number of mitochondria, azurophilic granules and endoplasmic reticulum. Platelets were represented by anucleation and they had several different organelles in the …
Effect Of Supplementary Zinc From Organic And Inorganic Sources On Laying Performance And Zinc Deposition In Eggs, Hatairat Plaimast, Prapaisri Sirichakwal, Prapasri Puwastien, Suwanna Kijparkorn
Effect Of Supplementary Zinc From Organic And Inorganic Sources On Laying Performance And Zinc Deposition In Eggs, Hatairat Plaimast, Prapaisri Sirichakwal, Prapasri Puwastien, Suwanna Kijparkorn
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementary organic and inorganic zinc on the laying performance and zinc deposition in eggs. One hundred and eighty laying hens (ISA Brown), aged 36 weeks, were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 4 replications of 9 hens each. A corn-soy based diet which was formulated to meet the recommended nutrient requirement especially the level of zinc (60 µµ µµ µg Zn/g diet) was used as the control diet. Both sources of zinc, inorganic (zinc sulfate) and organic (zinc amino acid chelate) were supplemented to provide zinc at levels of 300 and …
Effect Of Pentoxifylline On The Motility Characteristics And Viability Of Spermatozoa In Asian Elephants (Elephas Maximus) With Low Semen Quality, Nikorn Thongtip, Jumnian Saikhun, Sittidet Mahasawangkul, Kornchai Kornkaewrat, Piyawan Suthanmapinanh, Anuchai Pinyopummin
Effect Of Pentoxifylline On The Motility Characteristics And Viability Of Spermatozoa In Asian Elephants (Elephas Maximus) With Low Semen Quality, Nikorn Thongtip, Jumnian Saikhun, Sittidet Mahasawangkul, Kornchai Kornkaewrat, Piyawan Suthanmapinanh, Anuchai Pinyopummin
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
To investigate the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) to enhance the motility and fertilization capacity of semen samples with the low-motile sperm in Asian elephants, fourteen semen collection attempts in 9 elephant bulls by manual stimulation were undertaken and eleven ejaculates fitted the criteria of investigation (0-30% motility). They were divided into two groups: poor-motile (0-9% motility) and low-motile (10-30% motility) sperm groups. Fresh semen samples were divided as a control group and 3 experimental groups that were supplemented with PTX at a final concentration of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml, respectively. The semen samples were incubated at 37oC for 15 …
What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep
What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich
Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
The Correlation Between Plasma L-Carnitine And Growth Performance In Suckling Pigs In Respect Of Mrna Expression Of A Carnitine Transporter, Octn2, In Lactating Porcine Mammary Tissues, Boonrit Thongsong, Sarinee Kalandakanond-Thongsong
The Correlation Between Plasma L-Carnitine And Growth Performance In Suckling Pigs In Respect Of Mrna Expression Of A Carnitine Transporter, Octn2, In Lactating Porcine Mammary Tissues, Boonrit Thongsong, Sarinee Kalandakanond-Thongsong
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Two objectives of this study were to investigate the weekly change in plasma L-carnitine concentration during the 28 day suckling period and to determine the relative mRNA expression level of a L-carnitine transporter, OCTN2, in porcine mammary tissue at early and peak lactation. The results showed that the L-carnitine concentration of piglets after giving birth was 3.94±0.13 mg/L. L-carnitine levels on day 7 were significantly decreased (p<0.05) compared to those on the 1st day. On day 14, L-carnitine level increased significantly (p<0.05) to the concentration of 3.99±0.55 mg/L and maintained this level until weaning day. As with the increase in plasma L-carnitine concentration 1 week following suckling age, the body weight also increased significantly (p<0.05). The linear correlation of suckling ages and L-carnitine levels has a significant and positive correlation (R2Adj=0.1328, p<0.05). The mRNA expression of OCTN2 found in these lactating sow mammary tissues showed the relative abundance of this carnitine transporter. It tended to be decreased in lactating mammary tissue of sows at their peak compared to those at early lactation (p=0.065). Therefore, the significant change or maintenance in plasma L-carnitine concentration and body weight gain during suckling period provided an insight into the effects of L-carnitine in suckling piglets. Additionally, the mRNA expression of OCTN2 in the lactating mammary cells will be further investigated in cellular and molecular regulatory mechanisms to transport L-carnitine from dams to their piglets via the mammary glands.
Known Facts About The Epidemiology Of Porcine Proliferative Enteropathy, Roberto M. C. Guedes
Known Facts About The Epidemiology Of Porcine Proliferative Enteropathy, Roberto M. C. Guedes
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The amount of new information of the last seven years regarding Lawsonia intracellularis sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs, prevention/control based on treatment and vaccination, diagnosis and, finally, genome is amazing. Nevertheless, not much is known about the epidemiology of the disease, mainly regarding the source of infection, resistance of the bacteria in the environment and possible biological vectors that could spread the infection among farms. It was learned that as few as 1,000 to 10,000 bacteria are enough to induce infection and fecal shedding two to three weeks after inoculating susceptible pigs. It was also learned that L. intracellularis organisms can …
The Incidence On Severe Losses Of Piglets In Central Thailand Caused By The Ped Viral Disease, Supol Luengyosleuchakul
The Incidence On Severe Losses Of Piglets In Central Thailand Caused By The Ped Viral Disease, Supol Luengyosleuchakul
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
No abstract provided.
The Microscopic And Molecular Detections Of Canine Ehrlichiosis, Orapin Ariyawutthiphan, Kaj Shokshai-Utsaha, Thanida Sananmuang, Sudchit Chungpivat, Meena Sarikaputi, Nareerat Viseshakul
The Microscopic And Molecular Detections Of Canine Ehrlichiosis, Orapin Ariyawutthiphan, Kaj Shokshai-Utsaha, Thanida Sananmuang, Sudchit Chungpivat, Meena Sarikaputi, Nareerat Viseshakul
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The applications of molecular detection using nested PCR and the routine microscopic examination of ehrlichiosis were applied to 43 clinically affected dogs residing in Bangkok and Samutraprakarn. This study, performed in 2005-2006, has determined that 79.5% (31/39) of the buffy coat smears were having the ehrlichial morulae plus initial bodies found in monocytes and lymphocytes. The nested PCR was used to confirm the occurrence of ehrlichiosis after tested by morulae identification. Both tests demonstrated that neither Ehrlichia chaffeensis nor E. ewingii, the zoonotic agents of human, were found in this area. However, the prevalence of E. canis alone detected by …
Distribution Of Edwardsiella Tarda Antigens And Igm Containing Cells In Tilapia Immune Organs During Septicemia: An Immunohistochemical Study, Nopadon Pirarat, Takayuki Katagiri, Masashi Maita, Makoto Endo, Achariya Sailasuta
Distribution Of Edwardsiella Tarda Antigens And Igm Containing Cells In Tilapia Immune Organs During Septicemia: An Immunohistochemical Study, Nopadon Pirarat, Takayuki Katagiri, Masashi Maita, Makoto Endo, Achariya Sailasuta
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
An immunohistochemical study describes the localization of IgM containing cells involved in the primary immune organs of tilapia and the fate of E. tarda antigen distributed in the tissues during a course of intraperitoneal challenge. The E. tarda antigen was diffusely detected in various organs except the brain and spinal cord. The positive signals were identified within various cell types, including phagocytic cells, serosal mesothelia, myocardia, intestinal and gill epithelia and glomerular capillary endothelia. No extracellular deposition of bacterial antigen was observed. The bacterial antigen can persist up to 1 month in the granuloma and melano-macrophage center, confirming the intracellular …
Low Pregnancy Rate In Dairy Cattle After Fixed Time Artificial Insemination Using Norgestomet + Pgf2Α + Ecg Program During The Hot And Humid Months In Thailand, Winai Kaewlamun, Junpen Suwimonteerabutr, Thitirat Chaimee, Prachin Virakul, Mongkol Techakumphu
Low Pregnancy Rate In Dairy Cattle After Fixed Time Artificial Insemination Using Norgestomet + Pgf2Α + Ecg Program During The Hot And Humid Months In Thailand, Winai Kaewlamun, Junpen Suwimonteerabutr, Thitirat Chaimee, Prachin Virakul, Mongkol Techakumphu
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The present study was conducted to synchronize estrus and fixed time insemination in dairy cattle during the hot and humid months (July to November) in Thailand. Thirty-four cows and heifers were treated by using norgestomet+PGF2α+equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) program. Norgestomet was implanted subcutaneously at the back of the ear for 10 days. PGF2α was administered IM on day 8 and one injection of eCG was given on the day of implant removal. Fixed time artificial insemination(AI) were performed twice, at about 54-60 and 70-74 h, after the eCG injection. Blood samples were collected at 22 days after AI for progesterone …
Renal Function And Oxidative Stress Following Gentamicin Induced Renal Injury In Rats Treated With Erythropoietin, Iron And Vitamin E, Patcharin Thongchai, Narongsak Chaiyabutr, Chollada Buranakarl
Renal Function And Oxidative Stress Following Gentamicin Induced Renal Injury In Rats Treated With Erythropoietin, Iron And Vitamin E, Patcharin Thongchai, Narongsak Chaiyabutr, Chollada Buranakarl
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The effects of erythropoietin(Epo), iron, and vitamin E on renal function and oxidative stress in rats with renal injury induced by gentamicin were investigated. Rats were divided into 5 groups; group 1, control; group 2, gentamicin group(100 mg/kg gentamicin sc. on days 5-12); group 3, gentamicin plus Epo (in addition to gentamicin, 100 i.u./kg Epo was administered s.c. on days 5-12); group 4, gentamicin plus Epo and iron (in addition to gentamicin and Epo, 500 mg/kg iron was administered i.p. on days 4) and group 5, gentamicin plus Epo, iron, and vitamin E (in addition to genta, Epo and iron, …
Tube Realignment For Patellar Luxation Repair In Dogs, Chalika Wangdee, Marissak Kalpravidh
Tube Realignment For Patellar Luxation Repair In Dogs, Chalika Wangdee, Marissak Kalpravidh
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Grade II patellar luxations in dogs were repaired by trochlear wedge recession in 5 stifles (group 1) and by proximal tube realignment in 5 stifles (group 2). A combination of the two techniques was used to correct grade II luxation in 10 stifles (group 3) and grade III luxation in 5 stifles (group 4). The position of the patella, weight bearing, and animal gait were postoperatively examined for 12 weeks. Satisfactory results were observed in 1(20%), 3(60%), and 9(90%) stifles with grade II luxation in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Good recovery from grade III luxation was observed in …